Obesity, Diabetes, Coffee, Tea, and Cannabis Use Alter Risk for Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis in 2 Large Cohorts of High-Risk Drinkers

John B Whitfield (1) , S Masson (2) , Suthat Liangpunsakul (3) , Sebastian Mueller (4) , Guruprasad P Aithal (5) , Florian Eyer (6) , Dermot Gleeson (7) , A Thompson (8) , Felix Stickel (9) , Michael Soyka (10) , Ann K Daly (2) , Heather J Cordell (2) , Tatiana Foroud (11) , Lawrence Lumeng (3) , Munir Pirmohamed (8) , Bertrand Nalpas (12) , Jean-Marc Jacquet (12) , Romain Moirand (13, 14) , Pierre Nahon (15, 16) , Sylvie S. Naveau (17) , Pascal Perney (12) , Paul S Haber (18) , H Seitz (4) , C Day (2) , Philippe Mathurin (19) , Timothy R Morgan (20, 21) , Devanshi Seth (18)

1 QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
2 Newcastle University [Newcastle]
3 Indiana University System
4 Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University
5 UON - University of Nottingham, UK
6 TUM - Technische Universität Munchen - Technical University Munich - Université Technique de Munich
7 Royal Hallamshire Hospital
8 University of Liverpool
9 University hospital of Zurich [Zurich]
10 University-Hospital Munich-Großhadern [München]
11 Indiana University School of Medicine
12 CHU Nîmes - Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes]
13 NuMeCan - Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer
14 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes [CHU Rennes] = Rennes University Hospital [Ponchaillou]
15 U1162 - Génomique Fonctionnelle des Tumeurs Solides
16 Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP]
17 AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart]
18 The University of Sydney
19 CHRU Lille - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [CHU Lille]
20 CSULB - California State University [Long Beach]
21 UC - University of California

Introduction - Sustained high alcohol intake is necessary but not sufficient to produce alcohol-related cirrhosis. Identification of risk factors, apart from lifetime alcohol exposure, would assist in discovery of mechanisms and prediction of risk. Methods - We conducted a multicenter case-control study (GenomALC) comparing 1,293 cases (with alcohol-related cirrhosis, 75.6% male) and 754 controls (with equivalent alcohol exposure but no evidence of liver disease, 73.6% male). Information confirming or excluding cirrhosis, and on alcohol intake and other potential risk factors, was obtained from clinical records and by interview. Case-control differences in risk factors discovered in the GenomALC participants were validated using similar data from 407 cases and 6,573 controls from UK Biobank. Results - The GenomALC case and control groups reported similar lifetime alcohol intake (1,374 vs 1,412 kg). Cases had a higher prevalence of diabetes (20.5% (262/1,288) vs 6.5% (48/734), P = 2.27 × 10) and higher premorbid body mass index (26.37 ± 0.16 kg/m) than controls (24.44 ± 0.18 kg/m, P = 5.77 × 10). Controls were significantly more likely to have been wine drinkers, coffee drinkers, smokers, and cannabis users than cases. Cases reported a higher proportion of parents who died of liver disease than controls (odds ratio 2.25 95% confidence interval 1.55-3.26). Data from UK Biobank confirmed these findings for diabetes, body mass index, proportion of alcohol as wine, and coffee consumption. Discussion - If these relationships are causal, measures such as weight loss, intensive treatment of diabetes or prediabetic states, and coffee consumption should reduce the risk of alcohol-related cirrhosis.

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

John B Whitfield, S Masson, Suthat Liangpunsakul, Sebastian Mueller, Guruprasad P Aithal, et al.. Obesity, Diabetes, Coffee, Tea, and Cannabis Use Alter Risk for Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis in 2 Large Cohorts of High-Risk Drinkers. The American Journal of Gastroenterology, 2021, 116 (1), pp.106-115. ⟨10.14309/ajg.0000000000000833⟩. ⟨hal-02959964⟩