Comparison of single- and multi-trait approaches to identify best wild candidates for aquaculture shows that the simple way fails

Lola Toomey (1) , Thomas Lecocq (1) , Zoltán Bokor (2) , Laurent Espinat (3) , Árpád Ferincz (2) , Chloé Goulon (3) , Sami Vesala (4) , Margot Baratçabal (1) , Mamadou-Diouhe Barry (1) , Mélanie Gouret (1) , Camille Gouron (1) , Adam Staszny (2) , Emilie Mauduit (1) , Vicheka Mean (1) , Iris Muller (1) , Nicolas Schlick (1) , Kévin Speder (1) , Romain Thumerel (1) , Clémentine Piatti (1) , Alain Pasquet (1, 5) , Pascal Fontaine (1)

1 URAFPA - Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux
2 Department of Aquaculture, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary
3 CARRTEL - Centre Alpin de Recherche sur les Réseaux Trophiques et Ecosystèmes Limniques
4 LUKE - Natural Resources Institute Finland
5 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

in agriculture, diversifying production implies picking up, in the wild biodiversity, species or populations that can be domesticated and fruitfully produced. two alternative approaches are available to highlight wild candidate(s) with high suitability for aquaculture: the single-trait (i.e. considering a single phenotypic trait and, thus, a single biological function) and multi-trait (i.e. considering multiple phenotypic traits involved in several biological functions) approaches. Although the former is the traditional and the simplest method, the latter could be theoretically more efficient. However, an explicit comparison of advantages and pitfalls between these approaches is lacking to date in aquaculture. Here, we compared the two approaches to identify best candidate(s) between four wild allopatric populations of Perca fluviatilis in standardised aquaculture conditions. our results showed that the single-trait approach can (1) miss key divergences between populations and (2) highlight different best candidate(s) depending on the trait considered. In contrast, the multi-trait approach allowed identifying the population with the highest domestication potential thanks to several congruent lines of evidence. nevertheless, such an integrative assessment is achieved with a far more time-consuming and expensive study. therefore, improvements and rationalisations will be needed to make the multi-trait approach a promising way in the aquaculture development.

Domaines: Alimentation et Nutrition; Biologie animale

Lola Toomey, Thomas Lecocq, Zoltán Bokor, Laurent Espinat, Árpád Ferincz, et al.. Comparison of single- and multi-trait approaches to identify best wild candidates for aquaculture shows that the simple way fails. Scientific Reports, 2020, 10 (1), pp.11564. ⟨10.1038/s41598-020-68315-5⟩. ⟨hal-02899323⟩