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Article Dans Une Revue Agronomy for Sustainable Development Année : 2005

Yield variation in organic winter wheat: a diagnostic study in the Southeast of France

Résumé

A diagnostic method for assessing regional variations in yield was implemented for a network of 24 organic wheat fields located in two neighboring regions, Diois and Val de Drôme (France). We studied: yield and its components; field environmental conditions of the fields; relations between indicators of potential limiting factors and yield components; and linkages between crop management and yield-limiting factors. The yield performances were low and variable (3.5 ± 1.4 t·ha-1). The relative kernel number (RKN) was significantly related to nitrogen nutrition and weed density at flowering. The nitrogen nutrition index (NNIf) had a strong and positive effect on relative kernel number, while weed density (1/WF) had a negative effect. The percentage of kernel number variation explained by the regression model (RKN = 0.112 + 0.609 × NNIf + 0.2 × 1/WF) was adequate (Adj. R2 = 0.53) with a RMSE of 0.09. The duration of the period of grain filling, reflected in the temperature sum, had a strong and positive effect on relative kernel weight (RTKW), while soil compaction and high temperature had a negative influence. Adjusted R2 for the model was 0.42 with a RMSE of 0.16. The results confirm that legumes preceding crops improve nitrogen nutrition on subsequent winter wheat, e.g. the Nitrogen Nutrition Index at flowering (NNIf) = 0.51 ± 0.12 for a crop rotation with a rate of legumes over 37% vs. 0.41 ± 0.11 for a crop rotation with a rate of legumes under 25%. Alfalfa preceding crops significantly limited the weed density at harvest while stony soils and early sowing (before November 1st) enhanced weed density
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hal-02680902 , version 1 (31-05-2020)

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Christophe David, Marie-Helene M.-H. Jeuffroy, John Henning, Jean-Marc Meynard. Yield variation in organic winter wheat: a diagnostic study in the Southeast of France. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2005, 25 (2), pp.213-223. ⟨10.1051/agro:2005016⟩. ⟨hal-02680902⟩
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