Socioeconomic Indicators Are Independently Associated with Nutrient Intake in French Adults: A DEDIPAC Study

Wendy Si Hassen (1) , Katia Castetbon (1, 2) , Philippe Cardon (3, 4) , Christophe Enaux (5) , Mary Nicolaou (6) , Nanna Lien (7) , Laura Terragni (8) , Michelle Holdsworth (9) , Karien Stronks (10) , Serge Hercberg (1) , Caroline Mejean (1)

1 CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153) - Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité
2 School of Public Health
3 ALISS - Alimentation et sciences sociales
4 Université de Lille, Sciences Humaines et Sociales
5 LIVE - Laboratoire Image, Ville, Environnement
6 AMC - Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam]
7 Department of Nutrition [Oslo]
8 Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences
9 University of Sheffield
10 UvA - University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] = Universiteit van Amsterdam

Studies have suggested differential associations of specific indicators of socioeconomic position (SEP) with nutrient intake and a cumulative effect of these indicators on diet. We investigated the independent association of SEP indicators (education, income, occupation) with nutrient intake and their effect modification. This cross-sectional analysis included 91,900 French adults from the NutriNet-Sante cohort. Nutrient intake was estimated using three 24-h records. We investigated associations between the three SEP factors and nutrient intake using sex-stratified analysis of covariance, adjusted for age and energy intake, and associations between income and nutrient intake stratified by education and occupation. Low educated participants had higher protein and cholesterol intakes and lower fibre, vitamin C and beta-carotene intakes. Low income individuals had higher complex carbohydrate intakes, and lower magnesium, potassium, folate and vitamin C intakes. Intakes of vitamin D and alcohol were lower in low occupation individuals. Higher income was associated with higher intakes of fibre, protein, magnesium, potassium, beta-carotene, and folate among low educated persons only, highlighting effect modification. Lower SEP, particularly low education, was associated with lower intakes of nutrients required for a healthy diet. Each SEP indicator was associated with specific differences in nutrient intake suggesting that they underpin different social processes.

Mots clés: inequalities; education; nutrient intake

Mots clés: occupation; socioeconomic position; income

Domaines: Sciences de l'Homme et Société

Wendy Si Hassen, Katia Castetbon, Philippe Cardon, Christophe Enaux, Mary Nicolaou, et al.. Socioeconomic Indicators Are Independently Associated with Nutrient Intake in French Adults: A DEDIPAC Study. Nutrients, 2016, 8 (3), pp.1-19. ⟨10.3390/nu8030158⟩. ⟨hal-02636505⟩