Selenoneine: a Unique Reactive Selenium Species From the Blood of Tuna With Implications for Human Diseases
Résumé
Purpose of Review : The trace element selenium is found in many dietary components, from grains to Brazil nuts. In humans, this chalcogen is essential for many physiological processes. A couple of years ago, selenoneine, a rather unusual seleno-histidine derivative, has been isolated from tuna.
Recent Findings : Whilst there is a limited number of other naturally occurring small selenium compounds, large quantities of selenoneine can be generated in genetically engineered microorganisms and via chemical synthesis. Due to a rare selenol/selenone tautomerism, this compound exhibits unique redox properties and promising biological activities, which range of traditional antioxidant action to the interaction and subsequent protection of metal ions.
Summary : Selenoneine may indeed provide a promising lead for a new generation of selenium supplements and chemopreventive agents.