Physical Modeling of the Upwind-Downwind Asymmetry in Microwave Return from the Sea Surface
Résumé
We report recent results on the investigation of upwind/downwind asymmetries in microwave return from the sea surface. We first provide a brief bibliographic synthesis of experimental trends observed for the upwind/downwind of the Normalized Radar Cross Section. This analysis enables the characterization of the asymmetries with respect to the radar geometry, the polarization channel, the sea state and the radar frequency. We consider various physical mechanisms which can account for upwind/downwind asymmetry and investigate in detail the role of unbalanced facet tilting. Using reference wind-wave tank experimental measurements, we design a probability distribution for the steep and asymmetric facet slopes and combine it with a Two-Scale Model. This allows recovering the trends of the asymmetries described in the literature.
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