A. C. Aiken, P. F. Decarlo, J. H. Kroll, D. R. Worsnop, J. A. Huffman et al., O/C and OM / OC ratios of primary, secondary, and ambient organic aerosols with high-resolution timeof-flight aerosol mass spectrometry, Environ. Sci. Technol, vol.42, pp.4478-4485, 2008.

J. D. Allan, J. L. Jimenez, P. I. Williams, M. R. Alfarra, K. N. Bower et al., Quantitative sampling using an Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer 1. Techniques of data interpretation and error analysis, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.108, pp.3289-3309, 2003.

G. Ancellet, J. Pelon, J. Totems, P. Chazette, A. Bazureau et al., Longrange transport and mixing of aerosol sources during the, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01230477

, North American biomass burning episode: analysis of multiple lidar observations in the western Mediterranean basin, Atmos, Chem. Phys, vol.16, pp.4725-4742, 2016.

J. Arndt, J. Sciare, M. Mallet, G. C. Roberts, N. Marchand et al., Sources and mixing state of summertime background aerosol in the north-western Mediterranean basin, Atmos, Chem. Phys, vol.17, pp.6975-7001, 2017.

S. Becagli, D. M. Sferlazzo, G. Pace, A. Di-sarra, C. Bommarito et al., Evidence for heavy fuel oil combustion aerosols from chemical analyses at the island of Lampedusa: a possible large role of ships emissions in the Mediterranean, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.12, pp.3479-3492, 2012.

S. Becagli, F. Anello, C. Bommarito, F. Cassola, G. Calzolai et al., Constraining the ship contribution to the aerosol of the central Mediterranean, Atmos, Chem. Phys, vol.17, pp.2067-2084, 2017.

A. Bougiatioti, I. Stavroulas, E. Kostenidou, P. Zarmpas, C. Theodosi et al., Processing of biomass-burning aerosol in the eastern Mediterranean during summertime, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.14, pp.4793-4807, 2014.

M. Bove, P. Brotto, G. Calzolai, F. Cassola, F. Cavalli et al., PM 10 source apportionment applying PMF and chemical tracer analysis to ship-borne measurements in the Western Mediterranean, Atmos. Environ, vol.125, pp.140-151, 2016.

C. Bozzetti, I. El-haddad, D. Salameh, K. R. Daellenbach, P. Fermo et al., Organic aerosol source apportionment by offline-AMS over a full year in Marseille, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.17, pp.8247-8268, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01656083

V. Brocchi, G. Krysztofiak, V. Catoire, J. Guth, V. Marécal et al., Intercontinental transport of biomass burning pollutants over the Mediterranean Basin during the summer 2014 ChArMEx-GLAM airborne campaign, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.18, pp.6887-6906, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01798838

G. Calzolai, S. Nava, F. Lucarelli, M. Chiari, M. Giannoni et al., Characterization of PM 10 sources in the central Mediterranean, vol.15, pp.13939-13955, 2015.

D. C. Carslaw and K. Ropkins, Openair -an R package for air quality data analysis, Environ. Modell. Softw, vol.27, p.30, 2012.

R. Y. Chang, .. Leck, C. Graus, M. Müller, M. Paatero et al., Aerosol composition and sources in the central Arctic Ocean during ASCOS, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.11, pp.10619-10636, 2011.

M. Chrit, K. Sartelet, J. Sciare, J. Pey, N. Marchand et al., Modelling organic aerosol concentrations and properties during ChArMEx summer campaigns of 2012 and 2013 in the western Mediterranean region, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.17, pp.12509-12531, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01724306

M. Chrit, K. Sartelet, J. Sciare, J. Pey, J. B. Nicolas et al., Wintertime aerosol chemical composition and source apportionment of the organic fraction in the metropolitan area of Paris, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.18, pp.961-981, 2013.

M. Crippa, F. Canonaco, V. A. Lanz, M. Äijälä, J. D. Allan et al., Organic aerosol components derived from 25 AMS data sets across Europe using a consistent ME-2 based source apportionment approach, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.14, pp.6159-6176, 2014.

C. Denjean, F. Cassola, A. Mazzino, S. Triquet, S. Chevaillier et al., Size distribution and optical properties of mineral dust aerosols transported in the western Mediterranean, Atmos, Chem. Phys, vol.16, pp.1081-1104, 2016.

E. Diapouli, M. I. Manousakas, S. Vratolis, V. Vasilatou, S. Pateraki et al., AIRUSE-LIFE +: estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM 10 and PM 2.5 concentrations in southern Europe -implications to compliance with limit values, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.17, pp.3673-3685, 2017.

F. Drewnick, S. S. Hings, P. Decarlo, J. T. Jayne, M. Gonin et al., A new time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (TOF-AMS) -Instrument description and first field deployment, Aerosol. Sci. Tech, vol.39, pp.637-658, 2005.

F. Drewnick, S. S. Hings, M. R. Alfarra, A. S. Prevot, and S. Borrmann, Aerosol quantification with the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer: detection limits and ionizer background effects, Atmos. Meas. Tech, vol.2, pp.33-46, 2009.

I. El-haddad, B. D'anna, B. Temime-roussel, M. Nicolas, A. Boreave et al., Towards a better understanding of the origins, chemical composition and aging of oxygenated organic aerosols: case study of a Mediterranean industrialized environment, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.13, pp.7875-7894, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01687217

P. Formenti, O. Boucher, T. Reiner, D. Sprung, M. O. Andreae et al., STAAARTE-MED 1998 summer airborne measurements over the Aegean Sea 2. Aerosol scattering and absorption, and radiative calculations, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.107, p.4451, 2002.

P. Formenti, L. Mbemba-kabuiku, I. Chiapello, F. Ducos, F. Dulac et al., Aerosol optical properties derived from POLDER-3/PARASOL (2005-2013) over the western Mediterranean Sea -Part 1: Quality assessment with AERONET and in situ airborne observations, Atmos. Meas. Tech, vol.11, pp.6761-6784, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02161058

R. Ghahremaninezhad, A. Norman, J. P. Abbatt, M. Levasseur, and J. L. Thomas, Biogenic, anthropogenic and sea salt sulfate size-segregated aerosols in the Arctic summer, Atmos, Chem. Phys, vol.16, pp.5191-5202, 2016.

J. Haywood and O. Boucher, Estimates of the direct and indirect radiative forcing due to tropospheric aerosols: A review, Rev. Geophys, vol.38, pp.513-543, 2000.

R. M. Healy, I. P. O'connor, S. Hellebust, A. Allanic, J. R. Sodeau et al., Columnar modelling of nucleation burst evolution in the convective boundary layer -first results from a feasibility study Part IV: A compilation of previous observations for valuation of simulation results from a columnar modelling study, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.43, pp.4253-4274, 2006.

S. P. Hersey, J. S. Craven, K. A. Schilling, A. R. Metcalf, A. Sorooshian et al., The Pasadena Aerosol Characterization Observatory (PACO): chemical and physical analysis of the Western Los Angeles basin aerosol, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.11, pp.7417-7443, 2011.

L. Hildebrandt, G. J. Engelhart, C. Mohr, E. Kostenidou, V. A. Lanz et al., Aged organic aerosol in the Eastern Mediterranean: the Finokalia Aerosol Measurement Experiment -2008, Atmos, Chem. Phys, vol.10, pp.4167-4186, 2010.

L. Hildebrandt, E. Kostenidou, V. A. Lanz, A. S. Prevot, U. Baltensperger et al., Sources and atmospheric processing of organic aerosol in the Mediterranean: insights from aerosol mass spectrometer factor analysis, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.11, pp.12499-12515, 2011.

R. Iannone, SplitR: Use the HYSPLIT model inside R and do more with it, 2018.

J. Isakson, T. A. Persson, and E. S. Lindgren, Identification and assessment of ship emissions and their effects in the harbour of Göteborg, Atmos. Environ, vol.35, pp.3659-3666, 2001.

J. L. Jimenez, M. Canagaratna, N. Donahue, A. Prevot, Q. Zhang et al., Evolution of organic aerosols in the atmosphere, Science, vol.326, pp.1525-1529, 2009.

N. Kalivitis, I. Stavroulas, A. Bougiatioti, G. Kouvarakis, S. Gagné et al., Night-time enhanced atmospheric ion concentrations in the marine boundary layer, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.12, pp.3627-3638, 2012.

E. Kalnay, M. Kanamitsu, R. Kistler, W. Collins, D. Deaven et al., The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc, vol.77, pp.437-471, 1996.

M. Koçak, N. Mihalopoulos, and N. Kubilay, Chemical composition of the fine and coarse fraction of aerosols in the northeastern Mediterranean, Atmos. Environ, vol.41, pp.7351-7368, 2007.

E. Koulouri, S. Saarikoski, C. Theodosi, Z. Markaki, E. Gerasopoulos et al., Chemical composition and sources of fine and coarse aerosol particles in the Eastern Mediterranean, Atmos. Environ, vol.42, pp.6542-6550, 2008.

M. Kulmala, H. Vehkamäki, T. Petäjä, M. Dal-maso, A. Lauri et al., Formation and growth rates of ultrafine atmospheric particles: a review of observations, J. Aerosol. Sci, vol.35, pp.143-176, 2004.

V. A. Lanz, M. R. Alfarra, U. Baltensperger, B. Buchmann, C. Hueglin et al., Source attribution of submicron organic aerosols during wintertime inversions by advanced factor analysis of aerosol mass spectra, Environ. Sci. Technol, vol.42, pp.214-220, 2007.

J. Lauros, E. D. Nilsson, M. Dal-maso, and M. Kulmala, Contribution of mixing in the ABL to new particle formation based on observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.7, pp.4781-4792, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00296335

J. Lauros, A. Sogachev, S. Smolander, H. Vuollekoski, S. Sihto et al., Particle concentration and flux dynamics in the atmospheric boundary layer as the indicator of formation mechanism, Atmos, Chem. Phys, vol.11, pp.5591-5601, 2011.

J. Lelieveld, H. Berresheim, S. Borrmann, P. Crutzen, F. Dentener et al., Overview of the Chemistry-Aerosol Mediterranean Experiment/Aerosol Direct Radiative Forcing on the Mediterranean Climate (ChArMEx/ADRIMED) summer 2013 campaign, vol.298, pp.455-504, 2002.

A. Mariotti, Y. Pan, N. Zeng, A. , and A. , Long-term climate change in the Mediterranean region in the midst of decadal variability, Clim. Dynam, vol.44, pp.1437-1456, 2015.

V. A. Marple, K. L. Rubow, and S. M. Behm, A Microorifice Uniform Deposit Impactor (MOUDI): Description, Calibration, and Use, Aerosol Sci. Tech, vol.14, pp.434-446, 1991.

D. Meloni, A. Di-sarra, G. Pace, and F. Monteleone, Aerosol optical properties at Lampedusa (Central Mediterranean). 2. Determination of single scattering albedo at two wavelengths for different aerosol types, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.6, pp.715-727, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00295855

V. Michoud, J. Sciare, S. Sauvage, S. Dusanter, T. Léonardis et al., Organic carbon at a remote site of the western Mediterranean Basin: sources and chemistry during the ChArMEx SOP2 field experiment, Atmos, Chem. Phys, vol.17, pp.8837-8865, 2017.

A. Middlebrook, R. Bahreini, J. Jiminez, and M. Canagaratna, Evaluation of composition-dependent collection efficiencies for the aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer using field data, Aerosol Sci. Tech, vol.46, pp.258-271, 2012.

M. Minguillón, N. Pérez, N. Marchand, A. Bertrand, B. Temime-roussel et al., Secondary organic aerosol origin in an urban environment: influence of biogenic and fuel combustion precursors, Faraday Discuss, vol.189, pp.337-359, 2016.

M. C. Minguillón, A. Ripoll, N. Pérez, A. S. Prévôt, F. Canonaco et al., Chemical characterization of submicron regional background aerosols in the western Mediterranean using an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.15, pp.6379-6391, 2015.

C. Mohr, P. F. Decarlo, M. F. Heringa, R. Chirico, J. G. Slowik et al., Identification and quantification of organic aerosol from cooking and other sources in Barcelona using aerosol mass spectrometer data, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.12, pp.1649-1665, 2012.

M. Muller, C. George, and B. Anna, Enhanced spectral analysis of C-TOF Aerosol Mass Spectrometer data: iterative residual analysis and cumulative peak fitting, Int. J. Mass. Spectrom, vol.306, pp.1-8, 2011.

N. L. Ng, M. R. Canagaratna, Q. Zhang, J. L. Jimenez, J. Tian et al., Organic aerosol components observed in Northern Hemispheric datasets from Aerosol Mass Spectrometry, vol.10, pp.4625-4641, 2010.

N. L. Ng, M. R. Canagaratna, J. L. Jimenez, P. S. Chhabra, J. H. Seinfeld et al., Changes in organic aerosol composition with aging inferred from aerosol mass spectra, Atmos, Chem. Phys, vol.11, pp.6465-6474, 2011.

D. A. Orsini, Y. Ma, A. Sullivan, B. Sierau, K. Baumann et al., Characterization of atmospheric aerosols for a long range transport of biomass burning particles from canadian forest fires over the southern iberian peninsula in, Optica Pura y Aplicada, vol.37, pp.43-49, 2003.

J. Ovadnevaite, D. Ceburnis, M. Canagaratna, H. Berresheim, J. Bialek et al., On the effect of wind speed on submicron sea salt mass concentrations and source fluxes, J. Geophys. Res, vol.117, p.16201, 2012.

P. Paatero, Least squares formulation of robust non-negative factor analysis, Chemometr. Intell. Lab, vol.37, pp.23-35, 1997.

P. Paatero and U. Tapper, Positive matrix factorization: A nonnegative factor model with optimal utilization of error estimates of data values, Environmetrics, vol.5, pp.111-126, 1994.

G. Pace, D. Meloni, A. Di-sarra, G. Pace, A. Di-sarra et al., Aerosol optical properties at Lampedusa (Central Mediterranean). 1. Influence of transport and identification of different aerosol types, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.110, pp.697-713, 2003.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00295855

M. Perrone and A. Bergamo, Direct radiative forcing during Sahara dust intrusions at a site in the Central Mediterranean: Anthropogenic particle contribution, Atmos. Res, vol.101, pp.783-798, 2011.

M. Perrone, S. Becagli, J. G. Orza, R. Vecchi, A. Dinoi et al., The impact of long-range-transport on PM 1 and PM 2.5 at a Central Mediterranean site, Atmos. Environ, vol.71, pp.176-186, 2013.

J. Petit, O. Favez, A. Albinet, and F. Canonaco, A userfriendly tool for comprehensive evaluation of the geographical origins of atmospheric pollution: Wind and trajectory analyses, Environ. Modell. Softw, vol.88, pp.183-187, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-01853423

M. Pikridas, I. Riipinen, L. Hildebrandt, E. Kostenidou, H. Manninen et al., New particle formation at a remote site in the eastern Mediterranean, J. Geophys. Res, vol.117, p.12205, 2012.

X. Querol, A. Alastuey, J. Pey, M. Cusack, N. Pérez et al., Variability in regional background aerosols within the Mediterranean, vol.9, pp.4575-4591, 2009.

X. Querol, J. Pey, M. Pandolfi, A. Alastuey, M. Cusack et al., African dust contributions to mean ambient PM 10 mass-levels across the Mediterranean Basin, Atmos. Environ, vol.43, pp.4266-4277, 2009.

M. Rinaldi, S. Gilardoni, M. Paglione, S. Sandrini, S. Decesari et al., Physico-chemical characterization of Mediterranean background aerosol at the Capogranitola observatory (Sicily), EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts, p.3161, 2017.

E. Sanchez-gomez, S. Somot, and A. Mariotti, Future changes in the Mediterranean water budget projected by an ensemble of regional climate models, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.36, p.21401, 2009.

C. Schembari, M. Bove, E. Cuccia, F. Cavalli, J. Hjorth et al., Source apportionment of PM 10 in the Western Mediterranean based on observations from a cruise ship, Atmos. Environ, vol.98, pp.510-518, 2014.

J. Schmale, J. Schneider, E. Nemitz, Y. S. Tang, U. Dragosits et al., Sub-Antarctic marine aerosol: dominant contributions from biogenic sources, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.13, pp.8669-8694, 2013.

J. Sciare, H. Bardouki, C. Moulin, N. Mihalopoulos, J. Sciare et al., Aerosol sources and their contribution to the chemical composition of aerosols in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea during summertime, ChArMEx database Data Policy, vol.3, p.16, 2003.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00328334

H. Siebert, B. Wehner, O. Hellmuth, F. Stratmann, M. Boy et al., New-particle formation in connection with a nocturnal low-level jet: Observations and modeling results, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.34, p.16822, 2007.

A. Sirois and J. W. Bottenheim, Use of backward trajectories to interpret the 5-year record of PAN and O 3 ambient air concentrations at Kejimkujik National Park, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.100, pp.2867-2881, 1995.

A. Stein, R. R. Draxler, G. D. Rolph, B. J. Stunder, M. Cohen et al., NOAA's HYSPLIT atmospheric transport and dispersion modeling system, B. Am. Meteorol. Soc, vol.96, pp.2059-2077, 2015.

A. Stohl, C. Forster, A. Frank, P. Seibert, and G. Wotawa, Technical note: The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART version 6.2, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.5, pp.2461-2474, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00295743

F. Stratmann, H. Siebert, G. Spindler, B. Wehner, D. Althausen et al., New-particle formation events in a continental boundary layer: first results from the SATURN experiment, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.3, pp.1445-1459, 2003.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00300992

M. D. Mallet, Chemical characterisation and source identification of atmospheric aerosols in the Snowy Mountains, south-eastern Australia, Summertime PM 1 composition and size in the remote Mediterranean Tadros, vol.630, pp.2891-2918, 2009.

B. Wehner, H. Siebert, A. Ansmann, F. Ditas, P. Seifert et al., World Health Organization: Ambient air pollution: A global assessment of exposure and burden of disease, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.10, pp.4319-4330, 2010.

H. Zhang, J. D. Surratt, Y. H. Lin, J. Bapat, and R. M. Kamens, Effect of relative humidity on SOA formation from isoprene/NO photooxidation: enhancement of 2-methylglyceric acid and its corresponding oligoesters under dry conditions, Atmos, Chem. Phys, vol.11, pp.6411-6424, 2011.

Q. Zhang, D. R. Worsnop, M. R. Canagaratna, and J. L. Jimenez, Hydrocarbon-like and oxygenated organic aerosols in Pittsburgh: insights into sources and processes of organic aerosols, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.5, pp.3289-3311, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00295800

Q. Zhang, J. L. Jimenez, M. R. Canagaratna, J. D. Allan, H. Coe et al., Ubiquity and dominance of oxygenated species in organic aerosols in anthropogenically-influenced Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.34, p.13801, 2007.

S. Zhou, S. Collier, J. Xu, F. Mei, J. Wang et al., Influences of upwind emission sources and atmospheric processing on aerosol chemistry and properties at a rural location in the Northeastern US, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos, vol.121, pp.11123-11142, 2016.

, Author(s) 2019to: Paola Formenti (paola.formenti@lisa.u-pec.fr)

. Msa-ooa,

. Lo-ooa,

. Mo-ooa,

. Minguillón and . Al, , 2015.

, ACSM Summer: 10.8 µg m -3 (OA: 61%, SO4 2-: 21%, NH4 + : 9%, NO3 -: 4%, chloride: 1%, BC: 5% Winter: 6.3 µg m -3 (OA: 43%, SO4 2-: 8%, NH4 + + NO3 -+chloride: 49% Summer: HOA (13%), 2012.

. Sv-ooa,

L. Winter,

, HOA (12%)

, BBOA (28%)

, OOA (59%)

A. L. Arndt-et, , 2017.

Q. , , vol.5

. Sv-ooa,

. Lv-ooa,

. Michoud and . Al, , 2017.

Q. , OA: 55%, SO4 2-: 27%, NH4 + : 13%, NO3 -: 5%), vol.8

, HOA (4%)

. Sv-ooa,

. Lv-ooa,

. Rinaldi and . Al, Cape Granitola, 2017.