Implementing a protocol for employing three-dimensional representations in archaeology (PETRA) for the documentation of neolithic funeral architecture in Western France
Résumé
Three-dimensional representation is now commonly used in archaeological studies of ancient structures and objects, and, a fortiori, in studies of the neolithic monumental funeral architecture of Western France. This research relies on mastering several scales of representation: engravings and the materials that are engraved, architecture, topography and the geographical area. However, the datasets produced by techniques such as LiDAR, photogrammetry, laser scans, and even structured-light 3D scans are very dense and difficult to process, and information cannot be extracted from them easily. Further, such documents are used for many purposes, some of which are contradictory: the same digital repository is used for research (for it allows for a maximal amount of information to be obtained), for communication (by producing lightweight representations for real-time display that are visually attractive to site visitors), and for the preservation of images of objects in their current states, along with information about the relations among datasets for future reference (which implies using file formats suitable for long-term retention to ensure that documents can be accessed in the future). This article seeks to present a functional workflow that integrates acquisition, processing, documentation, distribution and guidelines for archiving 3D archaeological data, with a workflow based almost exclusively on free and open-source software. To this end, the authors begin by considering the relationships among three-dimensional datasets, surveying and the documentation of historical sites and artifacts.
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