S. S. Lim, T. Vos, A. D. Flaxman, G. Danaei, K. Shibuya et al., A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study, Lancet, vol.380, issue.9859, pp.2224-60, 2010.

A. J. Cohen, M. Brauer, R. Burnett, H. R. Anderson, J. Frostad et al., Estimates and 25-year trends of the global burden of disease attributable to ambient air pollution: an analysis of data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study, Lancet, vol.389, pp.1907-1925, 2015.

M. W. Gorr, M. J. Falvo, and L. E. Wold, Air Pollution and other environmental modulators of cardiac function, Compr Physiol, vol.7, issue.4, pp.1479-95, 2017.

J. Li, S. Sun, R. Tang, H. Qiu, Q. Huang et al., Major air pollutants and risk of COPD exacerbations: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis, vol.11, pp.3079-91, 2016.

G. Weinreich, T. E. Wessendorf, N. Pundt, G. Weinmayr, F. Hennig et al., Association of short-term ozone and temperature with sleep disordered breathing, Eur Respir J, vol.46, issue.5, pp.1361-1370, 2015.

P. Orellano, N. Quaranta, J. Reynoso, B. Balbi, and J. Vasquez, Effect of outdoor air pollution on asthma exacerbations in children and adults: systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis, PLoS ONE, vol.12, issue.3, p.174050, 2017.

H. Behrendt, F. Alessandrini, J. Buters, U. Kramer, H. Koren et al., Environmental pollution and allergy: historical aspects, Chem Immunol Allergy, vol.100, pp.268-77, 2014.

C. Cingi, P. Gevaert, R. Mosges, C. Rondon, V. Hox et al., Multi-morbidities of allergic rhinitis in adults: European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Task Force Report, Clin Transl Allergy, vol.7, p.17, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01760907

S. Konishi, C. F. Ng, A. Stickley, S. Nishihata, C. Shinsugi et al., Particulate matter modifies the association between airborne pollen and daily medical consultations for pollinosis in Tokyo, Sci Total Environ, vol.499, pp.125-157, 2014.

G. D'-amato, S. T. Holgate, R. Pawankar, D. K. Ledford, L. Cecchi et al., Meteorological conditions, climate change, new emerging factors, and asthma and related allergic disorders. A statement of the World Allergy Organization, World Allergy Organ J, vol.8, issue.1, p.25, 2015.

G. Schiavoni, D. '-amato, G. Afferni, and C. , The dangerous liaison between pollens and pollution in respiratory allergy, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, vol.118, issue.3, pp.269-75, 2017.

U. Kanter, W. Heller, J. Durner, J. B. Winkler, M. Engel et al., Molecular and immunological characterization of ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) pollen after exposure of the plants to elevated ozone over a whole growing season, PLoS ONE, vol.8, issue.4, p.61518, 2013.

A. C. Motta, M. Marliere, G. Peltre, P. A. Sterenberg, and G. Lacroix, Traffic-related air pollutants induce the release of allergen-containing cytoplasmic granules from grass pollen, Int Arch Allergy Immunol, vol.139, issue.4, pp.294-302, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ineris-00963000

J. Bartra, J. Mullol, A. Del-cuvillo, I. Davila, M. Ferrer et al., Air pollution and allergens, J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol, vol.17, issue.2, pp.3-8, 2007.

J. P. Braat, P. G. Mulder, H. J. Duivenvoorden, G. Van-wijk, R. Rijntjes et al., Pollutional and meteorological factors are closely related to complaints of non-allergic, non-infectious perennial rhinitis patients: a time series model, Clin Exp Allergy, vol.32, issue.5, pp.690-697, 2002.

P. A. Steerenberg, E. W. Bischoff, A. De-klerk, A. P. Verlaan, L. M. Jongbloets et al., Acute effect of air pollution on respiratory complaints, exhaled NO and biomarkers in nasal lavages of allergic children during the pollen season, Int Arch Allergy Immunol, vol.131, issue.2, pp.127-164, 2003.

F. Brito, F. , M. Gimeno, P. Martinez, C. Tobias et al., Air pollution and seasonal asthma during the pollen season. A cohort study in Puertollano and Ciudad Real (Spain), Allergy, vol.62, issue.10, pp.1152-1159, 2007.

L. Heguy, M. Garneau, M. S. Goldberg, M. Raphoz, F. Guay et al., Associations between grass and weed pollen and emergency department visits for asthma among children in Montreal, Environ Res, vol.106, issue.2, pp.203-214, 2008.

S. P. Jariwala, S. Kurada, H. Moday, A. Thanjan, L. Bastone et al., Association between tree pollen counts and asthma ED visits in a high-density urban center, J Asthma, vol.48, issue.5, pp.442-450, 2011.

J. Bousquet, P. W. Hellings, I. Agache, A. Bedbrook, C. Bachert et al., ARIA 2016: care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle, Clin Transl Allergy, vol.6, p.47, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01822793

J. Bousquet, M. Bewick, S. Arnavielhe, E. Mathieu-dupas, R. Murray et al., Work productivity in rhinitis using cell phones: the MASK pilot study, Allergy, vol.72, issue.10, pp.1475-84, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01763854

J. Bousquet, D. P. Caimmi, A. Bedbrook, M. Bewick, P. W. Hellings et al., Pilot study of mobile phone technology in allergic rhinitis in European countries: the MASK-rhinitis study, Allergy, vol.72, issue.6, pp.857-65, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01813358

D. Caimmi, N. Baiz, L. K. Tanno, P. Demoly, S. Arnavielhe et al., Validation of the MASK-rhinitis visual analogue scale on smartphone screens to assess allergic rhinitis control, Clin Exp Allergy, vol.47, pp.1526-1559, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01753407

J. Bousquet, S. Arnavielhe, A. Bedbrook, J. Fonseca, M. Almeida et al., The ARIA score of allergic rhinitis using mobile technology correlates with quality-of-life: the MASK study, Allergy, vol.73, issue.2, pp.505-515, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02331715

Z. Csepe, L. Makra, D. Voukantsis, I. Matyasovszky, G. Tusnady et al., Predicting daily ragweed pollen concentrations using Computational Intelligence techniques over two heavily polluted areas in Europe, Sci Total Environ, pp.542-52, 2014.

N. R. Khwarahm, J. Dash, C. A. Skjoth, R. M. Newnham, B. Adams-groom et al., Mapping the birch and grass pollen seasons in the UK using satellite sensor time-series, Sci Total Environ, vol.578, pp.586-600, 2017.

R. Navares and J. L. Aznarte, Predicting the Poaceae pollen season: six monthahead forecasting and identification of relevant features, Int J Biometeorol, vol.61, issue.4, pp.647-56, 2017.

I. Silva-palacios, S. Fernandez-rodriguez, P. Duran-barroso, R. Tormo-molina, J. M. Maya-manzano et al., Temporal modelling and forecasting of the airborne pollen of Cupressaceae on the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, Int J Biometeorol, vol.60, issue.2, pp.297-306, 2016.

K. Bastl, M. Kmenta, A. M. Pessi, M. Prank, A. Saarto et al., First comparison of symptom data with allergen content (Bet v 1 and Phl p 5 measurements) and pollen data from four European regions during, Sci Total Environ, pp.229-264, 2009.

J. T. Buters, I. Weichenmeier, S. Ochs, G. Pusch, W. Kreyling et al., The allergen Bet v 1 in fractions of ambient air deviates from birch pollen counts, Allergy, vol.65, issue.7, pp.850-858, 2010.

D. Myszkowska and R. Majewska, Pollen grains as allergenic environmental factors-new approach to the forecasting of the pollen concentration during the season, Ann Agric Environ Med, vol.21, issue.4, pp.681-689, 2014.

L. A. De-weger, T. Beerthuizen, P. S. Hiemstra, and J. K. Sont, Development and validation of a 5-day-ahead hay fever forecast for patients with grass-polleninduced allergic rhinitis, Int J Biometeorol, vol.58, issue.6, pp.1047-55, 2014.

V. Konig and R. Mosges, A model for the determination of pollen count using google search queries for patients suffering from allergic rhinitis, J Allergy (Cairo), p.381983, 2014.

T. J. Willson, J. Lospinoso, E. Weitzel, and K. Mcmains, Correlating regional aeroallergen effects on internet search activity, Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, vol.152, issue.2, pp.228-260, 2015.

O. Zuckerman, S. H. Luster, and L. Bielory, Internet searches and allergy: temporal variation in regional pollen counts correlates with Google searches for pollen allergy related terms, Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, vol.113, issue.4, pp.486-494, 2014.

J. Bousquet, I. Agache, J. M. Anto, K. C. Bergmann, C. Bachert et al., Google Trends terms reporting rhinitis and related topics differ in European countries, Allergy, vol.72, pp.1261-1267, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01784791

J. Bousquet, R. E. O'hehir, J. M. Anto, D. '-amato, G. Mosges et al., Assessment of thunderstorm-induced asthma using Google Trends, J Allergy Clin Immunol, vol.140, issue.3, pp.891-894, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01760912

M. G. Kang, W. J. Song, S. Choi, H. Kim, H. Ha et al., Google unveils a glimpse of allergic rhinitis in the real world, Allergy, vol.70, issue.1, pp.124-132, 2015.

J. Bousquet, I. Agache, J. Anto, K. Bergmann, C. Bachert et al., Google Trends terms reporting rhinitis and related topics differ in European countries, Allergy, vol.72, issue.8, pp.1261-1267, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01784791

D. Leger, I. Annesi-maesano, F. Carat, M. Rugina, I. Chanal et al., Allergic rhinitis and its consequences on quality of sleep: an unexplored area, Arch Intern Med, vol.166, issue.16, pp.1744-1752, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00595810

J. Bousquet, J. Michel, T. Standberg, G. Crooks, I. Iakovidis et al., The European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing: the European geriatric medicine introduces the EIP on AHA column, Eur Geriatr Med, vol.5, issue.6, pp.361-363, 2014.

J. Bousquet, A. Addis, I. Adcock, I. Agache, A. Agusti et al., Integrated care pathways for airway diseases (AIRWAYS-ICPs), Eur Respir J, vol.44, issue.2, pp.304-327, 2014.

J. Bousquet, C. Barbara, E. Bateman, E. Bel, M. Bewick et al., AIRWAYS ICPs (European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing) from concept to implementation, Eur Respir J, vol.47, issue.4, pp.1028-1061, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01872376

J. Bousquet, J. M. Anto, K. Berkouk, P. Gergen, J. P. Antunes et al., Developmental determinants in non-communicable chronic diseases and ageing, Thorax, vol.70, issue.6, pp.595-602, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01263281

J. Bousquet, C. Barbara, E. Bateman, E. Bel, M. Bewick et al., AIRWAYS-ICPs (European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing) from concept to implementation, Eur Respir J, vol.47, issue.4, pp.1028-1061, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01872376

J. Bousquet, J. Farrell, G. Crooks, P. Hellings, E. H. Bel et al., Scaling up strategies of the chronic respiratory disease programme of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (Action Plan B3: area 5), Clin Transl Allergy, vol.6, p.29, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01821925

?. Fast, convenient online submission ? thorough peer review by experienced researchers in your field ? rapid publication on acceptance ? support for research data, including large and complex data types ? gold Open Access which fosters wider collaboration and increased citations maximum visibility for your research: over 100M website views per year

, Ready to submit your research ? Choose BMC and benefit from

J. Bousquet, M. Bewick, A. Cano, P. Eklund, G. Fico et al., Building bridges for innovation in ageing: synergies between action groups of the EIP on AHA, J Nutr Health Aging, vol.21, issue.1, pp.92-104, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01832951

J. Bousquet, R. Dahl, and N. Khaltaev, Global alliance against chronic respiratory diseases, Allergy, vol.62, issue.3, pp.216-239, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-01401204

J. Bousquet, H. J. Schunemann, J. Fonseca, B. Samolinski, C. Bachert et al., MACVIA-ARIA Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis (MASK-rhinitis): the new generation guideline implementation, Allergy, vol.70, issue.11, pp.1372-92, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02099381

G. Onder, K. Palmer, R. Navickas, E. Jureviciene, F. Mammarella et al., Time to face the challenge of multimorbidity. A European perspective from the joint action on chronic diseases and promoting healthy ageing across the life cycle (JA-CHRODIS), Eur J Intern Med, vol.26, issue.3, pp.157-166, 2015.

J. Bousquet, G. L. Onorato, C. Bachert, M. Barbolini, A. Bedbrook et al., CHRODIS criteria applied to the MASK (MACVIA-ARIA Sentinel NetworK) Good Practice in allergic rhinitis: a SUNFRAIL report, Clin Transl Allergy, vol.7, p.37, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01743108

L. Klimek, K. Bergmann, T. Biederman, J. Bousquet, and P. Hellings, Visual analogue scales (VAS): measuring instruments for the documentation of symptoms and therapy monitoring in allergic rhinitis in everyday health care. Position paper of the German Society of Allergology, Allergo J Int, vol.26, issue.1, pp.16-24, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01782629

J. Bousquet, O. Vandenplas, M. Bewick, S. Arnavielhe, A. Bedbrook et al., Work productivity and activity impairment allergic specific (WPAI-AS) Questionnaire using mobile technology: the MASK study, J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol, vol.28, issue.1, pp.42-46, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01753349

R. Bourret, J. Bousquet, J. Mercier, T. Camuzat, A. Bedbrook et al., MASK rhinitis, a single tool for integrated care pathways in allergic rhinitis, World Hosp Health Serv, vol.51, issue.3, pp.36-45, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01767848

J. Bousquet, S. Arnavielhe, A. Bedbrook, A. , G. et al., Treatment of allergic rhinitis using mobile technology with real world data: the MASK observational pilot study, Allergy, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02329777

E. Burte, J. Bousquet, V. Siroux, J. Just, B. Jacquemin et al., The sensitization pattern differs according to rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity in adults: the EGEA study, Clin Exp Allergy, vol.47, issue.4, pp.520-529, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-01509842

J. M. Anto, J. Bousquet, M. Akdis, C. Auffray, T. Keil et al., Mechanisms of the development of allergy (MeDALL): introducing novel concepts in allergy phenotypes, J Allergy Clin Immunol, vol.139, issue.2, pp.388-99, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01784524

J. Bousquet, I. Agache, M. R. Aliberti, R. Angles, I. Annesi-maesano et al., Transfer of innovation on allergic rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity in the elderly (MACVIA-ARIA)-EIP on AHA Twinning Reference Site (GARD research demonstration project), Allergy, vol.73, issue.1, pp.77-92, 2018.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01833325

O. Vandenplas, D. Vinnikov, P. D. Blanc, I. Agache, C. Bachert et al., Impact of Rhinitis on work productivity: a systematic review, J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract, issue.17, pp.30725-30725, 2017.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01743647

D. Liu, J. Armitstead, A. Benjafield, S. Shao, A. Malhotra et al., Trajectories of emergent central sleep apnea during CPAP therapy, Chest, vol.152, issue.4, pp.751-60, 2017.

S. Bailly, M. Destors, Y. Grillet, P. Richard, B. Stach et al., Obstructive sleep apnea: a cluster analysis at time of diagnosis, PLoS ONE, vol.11, issue.6, p.157318, 2016.

M. F. Mamzer, Regulation of French research: how to use it, Rev Med Interne, vol.38, issue.7, pp.427-436, 2017.

J. C. Bernhard and C. Latxague, Impact of the Jarde's law on research management, Prog Urol, vol.27, issue.6, pp.334-340, 2017.

A. Aristodimou, A. Antoniades, and C. S. Pattichis, Privacy preserving data publishing of categorical data through k-anonymity and feature selection, Healthc Technol Lett, vol.3, issue.1, pp.16-21, 2016.

, on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation). Official Organ of the European Union, REGULATION (EU) 2016/679 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27, 2016.

, Article 28 EU General Data Protection Regulation, 2018.

J. Bousquet, A. Cruz, and C. Robalo-cordeiro, Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is an under-recognized cause of uncontrolled asthma across the life cycle, Rev Port Pneumol, vol.22, pp.1-3, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01880825

M. Frohlich, M. Pinart, T. Keller, A. Reich, B. Cabieses et al., Is there a sex-shift in prevalence of allergic rhinitis and comorbid asthma from childhood to adulthood? A meta-analysis, Clin Transl Allergy, vol.7, p.44, 2017.

J. Bousquet, R. Bourret, T. Camuzat, P. Auge, J. Bringer et al., MACVIA-LR (Fighting Chronic Diseases for Active and Healthy Ageing in, a Success Story of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing, vol.5, pp.233-274, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01781516

A. Muraro, W. J. Fokkens, S. Pietikainen, D. Borrelli, I. Agache et al., European symposium on precision medicine in allergy and airways diseases: report of the European Union parliament symposium, Allergy, vol.71, issue.5, pp.583-590, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01885650

G. De-greve, P. W. Hellings, W. J. Fokkens, B. Pugin, B. Steelant et al., Endotype-driven treatment in chronic upper airway diseases, Clin Transl Allergy, vol.7, p.22, 2017.

J. Bousquet, J. M. Anto, M. Akdis, C. Auffray, T. Keil et al., Paving the way of systems biology and precision medicine in allergic diseases: the MeDALL success story, Allergy, vol.71, issue.11, pp.1513-1538, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01872911

J. Bousquet, C. Jorgensen, M. Dauzat, A. Cesario, T. Camuzat et al., Systems medicine approaches for the definition of complex phenotypes in chronic diseases and ageing. From concept to implementation and policies, Curr Pharm Des, vol.20, issue.38, pp.5928-5972, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01952751