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Article Dans Une Revue Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science Année : 2019

Geophysical and geochemical analysis of shallow gas and an associated pockmark field in Bantry Bay, Co. Cork, Ireland

Résumé

An integrated geophysical, geological, and geochemical investigation of seabed fluid venting was carried out in upper Bantry Bay, a large marine inlet on the southwest coast of Ireland. The results provide evidence of the seafloor venting of gas rich fluids, resulting in the formation of a pockmark field identified here for the first time. The pockmarks occur in an area where sub-bottom profiles provide evidence of chimney-like features interpreted to record upward gas migration through Quaternary sediments to the seafloor. Three vibrocores up to 6 m long were acquired in water depths of 24-34 m, two from the pockmark field and one from outside. Methane of predominantly biogenic origin was quantified in all three cores by headspace analysis of sediment sub-samples. Well-defined sulfate methane transition zones (SMTZs) were observed in two of the cores, the shallowest (1.25 m) inside the pockmark field and the other (3.75 m) outside. It is likely that an SMTZ occurs at the location of the third core, also within the pockmark field, although beneath the samples obtained during this study. Gas release possibly from a combination of various faulting mechanisms and shallow methanogenesis appears to drive diffuse pore fluid migration across wide areas, while focused flow through the pockmarks may be related to gas originating from the Owenberg River Fault and methanogenesis of pre-glacial lacustrine sediments preserved in a bedrock basin. Analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) and archaeal isoprenoid hydrocarbons was used to investigate the microbial ecology of these sediments. Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) may play a role in controlling release of CH4 to the water column and atmosphere in this shallow gas setting, potentially mediated by syntrophic sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) and anaerobic methanotrophic archaea (ANME).
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Dates et versions

hal-02272568 , version 1 (29-08-2019)

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Sean Jordan, Shane O'Reilly, Daniel Praeg, Dayton Dove, Lorenzo Facchin, et al.. Geophysical and geochemical analysis of shallow gas and an associated pockmark field in Bantry Bay, Co. Cork, Ireland. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 2019, 225, pp.106232. ⟨10.1016/j.ecss.2019.05.014⟩. ⟨hal-02272568⟩
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