N. Blondeau, H. Plamondon, C. Richelme, C. Heurteaux, and M. Lazdunski, K ATP channel openers, adenosine agonists and epileptic preconditioning are stress signals inducing hippocampal neuroprotection, Neuroscience, vol.100, pp.465-474, 2000.

T. M. Brambrink, T. Schneider, H. Noga, A. Astheimer, T. Gotz et al., Toleranceinducing dose of 3-nitropropionic acid modulates bcl-2 and bax balance in the rat brain: a potential mechanism of chemical preconditioning, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab, vol.20, pp.1425-1436, 2000.

J. Chen and R. Simon, Ischemic tolerance in the brain, Neurology, vol.48, pp.306-311, 1997.

J. Chen, R. L. Zhu, M. Nakayama, K. Kawaguchi, K. Jin et al., Expression of the apoptosis-e¡ector gene, Bax, is up-regulated in vulnerable hippocampal CA1 neurons following global ischemia, J. Neurochem, vol.67, pp.64-71, 1996.

M. Chopp, H. Chen, K. L. Ho, M. O. Dereski, E. Brown et al., Transient hyperthermia protects against subsequent forebrain ischemic cell damage in the rat, 1396^1398. NSC, vol.39, pp.9-10, 1989.

D. D. Fraser, K. Hoehn, S. Weiss, and B. A. Macviar, Arachidonic acid inhibits sodium currents and synaptic transmission in cultured striatal neurons, Neuron, vol.11, pp.633-644, 1993.

A. Hara, T. Iwai, M. Niwa, T. Uematsu, N. Yoshimi et al., Immunohistochemical detection of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in gerbil hippocampus following transient forebrain ischemia, Brain Res, vol.711, pp.249-253, 1996.

C. Heurteaux, V. Bertaina, C. Widmann, M. ;. Lazdunski, C. Heurteaux et al., K channel openers prevent global ischemia-induced expression of c-fos, c-jun, heat shock protein, and amyloid L-protein precursor genes and neuronal death in rat hippocampus, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90, 9431^9435, pp.4666-4670, 1993.

M. E. Kelly and D. C. Mcintyre, Hippocampal kindling protects several structures from the neuronal damage from kainic acid-induced status epilepticus, Brain Res, vol.634, pp.245-256, 1994.

T. Kirino, Delayed neuronal death in the gerbil hippocampus following ischemia, Brain Res, vol.239, pp.57-69, 1982.

T. Kirino, Y. Tsujita, A. Tamura, . 299^307, K. Kitagawa et al., Ischemic tolerance' phenomenon detected in various brain regions, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab, vol.11, pp.203-211, 1991.

S. J. Korsmeyer, Regulators of cell death, Trends Genet, vol.11, pp.101-105, 1995.

I. Lauritzen, N. Blondeau, C. Heurteaux, C. Widmann, G. Romey et al., Polyunsaturated fatty acids are potent neuroprotectors, EMBO J, vol.19, pp.1784-1793, 2000.

I. Lauritzen, J. R. De-weille, and M. Lazdunski, The potassium channel opener (3)-cromakalim prevents glutamate-induced cell death in hippocampal neurons, J. Neurochem, vol.69, pp.1570-1579, 1997.

A. Leaf, J. X. Kang, . 5^12, A. Leaf, J. X. Kang et al., Prevention of cardiac sudden death by N-3 fatty acids: a review of the evidence, J. Intern. Med, vol.240, pp.1-11, 1996.

F. Lesage, M. Lazdunski, . 793^801, F. Lesage, C. Terrenoire et al., Human TREK2, a 2P domain mechano-sensitive K+ channel with multiple regulations by polyunsaturated fatty acids, lysophospholipids, and Gs, Gi, and Gq protein-coupled receptors, Am. J. Physiol, vol.279, pp.28398-28405, 2000.

Y. Liu, H. Kato, N. Nakata, and K. Kogure, Temporal pro¢le of heat shock protein 70 synthesis in ischemic tolerance induced by preconditioning ischemia in rat hippocampus, Neuroscience, vol.56, pp.921-927, 1993.

E. Lopez, E. Pozas, R. Rivera, and I. Ferrer, Bcl-2, Bax and Bcl-x expression following kainic acid administration at convulsant doses in the rat, Neuroscience, vol.91, pp.1461-1470, 1999.

K. Nandagopal, T. M. Dawson, and V. L. Dawson, Critical role for nitric oxide signaling in cardiac and neuronal ischemic preconditioning and tolerance, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther, vol.34, pp.19-22, 2001.

T. S. Nowak, U. Bond, and M. J. Schlesinger, Heat shock RNA levels in brain and other tissues after hyperthermia and transient ischemia, J. Neurochem, vol.54, pp.451-458, 1990.

E. Paradis, H. Douillard, M. Koutroumanis, C. Goodyer, and A. Leblanc, Amyloid beta peptide of Alzheimer's disease downregulates Bcl-2 and upregulates bax expression in human neurons, J. Neurosci, vol.16, pp.7533-7539, 1996.

A. J. Patel, E. Honore, . 339^346, G. Paxinos, and C. Watson, Properties and modulation of mammalian 2P domain K+ channels, Trends Neurosci, vol.24, 1986.

H. Plamondon, N. Blondeau, C. Heurteaux, and M. Lazdunski, Mutually protective actions of kainic acid epileptic preconditioning and sublethal global ischemia on hippocampal neuronal death: involvement of adenosine A 1 receptors and K ATP channels, J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab, vol.19, pp.1296-1308, 1999.

W. A. Pulsinelli, J. B. Brierley, . 267^272, R. Reyes, I. Lauritzen et al., Immunolocalization of the arachidonic-acid and mechanosensitive baseline TRAAK potassium channel in the nervous system, Neuroscience, vol.10, pp.893-901, 1979.

M. Sasahira, T. Lowry, R. P. Simon, and D. A. Greenberg, Epileptic tolerance: prior seizures protect against seizure-induced neuronal injury, Neurosci. Lett, vol.185, pp.95-98, 1995.

K. Shimazaki, A. Ishida, and N. Kawai, Increase in bcl-2 oncoprotein and the tolerance to ischemia-induced neuronal death in the gerbil hippocampus, Neurosci. Res, vol.20, pp.95-99, 1994.

R. S. Sloviter and D. H. Lowenstein, Heat shock protein expression in vulnerable cells of the rat hippocampus as an indicator of excitationinduced neuronal stress, J. Neurosci, vol.12, pp.3004-3009, 1992.

K. Vass, M. L. Berger, T. S. Nowak, W. J. Welch, and H. Lassmann, Induction of stress protein HSP70 in nerve cells after status epilepticus in the rat, Neurosci. Lett, vol.100, pp.259-264, 1989.

R. A. Voskuyl, M. Vreugdenhil, J. X. Kang, and A. Leaf, Anticonvulsant e¡ect of polyunsaturated fatty acids in rats, using the cortical stimulation model, Eur. J. Pharmacol, vol.341, pp.145-152, 1998.

M. Vreugdenhil, C. Bruehl, R. A. Voskuyl, J. X. Kang, A. Leaf et al., Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate sodium and calcium currents in CA1 neurons, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, pp.12559-12563, 1996.

W. J. Welch, Mammalian stress response: cell physiology, structure/function of stress proteins, and implications for medicine and disease, Physiol. Rev, vol.72, pp.1063-1081, 1992.

Y. Xiao and X. Li, Polyunsaturated fatty acids modify mouse hippocampal neuronal excitability during excitotoxic or convulsant stimulation, Brain Res, vol.846, pp.112-121, 1999.

X. Zhang, L. Douglas, D. L. Gelowitz, C. Lai, A. A. Boulton et al., Gradation of kainic acid-induced rat limbic seizures and expression of hippocampal heat shock protein-70, Eur. J. Neurosci, vol.9, p.31, 1997.