Abstract : The transformation of coral reefs has profound
implicationsformillionsofpeople.However,theinteractive
effectsofchangingreefsandfishingremainpoorlyresolved.
Wecombineunderwatersurveys(271 000fishes),catchdata
(18 000 fishes), and household surveys (351 households) to
evaluate how reef fishes and fishers in Moorea, French
Polynesia responded to a landscape-scale loss of coral
caused by sequential disturbances (a crown-of-thorns sea
star outbreak followed by a category 4 cyclone). Although
local communities were aware of the disturbances, less than
20% of households reported altering what fishes they caught
or ate. This contrasts with substantial changes in the
taxonomic composition in the catch data that mirrored
changes in fish communities observed on the reef. Our
findingshighlightthatresourceusersandscientistsmayhave
very different interpretations of what constitutes ‘change’ in
these highly dynamic social–ecological systems, with broad
implications for successful co-management of coral reef
fisheries.