A Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics approach for thermo-capillary flows
Résumé
Interfacial-driven flows are important phenomena in many processes. In this article, we present a Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model for thermo-capillary flow driven by gradients of the surface tension. The model is based on the continuum surface force (CSF) approach including Marangoni forces. An incompressible SPH approach using (i) density-invariant divergence-free (DIDF), (ii) corrected SPH and (iii) particle shifting approaches for multi-phase systems is used for accurate results. We carefully validate the proposed model using several test cases. First, we demonstrate the effects of corrected SPH and particle shifting approaches using Taylor-Green vortex. Then, we study single-phase flow problems to validate correct implementation of boundary conditions, momentum and energy balance using lid-driven cavity, diffusive transport problem, and buoyancy-driven cavity test cases. Afterward, we investigate different multi-phase flow problems to validate normal and tangential component of the surface tension. Finally, we apply the model to thermo-capillary rise of a droplet due to a temperature gradient. We present a convergence study and compare the results with their counterparts obtained from OpenFoam software as well as Finite Volume method (FVM) reference from literature. We demonstrate that the proposed model is very accurate for thermo-capillary flow. The simulation results of the current SPH approach will be available online for the community. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd
Mots clés
Capillarity
Capillary flow
Finite volume method
Heat convection
Multiphase flow
Surface tension
Tantalum compounds
Continuum surface forces
Diffusive transport
Lid-driven cavities
Marangoni effects
Mesh-less methods
Smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Tangential components
Thermal convections
Hydrodynamics