Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans

M. Raghavan , M Steinrücken , M Harris , Stephan Schiffels , Michael Degiorgio , M Albrechtsen , M Valdiosera , M Ávila-Arcos , M Malaspinas , Anders Eriksson (1) , M Moltke , M Homburger , Jeff Wall , Omar Cornejo , M Moreno-Mayar , M Korneliussen , M Pierre , Rasmus Rasmussen , Paul Campos , Peter de Barros Damgaard , M. Allentoft , John Lindo , M. Metspalu , Carlos Rodríguez-Varela , M Mansilla , Celeste Henrickson , M Seguin-Orlando , M Malmström , M Stafford , M Shringarpure , M Moreno-Estrada , M. Karmin , Kristiina Tambets , Anders Bergström (2) , Yali Xue (3) , Vera Vera , Andrew Friend (4) , M Singarayer , Paul Valdes (5) , François Balloux (6) , M Leboreiro , M Vera , M Rangel-Villalobos , David Pettener , Donata Luiselli (7) , Loren Davis , M Heyer , Chris Zollikofer , M Ponce de León , M Smith , John Grimes , John Pike , John Deal , M Fuller , Bernardo Arriaza (8) , Vivien Standen , M. Luz , M Ricaut , M Guidon , Ludmila Osipova (9) , M. Voevoda , Olga Posukh , M Balanovsky , M. Lavryashina , M Bogunov , M Khusnutdinova , M. Gubina (10) , M Balanovska , M Fedorova , Sergey Litvinov , M Malyarchuk , M. Derenko , M. Mosher , David Archer , Jerome Cybulski , Barbara Petzelt , Joycelynn Mitchell , Rosita Worl , Paul Norman (11) , Peter Parham (11) , Brian M. Kemp (12) , Toomas Kivisild (13) , Chris Smith (14) , Manjinder S. Sandhu (15) , Michael Crawford , Richard Villems (16) , David Smith (17) , Michael Waters , Ted Goebel , John Johnson , Ripan Malhi , Mattias Jakobsson (18) , David Meltzer , Andrea Manica , Richard Durbin (19) , Carlos D. Bustamante (20) , Yun Song , Rasmus Nielsen (21) , Eske Willerslev (22) , M. Steinrucken , K. Harris , S. Rasmussen , A. Albrechtsen , C. Valdiosera , M. Avila-Arcos , S. Malaspinas , I. Moltke , J. Homburger , J. Moreno-Mayar , S. Korneliussen , T. Pierre , M. Rasmussen , P. Damgaard , E. Metspalu , R. Rodriguez-Varela , J. Mansilla , A. Seguin-Orlando , H. Malmstrom , T. Stafford , S. Shringarpure , A. Moreno-Estrada , A. Bergstrom , V. Warmuth , J. Singarayer , I. Leboreiro , J. Vera , H. Rangel-Villalobos , E. Heyer (23) , M. Ponce de Leon , V. Grimes , K. Pike (24) , M. Deal (25) , T. Fuller , F. Ricaut (4) , N. Guidon (26) , O. Balanovsky , Y. Bogunov , E. Khusnutdinova , E. Balanovska , S. Fedorova , B. Malyarchuk , J. Norman , M. Kemp , S. Malhi , J. Meltzer , S. Song (27)

1 IRF - Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala / Kiruna]
2 IRCAN - Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement
3 Human Evolution
4 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
5 School of Geographical Sciences [Bristol]
6 Edin. - University of Edinburgh
7 UNIBO - Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna = University of Bologna
8 Universidad de Tarapaca
9 Institute of Cytology and Genetics
10 School of Health Science, Higher Education Centre Novo mesto
11 Departments of Chemistry and of Structural Biology
12 Department of Anthropology
13 Leverhulme Centre for Human Evolutionary Studies University of Cambridge
14 Centre for Cybercrime and Computer Security [Newcastle]
15 Strangeways Research Laboratory
16 UAABC - Anthropologie Bio-Culturelle
17 HMS - Harvard Medical School [Boston]
18 Evolutionary Biology
19 The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute [Cambridge]
20 Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology
21 Dept Integrat Biol
22 Section for GeoGenetics
23 EAE - Eco-Anthropologie et Ethnobiologie
24 Department of Nuclear Medicine
25 LESIA (UMR_8109) - Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique
26 FUMDHAM - Fundaçao Museu do Homem Americano
27 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University

How and when the Americas were populated remains contentious. Using ancient and modern genome-wide data, we found that the ancestors of all present-day Native Americans, including Athabascans and Amerindians, entered the Americas as a single migration wave from Siberia no earlier than 23 thousand years ago (ka) and after no more than an 8000-year isolation period in Beringia. After their arrival to the Americas, ancestral Native Americans diversified into two basal genetic branches around 13 ka, one that is now dispersed across North and South America and the other restricted to North America. Subsequent gene flow resulted in some Native Americans sharing ancestry with present-day East Asians (including Siberians) and, more distantly, Australo-Melanesians. Putative "Paleoamerican" relict populations, including the historical Mexican Pericúes and South American Fuego-Patagonians, are not directly related to modern Australo-Melanesians as suggested by the Paleoamerican Model.

Domaines: Anthropologie biologique

M. Raghavan, M Steinrücken, M Harris, Stephan Schiffels, Michael Degiorgio, et al.. Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans. Science, 2015, 349 (6250), pp.aab3884-aab3884. ⟨10.1126/science.aab3884⟩. ⟨hal-02112773⟩