P. Ambastian, F. Fernex, M. Bernat, C. Parron, and J. Lecolle, High metal inputs to closed seas: the New Caledonia lagoon, Journal of Geochemistry Exploration, vol.59, pp.59-74, 1997.

G. Baptista, H. A. Kehrig, D. Beneditto, A. P. Hauser-davis, R. A. Almeida et al., Mercury, selenium and stable isotopes in four small cetaceans from the Southeastern Brazilian coast: Influence of feeding strategy, Environmental Pollution, vol.218, pp.1298-1307, 2016.

M. Barwick and W. Maher, Biotransference and biomagnification of selenium, copper, cadmium, zinc, arsenic and lead in a temperate sea grass ecosystem from Lake Macquarie Estuary, Marine Environmental Research, vol.56, pp.471-502, 2003.

G. Blackmore, Interspecific variation in heavy metal body concentrations in Hong Kong marine invertebrates, Environmental Pollution, vol.114, pp.303-311, 2001.

G. Blackmore and W. X. Wang, The transfer of cadmium, mercury, methyl mercury, and zinc in an intertidal rocky shore food chain, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.307, pp.91-110, 2004.

X. Bonnet, Long term field study of sea kraits in New Caledonia: fundamental and conservation issues, Integrative and Comparative Biology, vol.52, pp.281-295, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00706640

X. Bonnet, M. J. Briand, F. Brischoux, Y. Letourneur, T. Fauvel et al., , 2014.

, Anguilliform fish reveal large scale contamination by mine trace elements in the coral reefs of New Caledonia, Science of the Total Environment, vol.470, pp.876-882

M. J. Briand, X. Bonnet, C. Goiran, G. Guillou, and Y. Letourneur, Major sources of organic matter in a complex coral reef lagoon: identification from isotopic signatures (? 13 C and ? 15 N), PloS one, vol.10, issue.7, p.131555, 2015.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01303648

M. J. Briand, X. Bonnet, G. Guillou, and Y. Letourneur, Complex food webs in highly diversified coral reefs: insights from ? 13 C and ? 15 N stable isotopes. Food Webs, vol.8, pp.12-22, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01396908

M. J. Briand, Y. Letourneur, X. Bonnet, E. Wafo, T. Fauvel et al., Spatial variability of metallic and organic contamination of anguilliform fish in New Caledonia, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, vol.21, pp.4576-4591, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00959728

F. Brischoux, X. Bonnet, Y. Cherel, and R. Shine, Isotopic signatures, foraging habitats and trophic relationships between fish and seasnakes on the coral reefs of New Caledonia, Coral Reefs, vol.30, pp.155-165, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00546965

F. Brischoux, X. Bonnet, and R. Shine, Foraging ecology of sea kraits Laticauda spp. in the Neo-Caledonian Lagoon, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.350, pp.145-151, 2007.
DOI : 10.3354/meps07133
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00213422

L. Burke, K. Reytar, M. Spalding, and A. Perry, Reefs at risk revisited. DC: World Resources Institute, vol.130, 2011.

P. Bustamante, C. Garrigue, L. Breau, F. Caurant, W. Dabin et al., Trace elements in two odontocetes species (Kogia breviceps and Globicephala macrorhynchus) stranded in New Caledonia (South Pacific), Environmental Pollution, vol.124, pp.263-271, 2003.

P. Bustamante, P. Germain, G. Leclerc, and P. Miramand, Concentration and distribution of 210 Po in the tissues of the scallop Chlamys varia and the mussel Mytilus edulis from the coasts of Charente-Maritime (France), Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.44, issue.10, pp.997-1002, 2002.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00186632

P. Bustamante, V. Lahaye, C. Durnez, C. Churlaud, and F. Caurant, Total and organic Hg concentrations in cephalopods from the North Eastern Atlantic waters: Influence of geographical origin and feeding ecology, Science of the Total Environment, vol.368, issue.2-3, pp.585-596, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00179545

P. Bustamante, J. L. Teyssié, B. Danis, S. W. Fowler, P. Miramand et al., Uptake, transfer and distribution of silver and cobalt in tissues of the common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis at different stages of its life cycle, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.269, pp.185-195, 2004.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00186607

E. Callender and K. C. Rice, The urban environmental gradient: anthropogenic influences on the spatial and temporal distributions of lead and zinc in sediments, Environmental Science and Technology, vol.34, pp.232-238, 2000.

L. M. Campbell, R. J. Norstrom, K. A. Hobson, D. C. Muir, S. Backus et al., Mercury and other trace elements in a pelagic Arctic marine food web (Northwater Polynya, Bafin Bay), Science of the Total Environment, pp.247-63, 2005.

M. Canli and G. Atli, The relationships between heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn) levels and the size of six Mediterranean fish species, Environmental Pollution, vol.121, pp.129-136, 2003.

M. S. Cheung and W. Wang, Analyzing biomagnification of metals in different marine food webs using nitrogen isotopes, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.56, pp.2082-2105, 2008.

T. Chouvelon, J. Spitz, Y. Cherel, F. Caurant, R. Sirmel et al., Species and ontogenic-related differences in ? 13 C and ? 15 N values and Hg and Cd concentrations of cephalopods, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.433, pp.107-120, 2011.

T. Chouvelon, M. Warnau, C. Churlaud, and P. Bustamante, Hg concentrations and related risk assessment in coral reef crustaceans, molluscs and fish from New Caledonia, Environmental Pollution, vol.157, pp.331-340, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00339031

S. W. Fowler and J. L. Teyssié, Assimilation and excretion of selected heavy metals and radionuclides ingested by seastars, Radioprotection. Pt. 1. Inventories, behaviour and processes, vol.32, pp.317-322, 1997.

H. M. Guzmán and C. E. Jiménez, Contamination of coral reefs by heavy metals along the Caribbean coast of Central America (Costa Rica and Panama), Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.24, pp.554-561, 1992.

M. L. Harmelin-vivien, X. Bodiguel, S. Charmasson, V. Loizeau, C. Mellon-duval et al., Differential biomagnification of PCB, PBDE, Hg and Radiocesium in the food web of the European hake from the NW Mediterranean, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.64, pp.974-983, 2012.

M. L. Harmelin-vivien, D. Cossa, S. Crochet, D. Banaru, Y. Letourneur et al., Difference of mercury bioaccumulation in red mullets from the northwestern Mediterranean and Black seas, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.58, pp.679-685, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01833601

L. Hédouin, P. Bustamante, C. Churlaud, O. Pringault, R. Fichez et al., Trends in concentrations of selected metalloid and metals in two bivalves from the coral reefs in the SW lagoon of New Caledonia, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, vol.72, pp.372-381, 2009.

L. Hédouin, M. Métian, J. L. Teyssié, S. W. Fowler, R. Fichez et al., Allometric relationship in the bioconcentration of heavy metals by the edible tropical clam Gafrarium tumidum, Science of the Total Environment, vol.336, pp.154-163, 2006.

L. Hédouin, O. Pringault, P. Bustamante, R. Fichez, and M. Warnau, Validation of two tropical marine bivalves as bioindicators of mining contamination in the New Caledonia lagoon: Field transplantation experiments, Water Research, vol.45, pp.483-496, 2011.

D. Helsel, Much Ado About Next to Nothing: Incorporating Nondetects in Science, The Annals of Occupational Hygiene, vol.54, pp.257-262, 2010.

M. S. Holt, Sources of chemical contaminants and routes into the freshwater environment, Food and Chemical Toxicology, vol.38, pp.21-27, 2000.

, L'agriculture en tribu : poids et fonctions des activités agricoles et de prélèvement. Enquête de l'Institut agronomique néo-calédonien, vol.8, 2013.

. Isqg, Interim sediment quality guidelines, Environment Canada, vol.9, 1995.

N. Kress, H. Hornung, and B. Herut, Concentrations of Hg, Cd, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn in deep sea benthic fauna from the Southeastern Mediterranean Sea: A comparison study between fauna collected at a Pristine Area and at two Waste disposal sites, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.36, pp.911-921, 1998.

C. Lafabrie, G. Pergent, R. Kantin, C. Pergent-martini, and J. L. Gonzalez, Trace metals assessment in water, sediment, mussel and seagrass species -Validation of the use of Posidonia oceanica as a metal biomonitor, Chemosphere, vol.68, pp.2033-2039, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00618614

R. A. Lavoie, T. D. Jardine, M. M. Chumchal, K. A. Kidd, and L. M. Campbell, Biomagnification of mercury in aquatic food webs: a worldwide metaanalysis, Environmental Science and Technology, vol.47, pp.13385-13394, 2013.

E. R. Long, D. D. Macdonald, S. L. Smith, and F. D. Calder, Incidence of adverse biological effects within ranges of chemical concentrations in marine and estuarine sediments, Environmental Management, vol.19, pp.18-97, 1995.

S. N. Luoma, Processes affecting metal concentrations in estuarine and coastal marine sediments, pp.51-66, 1990.

K. J. Macek, S. R. Petrocelli, and B. H. Sleight, Considerations in assessing the potential for, and significance of, biomagnification of chemical residues in aquatic food chains, Aquatic Toxicology: Proceedings of the Second Annual Symposium on Aquatic Toxicology, 1979.

C. Marchand, M. Allenbach, and E. Lallier-vergès, Relationships between heavy metals distribution and organic matter cycling in mangrove sediments of Conception Bay, Geoderma, vol.160, pp.444-456, 2011.

X. Martínez-lladó, O. Gibert, V. Martí, S. Díez, J. Romo et al., Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and tributyltin (TBT) in Barcelona harbour sediments and their impact on benthic communities, Environmental Pollution, vol.149, pp.104-113, 2007.

M. Métian, P. Bustamante, L. Hédouin, and M. Warnau, Accumulation of nine metals and one metalloid in the tropical scallop Comptopallium radula from coral reefs in New Caledonia, Environmental Pollution, vol.152, pp.543-552, 2008.

M. Métian, E. Giron, V. Borne, L. Hédouin, J. L. Teyssié et al., The brown alga Lobophora variegata, a bioindicator species for surveying metal contamination in tropical marine environments, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.362, pp.49-54, 2008.

M. Métian, L. Hédouin, M. Eltayeb, T. Lacoue-labarthe, J. L. Teyssié et al., Metal and metalloid bioaccumulation in the Pacific blue shrimp Litopenaeus stylirostris (Stimpson) from New Caledonia: Laboratory and field studies, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.61, pp.576-584, 2010.

M. Métian, M. Warnau, T. Chouvelon, F. Pedraza, A. Rodriguez-y-baena et al., Trace element bioaccumulation in reef fish from New Caledonia: influence of trophic groups and risk assessment for consumers, Marine Environmental Research, pp.87-88, 2013.

X. S. Miao, A. L. Woodward, C. Swenson, and Q. X. Li, Comparative concentrations of metals in marine species from French Frigate Shoals, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.42, pp.1049-1054, 2001.

J. W. Moore and S. Ramamoorthy, Heavy metals in natural waters. Applied monitoring and impact assessment, vol.268, 1984.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4612-5210-8
URL : https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/bfm%3A978-1-4612-5210-8%2F1.pdf

M. C. Newman and M. G. Heagler, Allometry of metal bioaccumulation and toxicity, Metal Ecotoxicology: Concepts and Applications, pp.91-130, 1991.

M. C. Newman and M. Unger, Fundamentals of ecotoxicology, vol.480, 2003.
DOI : 10.1201/b17658

E. Nfon, I. T. Cousins, O. Järvinen, A. B. Mukherjee, M. Verta et al., Trophodynamic of mercury and other trace elements in a pelagic food chain from the Baltic Sea, Science of the Total Environment, vol.407, pp.6267-6274, 2009.

J. O. Nriagu, Arsenic in the environment: part 1 cycling and characterization, p.430, 1994.

F. Paez-osuna and C. Ruiz-fernandez, Trace metals in the Mexican shrimp Penaeus vannamei from estuarine and marine environments, Environmental Pollution, vol.87, pp.243-247, 1995.

C. Pergent-martini and G. Pergent, Marine phanerogams as a tool in the evaluation of marine trace-metal contamination: an example from the Mediterranean, International Journal of Environment and Pollution, vol.13, pp.126-147, 2000.

B. J. Peterson and B. Fry, Stable Isotopes in Ecosystem Studies, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, vol.18, pp.293-320, 1987.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.18.1.293

J. K. Pinnegar and N. V. Polunin, Differential fractionation of ? 13 C and ? 15 N among fish tissues: implications for the study of trophic interactions, Functional Ecology, vol.13, pp.225-231, 1999.

P. S. Rainbow, Trace metal concentrations in aquatic invertebrates: why and so what? Environmental Pollution, vol.120, pp.497-507, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/s0269-7491(02)00238-5

P. S. Rainbow, D. J. Phillips, and M. H. Depledge, The significance of trace metal concentrations in marine invertebrates: a need for laboratory investigation of accumulation strategies, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.21, pp.321-324, 1990.

D. J. Randall, D. W. Connell, R. Yang, and S. S. Wu, Concentrations of persistent lipophilic compounds in fish are determined by exchange across the gills, not through the food chain, Chemosphere, vol.37, pp.1263-1270, 1998.

J. B. Rasmussen, D. J. Rowan, D. R. Lean, and J. H. Carey, Food chain structure in Ontario lakes determines PCB levels in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and other pelagic fish, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol.47, pp.2030-2038, 1990.
DOI : 10.1139/f90-227

R. H. Richmond, Coral reefs: present problems and future concerns resulting from anthropogenic disturbance, American Zoologist, vol.33, pp.524-536, 1993.

C. M. Roberts, C. J. Mcclean, J. E. Veron, J. P. Hawkins, G. R. Allen et al., Marine biodiversity hotspots and conservation priorities for tropical reefs, Science, vol.295, pp.1280-84, 2002.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1067728

C. S. Rogers, Responses of coral reefs and reef organisms to sedimentation, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.62, pp.185-202, 1990.
DOI : 10.3354/meps062185

C. Rolff, D. Broman, C. Näf, and Y. Zebühr, Potential biomagnification of PCDD/Fs. New possibilities for quantitative assessment using stable isotope trophic position, Chemosphere, vol.27, pp.461-468, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0045-6535(93)90327-2

V. Roussiez, W. Ludwig, A. Monaco, J. L. Probst, I. Bouloubassi et al., Sources and sinks of sediment-bound contaminants in the Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean Sea): a multi-tracer approach, Continental Shelf Research, vol.26, pp.1843-1857, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00170779

S. Sañudo-willhelmy and R. Flegal, Anthropogenic silver in the Southern California Bight: a new tracer of sewage in coastal waters, Environmental Science and Technology, vol.26, pp.2147-2151, 1992.

M. A. Schlacher-hoenlinger and T. A. Schlacher, Differential accumulation patterns of heavy metals among the dominant macrophytes of a Mediterranean seagrass meadow, Chemosphere, vol.37, pp.1511-1519, 1998.

J. Tariq, M. Jaffar, M. Ashraf, and M. Moazzam, Heavy metal concentrations in fish, shrimp, seaweed, sediment, and water from the Arabian Sea, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.26, pp.644-647, 1993.

S. Tsakovski, B. Kud?ak, V. Simeonov, L. Wolska, G. Garcia et al., Relationship between heavy metal distribution in sediment samples and their ecotoxicity by the use of the Hasse diagram technique, Analytica chimica acta, vol.719, pp.16-23, 2012.

A. Turner and G. E. Millward, Suspended particles: their role in estuarine biogeochemical cycles, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, vol.55, pp.857-883, 2002.

S. M. Ullrich, T. W. Tanton, and S. A. Abdrashitova, Mercury in the aquatic environment: a review of factors affecting methylation, Critical reviews in environmental science and technology, vol.31, pp.241-293, 2001.

W. X. Wang, Interactions of trace metal and different marine food chains, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.243, pp.295-309, 2002.

W. X. Wang and N. S. Fisher, Delineating metal accumulation pathways for marine invertebrates, Science of the Total Environment, vol.237, pp.459-472, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/s0048-9697(99)00158-8

W. X. Wang and C. Ke, Dominance of dietary intake of cadmium and zinc by two marine predatory gastropods, Aquatic Toxicology, vol.56, pp.153-165, 2002.

N. S. Webster, R. I. Webb, M. J. Ridd, R. T. Hill, and A. P. Negri, The effects of copper on the microbial community of a coral reef sponge, Environmental Microbiology, vol.3, pp.19-31, 2001.

C. Wilkinson, . Townsville, D. R. Young, A. J. Mearns, T. K. Jan et al., Trophic structure and pollutant concentrations in marine ecosystems of southern California, CalCOFI Rep. XXI, pp.197-206, 1980.

M. A. Zayed, N. El-dien, F. A. Rabie, and A. A. , Comparative study of seasonal variation in concentrations in River Nile sediment, fish and water by atomic absorbtion spectrometry, Microchemical Journal, vol.49, pp.27-35, 1994.

L. Zhang and W. X. Wang, Significance of subcellular metal distribution in prey in influencing the trophic transfer of metals in a marine fish, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.51, pp.2008-2017, 2006.