Genomic insights into the origin of farming in the ancient Near East

Iosif Lazaridis; Dani Nadel; Gary Rollefson; Deborah Merrett; Nadin Rohland; Swapan Mallick; Daniel Fernandes; Mario Novak; Beatriz Gamarra; Kendra Sirak; Sarah Connell; Kristin Stewardson; Eadaoin Harney; Qiaomei Fu; Gloria Gonzalez-Fortes; Eppie R. Jones; Songül Alpaslan Roodenberg; György Lengyel; Fanny Bocquentin; Boris Gasparian; Janet Monge; Michael Gregg; Vered Eshed; Ahuva-Sivan Mizrahi; Christopher Meiklejohn; Fokke Gerritsen; Luminita Bejenaru; Matthias Blüher; Archie Campbell; Gianpiero Cavalleri; David Comas; Philippe Froguel; Edmund Gilbert; Shona M. Kerr; Peter Kovacs; Johannes Krause; Darren Mcgettigan; Michael Merrigan; D. Andrew Merriwether; Seamus O'Reilly; Martin B. Richards; Ornella Semino; Michel Shamoon-Pour; Gheorghe Stefanescu; Michael Stumvoll; Anke Tonjes; Antonio Torroni; James F Wilson; Loic Yengo; Nelli A. Hovhannisyan; Nick Patterson; Ron Pinhasi; David Reich

doi:10.1038/nature19310

Journal articles

Genomic insights into the origin of farming in the ancient Near East

Iosif Lazaridis ^{1, 2} Dani Nadel ³ Gary Rollefson ⁴ Deborah Merrett ⁵ Nadin Rohland ¹ Swapan Mallick ^{1, 2, 6} Daniel Fernandes ^{7, 8} Mario Novak ^{7, 9} Beatriz Gamarra ⁷ Kendra Sirak ^{7, 10} Sarah Connell ⁷ Kristin Stewardson ^{1, 6} Eadaoin Harney ^{1, 6, 11} Qiaomei Fu ^{1, 12, 13} Gloria Gonzalez-Fortes ¹⁴ Eppie R. Jones ¹⁵ Songül Alpaslan Roodenberg György Lengyel ¹⁶ Fanny Bocquentin ¹⁷ Boris Gasparian ¹⁸ Janet Monge ¹⁹ Michael Gregg ¹⁹ Vered Eshed ²⁰ Ahuva-Sivan Mizrahi ²⁰ Christopher Meiklejohn ²¹ Fokke Gerritsen ²² Luminita Bejenaru ²³ Matthias Blüher ²⁴ Archie Campbell ²⁵ Gianpiero Cavalleri ²⁶ David Comas ²⁷ Philippe Froguel ^{28, 29} Edmund Gilbert ²⁶ Shona M. Kerr ²⁵ Peter Kovacs ³⁰ Johannes Krause ³¹ Darren Mcgettigan ⁷ Michael Merrigan ³² D. Andrew Merriwether ³³ Seamus O'Reilly ³⁴ Martin B. Richards ³⁵ Ornella Semino ³⁶ Michel Shamoon-Pour ³³ Gheorghe Stefanescu ³⁷ Michael Stumvoll ³⁰ Anke Tonjes ³⁰ Antonio Torroni ³⁶ James F Wilson ^{38, 39} Loic Yengo ²⁸ Nelli A. Hovhannisyan ⁴⁰ Nick Patterson ² Ron Pinhasi ⁷ David Reich ^{1, 2, 6}

1 Department of Genetics [Boston]

2 BROAD INSTITUTE - Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard

3 Zinman Institute of Archaeology [Haifa]

4 Whitman College

5 SFU.ca - Simon Fraser University

6 HHMI - Howard Hughes Medical Institute [Boston]

7 UCD - University College Dublin [Dublin]

8 Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

9 Institute for Anthropological Research, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.

10 Emory University [Atlanta, GA]

11 OEB - Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology [Cambridge]

12 Department of Evolutionary Genetics

13 Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences

14 Biology and Evolution, University of Ferrara

15 Department of Zoology [Cambridge]

16 University of Miskolc

17 Ethnologie préhistorique

ArScAn - Archéologies et Sciences de l'Antiquité

18 NAS RA - National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia [Yerevan]

19 Penn Museum - University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology

20 israel Antiquities Authority

21 University of Winnipeg

22 Netherlands Institute in Turkey

23 Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași [Romania]

24 Clinic of Endocrinology and Nephrology [Leipzig]

25 University of Edinburgh

26 RCSI - Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland

27 Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF)

28 GI3M - Metabolic functional (epi)genomics and molecular mechanisms involved in type 2 diabetes and related diseases - UMR 8199 - UMR 1283

29 Imperial College London

30 Universityhospital of Leipzig

31 MPI-SHH - Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History

32 Genealogical Society of Ireland

33 Binghamton University [SUNY]

34 Genealogical Society of Ireland

35 University of Huddersfield

36 Università degli Studi di Pavia

37 Institutul de Cercetari Biologice

38 Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics [Edinburgh, U.K.]

39 MRC - MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine

40 Yerevan State University

Abstract : We report genome-wide ancient DNA from 44 ancient Near Easterners ranging in time between ~12,000 and 1,400 bc, from Natufian hunter–gatherers to Bronze Age farmers. We show that the earliest populations of the Near East derived around half their ancestry from a ‘Basal Eurasian’ lineage that had little if any Neanderthal admixture and that separated from other non-African lineages before their separation from each other. The first farmers of the southern Levant (Israel and Jordan) and Zagros Mountains (Iran) were strongly genetically differentiated, and each descended from local hunter–gatherers. By the time of the Bronze Age, these two populations and Anatolian-related farmers had mixed with each other and with the hunter–gatherers of Europe to greatly reduce genetic differentiation. The impact of the Near Eastern farmers extended beyond the Near East: farmers related to those of Anatolia spread westward into Europe; farmers related to those of the Levant spread southward into East Africa; farmers related to those of Iran spread northward into the Eurasian steppe; and people related to both the early farmers of Iran and to the pastoralists of the Eurasian steppe spread eastward into South Asia.

Document type :

Journal articles

Domain :

Humanities and Social Sciences / Archaeology and Prehistory

Complete list of metadatas

https://hal-univ-paris10.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02014294
Contributor : Administrateur Hal Nanterre <>
Submitted on : Monday, February 11, 2019 - 3:18:36 PM
Last modification on : Tuesday, January 19, 2021 - 11:08:58 AM

Genomic insights into the origin of farming in the ancient Near East

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