J. N. Argenson, X. Flecher, S. Parratte, and J. M. Aubaniac, Anatomy of the dysplastic hip and consequences for total hip arthroplasty, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.465, pp.40-45, 2007.

H. Liu, N. Xu, Y. Zhang, Y. Gu, J. Sun et al., Morphological study on proximal femur in adult patients with Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia of the hip and its clinical significance, Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi, vol.29, pp.931-936, 2015.

X. Flecher, S. Parrate, J. M. Aubaniac, and J. N. Argenson, Three-dimensional custom designed cementless femoral stem for osteoarthritis secondary to congenital dislocation of the hip, J Bone Joint Surg Br, vol.89, pp.1586-91, 2007.

F. Linde and J. Jensen, Socket loosening in arthroplasty for congenital dislocation of the hip, Acta Orthop Scand, vol.59, pp.254-261, 1988.

S. A. Yoder, R. A. Brand, D. R. Pedersen, O. 'gorman, and T. W. , Total hip acetabular component position affects component loosening rates, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.228, pp.79-87, 1988.

T. C. Doehring, H. E. Rubash, F. J. Shelley, L. J. Schwendeman, T. K. Donaldson et al., Effect of superior and superolateral relocations of the hip center on hip joint forces. An experimental and analytical analysis, J Arthroplasty, vol.11, pp.693-703, 1996.

X. Flecher, S. Parrate, N. Brassart, J. M. Aubaniac, and J. N. Argenson, Evaluation of the hip center in total hip arthroplasty for old developmental dysplasia, J Arthroplasty, vol.23, pp.1189-96, 2008.

W. Pagnano, A. D. Hanssen, D. G. Lewallen, and W. J. Shaughnessy, The effect of superior placement of the acetabular component on the rate of loosening after total hip arthroplasty, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.78, pp.1004-1018, 1996.

G. Hartofilakidis and T. Karachalios, Total hip arthroplasty for congenital hip disease, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.86, 2004.

T. Paavilainen, V. Hoikka, and K. A. Solonen, Cementless total replacement for severely dysplastic or dislocated hips, J Bone Joint Surg Br, vol.72, p.205, 1990.
DOI : 10.1302/0301-620x.72b2.2312556

URL : https://online.boneandjoint.org.uk/doi/pdf/10.1302/0301-620X.72B2.2312556

A. S. Ranawat, L. D. Dorr, and A. E. Inglis, Total hip arthroplasty in protusio acetabuli of rheumatoid arthritis, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.62, p.1059, 1980.
DOI : 10.2106/00004623-198062070-00002

J. J. Callaghan, E. A. Salvati, P. M. Pellicci, W. Jr, P. D. Ranawat et al., Results of revision for mechanical failure after cemented total hip replacement, 1979 to 1982. A two to five year follow-up, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.67, pp.1074-85, 1985.
DOI : 10.2106/00004623-198567070-00011

J. Charnley and J. A. Feagin, Low-friction arthroplasty in congenital subluxation of the hip, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.91, pp.98-113, 1973.

J. F. Crowe, V. J. Mani, and C. S. Ranawat, Total hip replacement in congenital dislocation and dysplasia of the hip, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.61, pp.15-23, 1979.

T. Paavilainen, V. Hoikka, and P. Paavolainen, Cementless total hip arthroplasty for congenital dislocated or dysplastic hips. Technique for replacement with a straight femoral component, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.297, pp.71-81, 1993.

A. Eskelinen, I. Helenius, V. Remes, P. Ylinen, K. Tallroth et al., Cementless total hip arthroplasty in patients with high congenital hip dislocation, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.88, pp.80-91, 2006.

O. Reikeras, J. E. Haaland, and P. Lereim, Femoral shortening in total hip arthroplasty for high developmental dysplasia of the hip, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.468, 2010.

G. Hartofilakidis, T. Karachalios, G. Georgiades, and G. Kourlaba, Total hip arthroplasty in patients with high dislocation: a concise follow-up, at a minimum of fifteen years, of previous reports, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.93, 2011.

M. Ollivier, M. P. Abedl, A. J. Krych, R. T. Trousdale, and D. J. Berry, Long-term results of total hip arthroplasty with shortening subtrochanteric osteotomy in Crowe IV developmental dysplasia, J Arthroplasty, vol.31, pp.1756-60, 2016.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01449544

D. Wang, L. L. Li, H. Y. Wang, F. X. Pei, and Z. K. Zhou, Long-term results of cementless total hip arthroplasty with subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy in Crowe Type IV developmental dysplasia, J Arthroplasty, vol.32, pp.1211-1220, 2017.

Y. H. Kim, H. S. Seo, and J. S. Kim, Outcomes after THA in patients with high hip dislocation after childhood sepsis, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.467, pp.2371-2379, 2009.

P. W. Yoon, J. I. Kim, D. O. Kim, C. H. Yu, J. J. Yoo et al., Cementless total hip arthroplasty for patients with Crowe type III or IV developmental dysplasia of the hip: two-stage total hip arthroplasty following skeletal traction after soft tissue release for irreducible hips, Clin Orthop Surg, vol.5, pp.167-73, 2013.

R. Binazzi, Two-stage progressive femoral lowering followed by cementless total hip arthroplasty for treating Crowe IV-Hartofilakidis Type 3 developmental dysplasia of the hip, J Arthroplasty, vol.30, pp.790-796, 2015.

A. M. Imbuldeniya, W. L. Walter, B. A. Zicat, and W. K. Walter, Cementless total hip replacement without femoral osteotomy in patients with severe developmental dysplasia of the hip: minimum 15-year clinical and radiological results, J Bone Joint Surg Br, p.96, 2014.

S. J. Lee, J. J. Yoo, and H. J. Kim, Cementless total hip arthroplasty involving trochanteric osteotomy without subtrochanteric shortening for high hip dislocation, Clin Orthop Surg, vol.9, pp.19-28, 2017.

D. T. Tsiampas, E. E. Pakos, G. C. Georgiadis, and T. A. Xenakis, Custom-made femoral implants in total hip arthroplasty due to congenital disease of the hip: a review, Hip Int, vol.26, pp.209-223, 2016.

J. N. Argenson, E. Ryembault, X. Flecher, N. Brassart, S. Parratte et al., Three-dimensional anatomy of the hip in osteoarthritis after developmental dysplasia, J Bone Joint Surg Br, vol.87, pp.1192-1198, 2005.

O. Husmann, P. J. Rubin, P. F. Leyvraz, B. De-roguin, and J. N. Argenson, Three-dimensional morphology of the proximal femur, J Arthroplasty, vol.12, pp.444-50, 1997.

P. J. Rubin, P. F. Leyvraz, J. M. Aubaniac, J. N. Argenson, P. Estüve et al., The morphology of the proximal femur: a three dimensional radiographic analysis, J Bone Joint Surg Br, vol.74, pp.28-32, 1992.

W. H. Harris, Traumatic arthritis of the hip after dislocation and acetabular fractures: treatment by mold arthroplasty. An end-result study using a new method of result evaluation, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.51, pp.737-55, 1969.

C. A. Engh and J. D. Bobyn, The influence of stem size and extent of porous coating on femoral bone resorption after primary cementless hip arthroplasty, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.231, pp.7-28, 1988.

T. A. Gruen, G. M. Mcneice, and H. C. Amstutz, Modes of failure" of cemented stemtype femoral components. A radiographic analysis of loosening, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.141, pp.17-27, 1979.

J. G. Delee and J. Charnley, Radiological demarcation of cemented socket in total hip replacement, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.121, pp.20-32, 1976.

B. Zicat, C. A. Engh, and E. Gokcen, Patterns of osteolysis around total hip components inserted with and without cement, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.77, pp.432-441, 1995.

R. A. Conn, L. Peterson, R. N. Stauffer, and D. Ilstrup, Management of acetabular deficiency; long-term results of bone grafting in the acetabulum in total hip arthroplasty, Orthop Trans, vol.9, p.451, 1985.

A. F. Brooker, J. W. Bowerman, R. A. Robinson, and L. H. Riley, Ectopic ossification following total hip replacement: incidence and a method of classification, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1973.

E. L. Kaplan and P. Meier, Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations, J Am Stat Assoc, vol.53, pp.457-81, 1995.

F. Linde, J. Jensen, and S. Pilgaard, Charnley arthroplasty in osteoarthritis secondary to congenital dislocation or subluxation of the hip, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.227, pp.164-71, 1988.

W. F. Mulroy and W. H. Harris, Acetabular and femoral fixation 15 years after cemented total hip surgery, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.337, pp.118-146, 1997.

F. Difazio, W. Y. Shon, E. A. Salvati, W. Jr, and P. D. , Long-term results of total hip arthroplasty with a cemented custom-designed swan-neck femoral component for congenital dislocation or severe dysplasia: a follow-up note, J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2002.

A. A. Stans, M. W. Pagnano, W. J. Shaughnessy, and A. D. Hanssen, Results of total hip arthroplasty for Crowe type III developmental hip dysplasia, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.348, pp.149-57, 1998.

T. Mutlu, H. Cicek, N. Yalcin, K. Kilicarslan, and Ü. Tuhanioglu, How do different designs of femoral stem affect total hip arthroplasty applied to Crowe type III and type IV dysplastic hips, Hip Int, vol.26, pp.374-383, 2016.

T. Kawai, C. Tanaka, M. Ikenaga, and H. Kanoe, Cemented total hip arthroplasty with transverse subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy for Crowe group IV dislocated hip, J Arthroplasty, vol.26, pp.229-264, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.arth.2010.03.029

H. Sofu, N. Kockara, S. Gursu, A. Issin, A. Oner et al., Transverse subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy during cementless total hip arthroplasty in Crowe type-III or IV developmental dysplasia, J Arthroplasty, vol.30, pp.1019-1042, 2015.

J. Charity, E. Tsidiris, A. Sheeraz, J. R. Howell, M. J. Hubble et al., Treatment of Crowe IV high hip dysplasia with total hip replacement using the Exeter stem and shortening derotational subtrochanteric osteotomy, J Bone Joint Surg Br, vol.93, pp.34-42, 2011.

Y. Hasegawa, T. Iwase, T. Kanoh, T. Seki, and A. Matsuoka, Total hip arthroplasty for Crowe type IV developmental dysplasia, J Arthroplasty, vol.27, pp.1629-1664, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.arth.2012.02.026

J. Zhu, C. Shen, X. Chen, Y. Cui, J. Peng et al., Total hip arthroplasty with a nonmodular conical stem and transverse subtrochanteric osteotomy in treatment of high dislocated hips, J Arthroplasty, vol.30, pp.611-615, 2015.

M. Kerboull, M. Hamadouche, and L. Kerboull, Total hip arthroplasty for Crowe type IV developmental hip dysplasia: a long-term follow-up study, J Arthroplasty, vol.16, issue.8, pp.170-176, 2001.

A. S. Klapach, J. J. Callaghan, K. A. Miller, D. D. Goetz, P. M. Sullivan et al., Total hip arthroplasty with cement and without acetabular bone graft for severe hip dysplasia. A concise follow-up, at a minimum of twenty years, of a previous report, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.87, pp.280-285, 2005.

W. Mu, D. Yang, B. Xu, A. Mamtimin, W. Guo et al., Midterm outcome of cementless total hip arthroplasty in Crowe IV-Hartofilakidis Type III developmental dysplasia of the hip, J Arthroplasty, vol.31, pp.668-75, 2016.

J. Numair, A. B. Joshi, J. C. Murphy, M. L. Porter, and K. Hardinge, Total hip arthroplasty for congenital dysplasia or dislocation of the hip. Survivorship analysis and long-term results, J Bone Joint Surg Am, vol.79, pp.1352-60, 1997.

A. Chougle, M. V. Hemmady, and J. P. Hodgkinson, Severity of hip dysplasia and loosening of the socket in cemented total hip replacement. A long-term follow-up, J Bone Joint Surg Br, vol.87, pp.16-20, 2005.

T. Kawai, C. Tanaka, and H. Kanoe, Total hip arthroplasty for Crowe IV hip without subtrochanteric shortening osteotomy e a long term follow up study, BMC Musculoskelet Disord, vol.15, p.72, 2014.
DOI : 10.1186/1471-2474-15-72

URL : https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/1471-2474-15-72

E. E. Pakos, K. S. Stafilas, A. E. Tsovilis, J. Vafiadis, N. Kalos et al., Long term outcomes of total hip arthroplasty with custom made femoral implants in patients with congenital disease of hip, J Arthroplasty, vol.30, pp.2242-2249, 2015.

P. Benum and A. Aamodt, Uncemented custom femoral components in hip arthroplasty. A prospective clinical study of 191 hips followed for at least 7 years, Acta Orthop, vol.81, pp.427-462, 2010.

T. Sakai, N. Sugano, K. Ohzono, S. B. Lee, and T. Nishii, The custom femoral component is an effective option for congenital hip dysplasia, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.451, pp.146-53, 2006.

P. Koulouvaris, K. Stafylas, T. Sculco, and T. Xenakis, Custom-design implants for severe distorted proximal anatomy of the femur in young adults followed for 4-8 years, Acta Orthop, vol.79, pp.203-213, 2008.

M. Akbar, G. Aldinger, K. Krahmer, T. Bruckner, and P. R. Aldinger, Custom stems for femoraldeformity in patients less than 40 years of age: 70 hips followed for an average of 14 years, Acta Orthop, vol.80, pp.420-425, 2009.

B. N. Edwards, H. S. Tullos, and P. C. Noble, Contributory factors and etiology of sciatic nerve palsy in total hip arthroplasty, Clin Orthop Relat Res, vol.218, pp.136-177, 1987.

S. Eggli, S. Hankemayer, and M. E. Müller, Nerve palsy after leg lengthening in total replacement arthroplasty for developmental dysplasia of the hip, J Bone Joint Surg Br, 1999.

M. Sonohata, M. Kitajima, S. Kawano, and M. Mawatari, Nerve palsy after total hip arthroplasty without subtrochanteric femoral shortening osteotomy for a completely dislocated hip joint, Open Orthop J, vol.10, pp.785-92, 2016.

H. Li, J. Xu, X. Qu, Y. Mao, K. Dai et al., Comparison of total hip arthroplasty with and without femoral shortening osteotomy for unilateral mild to moderate high hip dislocation, J Arthroplasty, vol.32, pp.849-56, 2017.