Real-Time Energy Management of Battery/Supercapacitor Electric Vehicles Based on an Adaptation of Pontryagin's Minimum Principle

Bao Huy Nguyen (1, 2) , Ronan German (2) , Joao Pedro Fernandes Trovao (1) , Alain Bouscayrol (2)

1 UdeS - Université de Sherbrooke
2 L2EP - Équipe Commande

The combination of batteries and supercapacitors is promising in electric vehicles context to minimize battery aging. Such a system needs an energy management strategy (EMS) that distributes energy in real-time for real driving cycles. Pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP) is widely used in adaptive forms to develop real-time optimization-based EMSs thanks to its analytical approach. This methodology leads to an off-line optimal solution which requires an extra adaptive mechanism for real-time applications. In this paper, a simplification of the PMP method is proposed to avoid the adaptation mechanism in real-time. This new EMS is compared to well-known conventional strategies by simulation. Furthermore, experimental results are provided to assess the real-time operation of the proposed EMS. Simulation and experimental results prove the advantages of the proposed approach by a reduction up to 50% of the batteries rms current on a real-world driving cycle compared to a battery-only EV. Index Terms-Energetic macroscopic representation, Energy storage system, Hardware-in-the-loop, Optimal control.

Domaines: Sciences de l'ingénieur [physics]; Energie électrique

Bao Huy Nguyen, Ronan German, Joao Pedro Fernandes Trovao, Alain Bouscayrol. Real-Time Energy Management of Battery/Supercapacitor Electric Vehicles Based on an Adaptation of Pontryagin's Minimum Principle. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, In press, pp.1-1. ⟨hal-01953209⟩