Robust cosmic-ray constraints on p-wave annihilating MeV dark matter
Résumé
We recently proposed a method to constrain $s$-wave annihilating MeV dark matter from
a combination of the Voyager 1 and the AMS-02 data on cosmic-ray electrons and positrons.
Voyager 1 actually provides an unprecedented probe of dark matter annihilation to
cosmic rays down to $\sim 10$ MeV, in an energy range where the signal is mostly immune to
uncertainties in cosmic-ray propagation. In this letter, we derive for the first time new
constraints on $p$-wave annihilation down to the MeV mass range using cosmic-ray data.
To proceed, we derive a self-consistent velocity distribution for the dark matter across the
Milky Way by means of the Eddington inversion technique and its extension to anisotropic systems.
As inputs, we consider state-of-the-art Galactic mass models including baryons and constrained
on recent kinematic data, allowing for both a cored or a cuspy halo. We then calculate the flux
of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons induced by $p$-wave annihilating dark matter and
obtain very stringent limits in the MeV mass range, robustly excluding cross sections greater
than $\sim 10^{-22}{\rm cm^3/s}$ (including theoretical uncertainties), about 5 orders of
magnitude better than current CMB constraints. This limit assumes that dark matter annihilation
is the sole source of cosmic rays, and could therefore be made even more stringent when reliable
models of astrophysical backgrounds are included.
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