Physical, mineralogical and mechanical characterization of ready-mixed clay plaster

R. Delinière (1, 2) , Jean-Emmanuel Aubert (1) , F. Rojat (2) , M. Gasc-Barbier (3)

1 LMDC - Laboratoire Matériaux et Durabilité des constructions
2 Cerema - Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement
3 Cerema Equipe-projet MOUVGS - Centre d'Etudes et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement - Equipe-projet MOUVGS

The use of clay plasters with or without plant fibers (straw, hemp or other) inside buildings is currently showing considerable growth in many countries. Despite this development, there are very few data in the literature on the characteristics of clay plasters. This paper deals with the characterization of five ready-mixed clay plasters from French brickworks using the recent German standard. The work essentially consisted in measuring the flow of fresh clay plasters and their characteristics after hardening (shrinkage, and compressive, flexural and adhesive strength). The characterization of the samples showed that the granular characteristics were practically the same and that the main difference concerned the nature of the clayey minerals they contained: four samples were essentially composed of montmorillonite, chlorite and illite whereas one was only composed of kaolinite. Despite this difference, the flow of fresh clay plasters and their characteristics after hardening (shrinkage, compressive and flexural strength) were very similar and were comparable to the values given by the standard. However, the measurement of the adhesive strength led to two significant problems: the dispersion of the values was very high and the results were markedly different from the values given by the standard. For these reasons, it seems necessary to complete and adapt the procedure for measuring adhesive strength and it could be interesting to develop new tests for the measurement of this important characteristic, either in the laboratory or on building sites.

Mots clés: Clay plasters; characterization; earthen construction; standardization; testing method

Domaines: Génie civil

R. Delinière, Jean-Emmanuel Aubert, F. Rojat, M. Gasc-Barbier. Physical, mineralogical and mechanical characterization of ready-mixed clay plaster. Building and Environment, 2014, 80, pp.11 - 17. ⟨10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.05.012⟩. ⟨hal-01876717⟩