Foxr1 is a novel maternal-effect gene in fish that is required for early embryonic success
Résumé
The family of forkhead box (Fox) transcription factors regulates gonadogenesis and embryogenesis, but the role of in reproduction is unknown. Evolutionary history of in vertebrates was examined and the gene was found to exist in most vertebrates, including mammals, ray-finned fish, amphibians, and sauropsids. By quantitative PCR and RNA-seq, we found that had an ovarian-specific expression in zebrafish, a common feature of maternal-effect genes. In addition, it was demonstrated using in situ hybridization that was a maternally-inherited transcript that was highly expressed even in early-stage oocytes and accumulated in the developing eggs during oogenesis. We also analyzed the function of in female reproduction using a zebrafish CRISPR/cas9 knockout model. It was observed that embryos from the -deficient females had a significantly lower survival rate whereby they either failed to undergo cell division or underwent abnormal division that culminated in growth arrest at around the mid-blastula transition and early death. These mutant-derived eggs contained dramatically increased levels of , a cell cycle inhibitor, and reduced , a component of mTOR and regulator of cell survival, which were in line with the observed growth arrest phenotype. Our study shows for the first time that is an essential maternal-effect gene and may be required for proper cell division and survival via the p21 and mTOR pathways. These novel findings will broaden our knowledge on the functions of specific maternal factors stored in the developing egg and the underlying mechanisms that contribute to reproductive success.
Origine : Accord explicite pour ce dépôt
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