A. Cryptococcal and M. Treatment-for-africa-[-acta-], A Phase III, Randomised, Controlled Trial for the Treatment of HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis: Oral Fluconazole Plus Flucytosine or One Week Amphotericin B-Based Therapy vs Two Weeks Amphotericin B-based Therapy, p.45035509, 2013.

F. Brito-santos, M. F. Ferreira, L. Trilles, M. M. Muniz, V. G. Veloso-dos-santos et al., Preheating of urine improves the specificity of urinary cryptococcal antigen testing using the lateral flow assay, PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, vol.16, issue.10, 2017.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005304.t001

L. W. Chang, W. T. Phipps, G. E. Kennedy, R. , and G. W. , Antifungal interventions for the primary prevention of cryptococcal disease in adults with HIV, Cochrane Database Syst. Rev, vol.20, 2005.

F. Dromer, S. Mathoulin-pelissier, A. Fontanet, O. Ronin, B. Dupont et al., Epidemiology of HIV-associated cryptococcosis in France (1985???2001), AIDS, vol.18, issue.3, pp.555-562, 1985.
DOI : 10.1097/00002030-200402200-00024

N. French, K. Gray, C. Watera, J. Nakiyingi, E. Lugada et al., Cryptococcal infection in a cohort of HIV-1-infected Ugandan adults, AIDS, vol.16, issue.7, pp.1031-1038, 2002.
DOI : 10.1097/00002030-200205030-00009

V. Le and . Sida, Activite de Lutte Contre le VIH, SIDA et Les IST au Cameroun: Rapport Annuel 2015. Antananarivo: Comite National de Lutte contre le VIH/SIDA, 2015.

, CrAg LFA Norman Available at: http://www. immy.com/products/lateral-flow-assays/crag-lfa, IMMY, 2017.

A. T. Jackson and C. M. Van-der-horst, : Cryptococcosis in AIDS: New Data but Questions Remain, Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol.62, issue.5, pp.588-589, 2016.
DOI : 10.1093/cid/civ936

J. N. Jarvis, N. Govender, T. Chiller, B. J. Park, N. Longley et al., Cryptococcal Antigen Screening and Preemptive Therapy in Patients Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in Resource-Limited Settings, Journal of the International Association of Physicians in AIDS Care, vol.53, issue.4, pp.374-379, 2012.
DOI : 10.1093/cid/cir379

J. N. Jarvis, T. S. Harrison, S. D. Lawn, G. Meintjes, R. Wood et al., Cost Effectiveness of Cryptococcal Antigen Screening as a Strategy to Prevent HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis in South Africa, PLoS ONE, vol.99, issue.10, 2013.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0069288.s001

J. N. Jarvis, S. D. Lawn, M. Vogt, N. Bangani, R. Wood et al., Screening for Cryptococcal Antigenemia in Patients Accessing an Antiretroviral Treatment Program in South Africa, Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol.48, issue.7, pp.856-862, 1086.
DOI : 10.1086/597262

S. W. Kapoor, K. A. Magambo, S. E. Kalluvya, D. W. Fitzgerald, R. N. Peck et al., Six-month outcomes of HIV-infected patients given short-course fluconazole therapy for asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia, AIDS, vol.29, issue.18, pp.2473-2478, 2015.
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000872

S. D. Lawn, A. D. Harries, X. Anglaret, L. Myer, and R. Wood, Early mortality among adults accessing antiretroviral treatment programmes in sub-Saharan Africa, AIDS, vol.22, issue.15, pp.1897-1908, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32830007cd

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inserm-00266588

E. Letang, M. C. Muller, A. J. Ntamatungiro, N. Kimera, D. Faini et al., Cryptococcal antigenemia in immunocompromised human immunodeficiency virus patients in rural Tanzania: a preventable cause of early mortality. Open Forum Infect. Dis. 2:ofv046. doi: 10 Asymptomatic serum cryptococcal antigenemia and early mortality during antiretroviral therapy in rural Uganda, Trop. Med. Int. Health, vol.12, pp.929-935, 1093.

N. Longley, J. N. Jarvis, G. Meintjes, A. Boulle, A. Cross et al., , 2016.

D. B. Meya, Y. C. Manabe, B. Castelnuovo, B. A. Cook, A. M. Elbireer et al., Cell Count ???100 Cells/??L Who Start HIV Therapy in Resource???Limited Settings, Cryptococcal antigen screening in patients initiating ART in South Africa: a prospective cohort study, pp.581-587, 1086.
DOI : 10.1086/655143

S. Mfinanga, D. Chanda, S. L. Kivuyo, L. Guinness, C. Bottomley et al., Cryptococcal meningitis screening and community-based early adherence support in people with advanced HIV infection starting antiretroviral therapy in Tanzania and Zambia: an open-label, randomised controlled trial, The Lancet, vol.385, issue.9983, pp.2173-2182, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60164-7

R. Micol, O. Lortholary, B. Sar, D. Laureillard, C. Ngeth et al., Prevalence, determinants of positivity, and clinical utility of cryptococcal antigenemia in Cambodian HIV-infected patients, 2007.

, J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr, vol.45, pp.555-559

R. Micol, A. Tajahmady, O. Lortholary, S. Balkan, C. Quillet et al., Cost-Effectiveness of Primary Prophylaxis of AIDS Associated Cryptococcosis in Cambodia, PLoS ONE, vol.43, issue.11, 2010.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0013856.s001

S. A. Mirza, M. Phelan, D. Rimland, E. Graviss, R. Hamill et al., The changing epidemiology of cryptococcosis: an update from population-based active surveillance in 2 large metropolitan areas, Clin. Infect. Dis, vol.3636, pp.789-794, 1086.

B. Morawski, D. Boulware, E. Nalintya, A. Kiragga, F. Kazooza et al., Pre-art cryptococcal antigen titer associated with preemptive fluconazole failure, Proceedings of the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, p.64, 2016.

L. Pac, M. M. Horwitz, A. M. Namutebi, B. J. Auerbach, A. Semeere et al., Implementation and Operational Research, JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol.68, issue.5, 2015.
DOI : 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000527

, Immune Defic. Syndr, vol.68, pp.69-76

R. Parkes-ratanshi, K. Wakeham, J. Levin, D. Namusoke, J. Whitworth et al., Primary prophylaxis of cryptococcal disease with fluconazole in HIV-positive Ugandan adults: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial, The Lancet Infectious Diseases, vol.11, issue.12, pp.933-941, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70245-6

R. Rajasingham and D. R. Boulware, HIV care: ART adherence support and cryptococcal screening, The Lancet, vol.385, issue.9983, pp.2128-2129, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60455-X

R. Rajasingham, D. B. Meya, and D. R. Boulware, Integrating Cryptococcal Antigen Screening and Pre-Emptive Treatment into Routine HIV Care, JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol.59, issue.5, 2012.
DOI : 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31824c837e

URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3311156?pdf=render

, J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr, vol.59, pp.85-91

R. Rajasingham, R. M. Smith, B. J. Park, J. N. Jarvis, N. P. Govender et al., Global burden of disease of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: an updated analysis, The Lancet Infectious Diseases, vol.17, issue.8, pp.873-881, 2017.
DOI : 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30243-8

C. Rothe, D. J. Sloan, P. Goodson, J. Chikafa, M. Mukaka et al., A Prospective Longitudinal Study of the Clinical Outcomes from Cryptococcal Meningitis following Treatment Induction with 800 mg Oral Fluconazole in Blantyre, Malawi, PLoS ONE, vol.53, issue.(1), 2013.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0067311.t002

M. J. Siedner, C. K. Ng, I. V. Bassett, I. T. Katz, D. R. Bangsberg et al., Trends in CD4 count at presentation to care and treatment initiation in sub-Saharan Africa: a meta-analysis Prevalence of cryptococcal antigenemia and cost-effectiveness of a cryptococcal antigen screening program? Vietnam, Clin. Infect. Dis. PLoS One, vol.60, issue.8, pp.1120-1127, 2002.

C. Sriruttan, R. Wake, I. Rukasha, D. Glencross, L. Coetzee et al., Comparison of a Novel Semi-Quantitative Prototype and a Commercial Lateral Flow Assay for Detection of Cryptococcal Antigen from Thawed Whole Blood Samples, 2016.

, Rapid Advice: Diagnosis, Prevention and Management of Cryptococcal Disease in HIV-Infected Adults, Adolescents and Children, World Health Organization Geneva: WHO, 2011.

, Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach, World Health Organization, 2016.