D. P. H?-ader, H. D. Kumar, R. C. Smith, and R. C. Worrest, Effects of solar UV radiation on aquatic ecosystems and interactions with climate change, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., vol.82, issue.3, pp.267-285, 2007.
DOI : 10.1562/2006-02-23-RA-810

D. Antoine, M. Babin, J. F. Berthon, A. Bricaud, B. Gentili et al., Shedding Light on the Sea: Andr?? Morel's Legacy to Optical Oceanography, Annual Review of Marine Science, vol.6, issue.1, pp.1-21, 2014.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135135
URL : http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135135

B. Mostajir, S. Demers, S. J. Mora, R. P. Bukata, and J. H. Jerome, Implications of UV radiation for the food web structure and consequences on the carbon flow, The Effects of UV Radiation in the Marine Environment (Edited by S. de Mora, S. Demers and M. Vernet), pp.310-320, 2000.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511535444.012

W. H. Jeffrey, P. Aas, M. M. Lyons, R. B. Coffin, R. Pledger et al., Ambient Solar Radiation-Induced Photodamage in Marine Bacterioplankton, Photochemistry and Photobiology, vol.61, issue.3, pp.419-427, 1996.
DOI : 10.1038/365836a0

W. F. Vincent and P. J. Neale, Mechanisms of UV damage to aquatic organisms In The Effects of UV Radiation in the Marine Environment, pp.149-176, 2000.

V. E. Villafane, P. J. Janknegt, M. De-graaff, J. W. Visser, W. H. Van-de-poll et al., UVR-induced photoinhibition of summer marine phytoplankton communities from Patagonia, Marine Biology, vol.26, issue.3, pp.1021-1029, 2008.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511535444.010

C. Ruiz-gonz-alez, T. Lefort, M. Gal-i, M. M. Sala, R. Sommaruga et al., Seasonal patterns in the sunlight sensitivity of bacterioplankton from Mediterranean surface coastal waters, FEMS Microbiology Ecology, vol.10, issue.3, pp.661-674, 2012.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.00975.x

D. P. H?-ader and R. P. Sinha, Solar ultraviolet radiation-induced DNA damage in aquatic organisms: potential environmental impact, Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis, vol.571, issue.1-2, pp.221-223, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.11.017

F. Joux, W. H. Jeffrey, P. Lebaron, and D. L. Mitchell, Marine bacterial isolates display diverse responses to UV-B radiation, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, vol.65, pp.3820-3827, 1999.

E. C. Friedberg, DNA damage and repair, Nature, vol.75, issue.6921, pp.436-440, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90331-J

R. P. Rastogi, S. P. Singh, D. P. , and R. P. Sinha, Ultraviolet-B-induced DNA damage and photorepair in the cyanobacterium Anabaena variabilis PCC 7937, Environmental and Experimental Botany, vol.74, pp.280-288, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.06.010

K. Mopper and D. J. Kieber, Photochemistry and the cycling of carbon, sulphur, nitrogen and phosphorus, Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, pp.455-507, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/b978-012323841-2/50011-7

P. Boelen, M. J. Veldhuis, and A. G. Buma, Accumulation and removal of UVBR-induced DNA damage in marine tropical plankton subjected to mixed and simulated non-mixed conditions, Aquatic Microbial Ecology, vol.24, pp.265-274, 2001.
DOI : 10.3354/ame024265
URL : http://www.int-res.com/articles/ame/24/a024p265.pdf

A. Morel, H. Claustre, D. Antoine, and B. Gentili, Natural variability of bio-optical properties in Case 1 waters: attenuation and reflectance within the visible and near-UV spectral domains, as observed in South Pacific and Mediterranean waters, Biogeosciences, vol.4, issue.5, pp.913-925, 2007.
DOI : 10.5194/bg-4-913-2007
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00330330

J. T. Kirk, Light and Photosynthesis in Aquatic Ecosystems, 1994.

V. A. Lutz, S. Sathyendranath, and E. J. Head, Absorption coefficient of phytoplankton:regional variations in the North Atlantic, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.135, pp.197-213, 1996.
DOI : 10.3354/meps135197

C. Dupouy, H. Loisel, J. Neveux, S. L. Brown, C. Moulin et al., Microbial absorption and backscattering coefficients from in situ and POLDER satellite data during an El Ni??o???Southern Oscillation cold phase in the equatorial Pacific (180??), Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.36, issue.C12, p.8138, 2003.
DOI : 10.1364/AO.40.002929

A. Bricaud, H. Claustre, J. Ras, and K. Oubelkheir, Natural variability of phytoplanktonic absorption in oceanic waters: Influence Photochemistry and Photobiology 9, 2004.
DOI : 10.1029/2004jc002419
URL : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2004JC002419/pdf

, of the size structure of algal populations, J. Geophys. Res, vol.109, 11010.

A. Bricaud, A. Morel, and L. Prieur, Absorption by dissolved organic matter of the sea (yellow substance) in the UV and visible domains1, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.26, issue.1, pp.43-53, 1981.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.1981.26.1.0043

N. B. Nelson, D. A. Siegel, and A. R. Michaels, Temporal dynamics of colored dissolved material in the Sargasso Sea. Deep- Sea Res, pp.931-957, 1998.

C. M. Swan, D. A. Siegel, N. B. Nelson, C. A. Carlson, and E. Nasir, Biogeochemical and hydrographic controls on chromophoric dissolved organic matter distribution in the Pacific Ocean, Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers, vol.56, issue.12, pp.2175-2192, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dsr.2009.09.002

G. H. Tilstone, S. W. Peters, H. J. Van-derwoerd, M. A. Eleveld, K. Ruddick et al., Variability in specific-absorption properties and their use in a semi-analytical ocean colour algorithm for MERIS in North Sea and Western English Channel Coastal Waters, Remote Sensing of Environment, vol.118, pp.320-338, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2011.11.019

D. A. Siegel, S. Maritorena, N. B. Nelson, D. A. Hansell, and M. Lorenzi-kayser, Global distribution and dynamics of colored dissolved and detrital organic materials, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.46, issue.C12, p.3228, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1011-1344(98)00186-9
URL : http://www.icess.ucsb.edu/~davey/MyPapers/Siegel_etal_JGR_2002_GlobalCDOM.pdf

D. A. Siegel, S. Maritorena, N. B. Nelson, and M. J. Behrenfeld, Independence and interdependencies among global ocean color properties: Reassessing the bio-optical assumption, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.7, issue.C10, p.7011, 2005.
DOI : 10.1093/icesjms/18.3.287
URL : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2004JC002527/pdf

M. Tedetti, B. Charri-ere, A. Bricaud, J. Para, P. Raimbault et al., Distribution of normalized waterleaving radiances at UV and visible wave bands in relation with chlorophyll a and colored detrital matter content in the southeast Pacific, J. Geophys. Res, vol.115, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00456621

N. B. Nelson and D. A. Siegel, The Global Distribution and Dynamics of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter, Annual Review of Marine Science, vol.5, issue.1, pp.447-476, 2013.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev-marine-120710-100751

A. Vasilkov, N. Krotkov, J. Herman, C. Mc-clain, K. Arrigo et al., Global mapping of underwater UV irradiances and DNA-weighted exposures using Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer and Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor data products, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.21, issue.9, pp.27205-27219, 2001.
DOI : 10.1029/94GL03083

G. Seckmeyer, D. Pissulla, M. Glandorf, D. Henriques, B. Johnsen et al., Variability of UV Irradiance in Europe, Photochemistry and Photobiology, vol.24, issue.0, pp.172-179, 2008.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a033243
URL : http://www.ino.it/home/pwwerle/Download/2008-PHP.pdf

M. Group, Marine ecosystems' responses to climatic and anthropogenic forcings in the Mediterranean, Progr. Oceanogr, vol.91, pp.593-594, 2011.

V. Vantrepotte and F. Melin, Temporal variability in SeaWiFS derived apparent optical properties in European seas, Continental Shelf Research, vol.30, issue.3-4, pp.319-334, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.csr.2009.11.012

H. Claustre and S. Maritorena, OCEAN SCIENCE: The Many Shades of Ocean Blue, Science, vol.302, issue.5650, pp.1514-1515, 2003.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1092704

Z. P. Lee and C. Hu, Global distribution of Case-1 waters: An analysis from SeaWiFS measurements, Remote Sensing of Environment, vol.101, issue.2, pp.270-276, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2005.11.008
URL : http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA449277&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf

A. Morel and B. Gentili, The dissolved yellow substance and the shades of blue in the Mediterranean Sea, Biogeosciences, vol.6, issue.11, pp.2625-2636, 2009.
DOI : 10.5194/bg-6-2625-2009

H. Loisel, V. Vantrepotte, K. Norkvist, X. Eriaux, M. Kheireddine et al., Characterization of the bio-optical anomaly and diurnal variability of particulate matter, as seen from scattering and backscattering coefficients, in ultra-oligotrophic eddies of the Mediterranean Sea, Biogeosciences, vol.8, issue.11, pp.3295-3317, 2011.
DOI : 10.1364/OE.17.005698
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00688006

N. Stambler, Underwater light field of the Mediterranean Sea, Life in the Mediterranean Sea: A Look at Habitat Changes, pp.175-199, 2012.

H. Claustre, A. Morel, S. B. Hooker, M. Babin, D. Antoine et al., Is desert dust making oligotrophic waters greener?, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.37, issue.10, p.1469, 2002.
DOI : 10.1364/AO.37.006525
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00702800

A. Morel, H. Gentili, M. Claustre, A. Babin, J. Bricaud et al., Optical properties of the ???clearest??? natural waters, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.52, issue.1, pp.217-229, 2007.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2007.52.1.0217
URL : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.4319/lo.2007.52.1.0217/pdf

R. Semp-er-e, B. Charri-ere, G. Cauwet, and F. Van-wambeke, Carbon inputs of the Rh??ne River to the Mediterranean Sea: Biogeochemical implications, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.161, issue.17, pp.669-681, 2000.
DOI : 10.3354/meps161255

D. Antoine, F. D. Ortenzio, S. B. Hooker, G. Ecu, B. Gentili et al., Assessment of uncertainty in the ocean reflectance determined by three satellite ocean color sensors (MERIS, SeaWiFS and MODIS-A) at an offshore site in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE project), Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.33, issue.11, p.7013, 2008.
DOI : 10.1029/2007JC004472

O. Dubovik and M. D. King, A flexible inversion algorithm for retrieval of aerosol optical properties from Sun and sky radiance measurements, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.103, issue.2, pp.20673-20696, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/98JD01211

B. N. Holben, T. F. Eck, I. Slutsker, D. Tanr-e, J. P. Buis et al., AERONET???A Federated Instrument Network and Data Archive for Aerosol Characterization, Remote Sensing of Environment, vol.66, issue.1, pp.1-16, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0034-4257(98)00031-5
URL : http://capita.wustl.edu/Capita/CapitaReports/CoRetriaval/AERONET.pdf

M. Tedetti, R. Semp-er-e, A. Vasilkov, B. Charri-ere, D. Erini et al., High penetration of ultraviolet radiation in the south east Pacific waters, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.43, issue.12, 2007.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511535444.002
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00691309

J. Para, B. Charri-ere, A. Matsuoka, W. L. Miller, J. F. Rontani et al., UV/PAR radiation and DOM properties in surface coastal waters of the Canadian shelf of the Beaufort Sea during summer 2009, Biogeosciences, vol.10, issue.4, pp.2761-2774, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s10236-010-0365-4

R. J. Zaneveld, E. Boss, and A. Barnard, Influence of surface waves on measured and modeled irradiance profiles, Applied Optics, vol.40, issue.9, pp.1442-1449, 2001.
DOI : 10.1364/AO.40.001442

R. Smith and C. Baker, The Analysis Of Ocean Optical Data, Ocean Optics VII, pp.119-126, 1984.
DOI : 10.1117/12.943295

Z. Jin, T. P. Charlock, W. L. Smith, and K. Rutledge, A parameterization of ocean surface albedo, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.122, issue.22, p.31, 2004.
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49712253204

F. Van-wambeke, M. Tedetti, S. Duhamel, and R. Semp-er-e, Diel variability of heterotrophic bacterial production and underwater UV doses in the eastern South Pacific, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.387, pp.97-108, 2009.
DOI : 10.3354/meps08075
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00412231

P. Boelen, M. K. De-boer, G. W. Kraay, M. J. Veldhuis, and A. G. Buma, UVBR-induced DNA damage in natural marine picoplankton assemblages in the tropical Atlantic Ocean, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.193, pp.1-9, 2000.
DOI : 10.3354/meps193001
URL : http://www.int-res.com/articles/meps/193/m193p001.pdf

C. E. Williamson, P. J. Neale, G. Grad, H. J. De-lange, and B. R. Hargreaves, BENEFICIAL AND DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS OF UV ON AQUATIC ORGANISMS: IMPLICATIONS OF SPECTRAL VARIATION, Ecological Applications, vol.11, issue.6, pp.1843-1857, 2001.
DOI : 10.1038/381141a0

D. Sa, E. J. , R. G. Steward, A. Vodacek, N. V. Blough et al., Determining optical absorption of colored dissolved organic matter in seawater with a liquid capillary waveguide, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.44, issue.4, pp.1142-1148, 1999.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.1999.44.4.1142

J. R. Helms, A. Stubbins, J. D. Ritchie, E. C. Minor, D. J. Kieber et al., Absorption spectral slopes and slope ratios as indicators of molecular weight, source, and photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic matter, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.53, issue.3, pp.955-969, 2008.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2008.53.3.0955

R. Sohrin and R. Semp-er-e, Temporal variation in total organic carbon in the Northeast Atlantic in, J. Geophys. Res, vol.110, pp.10-90, 2000.

J. Para, P. G. Coble, B. Charri-ere, M. Tedetti, C. Fontana et al., Fluorescence and absorption properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in coastal surface waters of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, influence of the Rh??ne River, Biogeosciences, vol.7, issue.12, pp.4083-4103, 2010.
DOI : 10.5194/bg-7-4083-2010

I. L. Pairaud, J. Gatti, N. Bensoussan, R. Verney, and P. Garreau, Hydrology and circulation in a coastal area off Marseille: Validation of a nested 3D model with observations, Journal of Marine Systems, vol.88, issue.1, pp.20-33, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2011.02.010

M. Fraysse, I. Pairaud, O. N. Ross, V. M. Faure, and C. Pinazo, Intrusion of Rhone River diluted water into the Bay of Marseille: Generation processes and impacts on ecosystem functioning, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.26, issue.4, pp.6535-6556, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/S0399-1784(03)00037-9
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01232428

N. V. Blough and R. D. Vecchio, Chromophoric DOM in the Coastal Environment, Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, pp.509-546, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-012323841-2/50012-9

P. Kowalczuk, W. J. Cooper, M. J. Durako, A. E. Kahn, M. Gonsior et al., Characterization of dissolved organic matter fluorescence in the South Atlantic Bight with use of PARAFAC model: Relationships between fluorescence and its components, absorption coefficients and organic carbon concentrations, Marine Chemistry, vol.118, issue.1-2, pp.22-36, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2009.10.002

C. G. Fichot and R. Benner, A novel method to estimate DOC concentrations from CDOM absorption coefficients in coastal waters, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.37, issue.20, p.3610, 2011.
DOI : 10.1021/es030360x

A. Mannino, M. Novak, S. Hooker, K. Hyde, and D. Aurin, Algorithm development and validation of CDOM properties for estuarine and continental shelf waters along the northeastern U.S. coast, Remote Sensing of Environment, vol.152, pp.576-602, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2014.06.027

N. B. Nelson and D. A. Siegel, Chromophoric DOM in the Open Ocean, Biogeochemistry of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter, pp.547-578, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-012323841-2/50013-0

A. A. Andrew, R. D. Vecchio, A. Subramaniam, and N. V. Blough, Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean: Optical properties and their relation to CDOM structure and source, Marine Chemistry, vol.148, pp.33-43, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2012.11.001

V. Kitidis, A. P. Stubbins, G. Uher, R. C. Goddard, C. S. Law et al., Variability of chromophoric organic matter in surface waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Res, II, vol.53, pp.1666-1684, 2006.

P. G. Coble, Marine Optical Biogeochemistry:?? The Chemistry of Ocean Color, Chemical Reviews, vol.107, issue.2, pp.402-418, 2007.
DOI : 10.1021/cr050350+

A. Bricaud, M. Babin, H. Claustre, and J. , Light absorption properties and absorption budget of Southeast Pacific waters, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.45, issue.2, p.8009
DOI : 10.1117/12.266493
URL : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2009JC005517/pdf

C. M. Swan, N. B. Nelson, and D. A. Siegel, A model for remote estimation of ultraviolet absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter based on the global distribution of spectral slope, Remote Sensing of Environment, vol.136, pp.277-285, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2013.05.009

V. Vantrepotte, F. P. Danhiez, H. Loisel, S. Ouillon, X. Eriaux et al., CDOM-DOC relationship in contrasted coastal waters: implication for DOC retrieval from ocean color remote sensing observation, Optics Express, vol.23, issue.1, pp.33-54, 2015.
DOI : 10.1364/OE.23.000033

E. Organelli, A. Bricaud, D. Antoine, and A. Matsuoka, Seasonal dynamics of light absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in the NW Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE site) Deep Sea Res. I 91, pp.72-85, 2014.

A. K. Pavlov, A. Silyakova, M. A. Granskog, R. G. Bellerby, A. Engel et al., levels, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, vol.42, issue.5, pp.1216-1230, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2011.03.007
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00316629

F. L. Figueroa, C. Jim-enez, B. Vi~-negla, E. Erez-rodr-iguez, J. Aguilera et al., Effects of solar UV radiation on photosynthesis of the marine angiosperm Posidonia oceanica from southern Spain, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.230, pp.59-70, 2002.
DOI : 10.3354/meps230059

C. Vasseur, B. Mostajir, C. Nozais, M. Denis, E. Fouilland et al., Effects of bio-optical factors on the attenuation of ultraviolet and photosynthetically available radiation in the North Water Polynya, northern Baffin Bay: ecological implications, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.252, pp.1-13, 2003.
DOI : 10.3354/meps252001

V. S. Kuwahara, R. Nakajima, B. H. Othman, M. R. Kushairi, and T. Toda, Spatial variability of UVR attenuation and bio-optical factors in shallow coral-reef waters of Malaysia, Coral Reefs, vol.53, issue.3, pp.693-704, 2010.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2008.53.5.1909

M. Tedetti, Impact du rayonnement ultraviolet sur la phototransformation de la mati ere organique dissoute en milieu marin, 2006.

X. A. Mor-an and M. Estrada, Short-term variability of photosynthetic parameters and particulate and dissolved primary production in the Alboran Sea (SW Mediterranean), Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.212, pp.53-67, 2001.
DOI : 10.3354/meps212053

T. Moutin and P. Raimbault, Primary production, carbon export and nutrients availability in western and eastern Mediterranean Sea in early summer 1996 (MINOS cruise), Journal of Marine Systems, vol.33, issue.34, pp.33-34, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0924-7963(02)00062-3

I. Obernosterer, G. Kraay, E. De-ranitz, and G. J. Herndl, Concentrations of low molecular weight carboxylic acids and carbonyl compounds in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean) and the turnover of pyruvate, Aquatic Microbial Ecology, vol.20, pp.147-156, 1999.
DOI : 10.3354/ame020147

R. Sommaruga, I. Obemosterer, G. J. Herndl, and R. Psenner, Inhibitory effect of solar radiation on thymidine and leucine incorporation by freshwater and marine bacterioplankton, Appl. Environ. Microb, vol.63, pp.4178-4184, 1997.

M. Llabr-es, S. Agust-i, P. Alonso-laita, and G. J. Herndl, Synechococcus and Prochlorococcus cell death induced by UV radiation and the penetration of lethal UVR in the Mediterranean Sea, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.399, pp.27-37, 2010.
DOI : 10.3354/meps08332

F. Joux, W. H. Jeffrey, M. Abboudi, J. Neveux, M. Pujo-pay et al., Ultraviolet Radiation in the Rh??ne River Lenses of Low Salinity and in Marine Waters of the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea: Attenuation and Effects on Bacterial Activities and Net Community Production, Photochemistry and Photobiology, vol.83, issue.3, pp.783-793, 2009.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.1999.44.7.1645

R. Bertoni, W. H. Jeffrey, M. Pujo-pay, L. Oriol, P. Conan et al., Influence of water mixing on the inhibitory effect of UV radiation on primary and bacterial production in Mediterranean coastal water, Aquatic Sciences, vol.48, issue.3, pp.377-387, 2011.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.00975.x