Structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, and electrocaloric properties of 2% Gd2O3 doping (Na0.5Bi0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3 ceramics
Résumé
Structural, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties, and electrocaloric effects of pure and Gd doped (Na 0.5 Bi 0.5) 0.94 Ba 0.06 TiO 3 ceramics prepared by the conventional solid-solid method have been carried out. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirms a pure perovskite structure with the coexistence of tetragonal and rhombohedra structures in both powders. The thermal and frequency dependences of the dielectric constants of both ceramics revealed relaxor behavior. The two compounds exhibited two phase transitions: ferroelectric/antiferroelectric (FE/AFE) transition followed by an antiferroelectric/paraelectric (AFE/PE) transition at higher temperatures. Remarkably, we noticed that the small amount of Gd doping (2%) highly enhanced the dielectric properties of the parent compound by about 71%. The phase diagram was as well influenced by the Gd doping, where the FE/AFE transition temperature rose from 90 in the parent compound to 115 °C in the doped one whereas the AFE/PE transition temperature was decreased from 320 to 270 °C, respectively. The direct electrocaloric measurements performed on both compounds showed that the ferroelectric/antiferroelectric phase transition was accompanied by a significant electrocaloric effect. The Gd3+ doping improved the electrocaloric properties of the parent compound, where a remarkable temperature variation of 1.4 K was obtained in the doped ceramic. The results of the direct electrocaloric measurements will be compared and discussed with those derived from the indirect method. © 2016 Author(s).
Mots clés
Indirect methods
Frequency dependence
Ferroelectric property
Relaxor behavior
Temperature variation
Pure perovskite structure
Ceramic materials
Dielectric properties
Ferroelectricity
Phase diagrams
Pyroelectricity
Sodium
Structural ceramics
Structural properties
Temperature
X ray diffraction analysis
X ray powder diffraction
Anti ferroelectrics
Electro-caloric effects
Ferroelectric ceramics