J. J. Brooks, Composite modelling of masonry deformation, Materials and Structures, vol.1, issue.3, pp.241-251, 1990.
DOI : 10.1680/macr.1964.16.48.129

C. Chazal and R. Moutu-pitti, A new incremental formulation for linear viscoelastic analysis : creep differential approach, Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, vol.47, issue.2, pp.397-409, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01616903

A. Cecchi and A. Taliercio, A comparison between numerical and analytical homogenized models for visco-elastic brickwork, XXI Congresso AIMETA Associazione Italiana di Meccanica Teoricae Applicata, pp.1-10, 2013.

A. Cecchi and A. Tralli, A homogenized viscoelastic model for masonry structures, International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol.49, issue.13, pp.1485-1496, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2012.02.034

K. K. Choi, S. L. Lissel, and M. M. Taha, Rheological modelling of masonry creepThis article is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on Masonry., Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol.97, issue.6, pp.1506-1517, 2007.
DOI : 10.1139/l02-104

G. Debotton and L. Tevet-deree, The Response of a Fiber-Reinforced Composite with a Viscoelastic Matrix Phase, Journal of Composite Materials, vol.38, issue.14, pp.1255-1277, 2004.
DOI : 10.1177/002199837601000406

F. Dubois, C. Chazal, and C. Petit, A finite element analysis of creep-crack growth in viscoelastic media, Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, pp.269-286, 1999.

F. Dubois, C. Chazal, and C. Petit, Viscoelastic crack growth process in wood timbers : An approach by the finite element method for mode I fracture, International Journal of Fracture, vol.113, issue.4, pp.367-388, 2002.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1014203405764

V. Deudé, L. Dormieux, D. Kondo, and V. Pensée, Propri??t??s ??lastiques non lin??aires d'un milieu m??sofissur??, Comptes Rendus M??canique, vol.330, issue.8, pp.587-592, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1631-0721(02)01489-4

L. Dormieux and D. Kondo, Stress-based estimates and bounds of effective elastic properties: The case of cracked media with unilateral effects, Computational Materials Science, vol.46, issue.1, pp.173-179, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.commatsci.2009.02.027

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00395195

E. Garavaglia, A. Gianni, and C. Molina, Reliability of Porous Materials: Two Stochastic Approaches, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, vol.16, issue.5, pp.16-419, 2004.
DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2004)16:5(419)

H. Duong and B. , Mécanique de la rupture fragile, 1978.

J. Li and G. J. Weng, Strain-Rate Sensitivity, Relaxation Behavior, and Complex Moduli of a Class of Isotropic Viscoelastic Composites, Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, vol.116, issue.4, pp.495-504, 1994.
DOI : 10.1115/1.2904319

S. T. Nguyen, L. Dormieux, L. Pape, Y. Sanahuja, and J. , A Burger Model for the Effective Behavior of a Microcracked Viscoelastic Solid, International Journal of Damage Mechanics, vol.316, issue.8, pp.1116-1129, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2006.04.038

S. T. Nguyen, L. Dormieux, L. Pape, Y. Sanahuja, and J. , Crack propagation in viscoelastic structures: Theoretical and numerical analyses, Computational Materials Science, vol.50, issue.1, pp.83-91, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.commatsci.2010.07.010

E. Papa and A. Taliercio, A visco-damage model for brittle materials under monotonic and sustained stresses, International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, vol.116, issue.3, pp.287-310, 2005.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9781139167970

R. Taha, M. M. Shrive, and N. G. , A Model of Damage and Creep Interaction in a Quasi-Brittle Composite Material Under Axial Loading, Journal of Mechanics, vol.69, issue.04, pp.339-347, 2006.
DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1999)125:8(930)

A. Rekik and R. Brenner, Optimization of the collocation inversion method for the linear viscoelastic homogenization, Mechanics Research Communications, vol.38, issue.4, pp.305-308, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mechrescom.2011.04.003

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00653303

A. Rekik, T. T. Nguyen, and A. Gasser, Multi-level modeling of viscoelastic microcracked masonry, International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol.81, pp.63-83, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2015.11.002

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01265232

A. Rekik and A. Gasser, Numerical approach for accurate estimation of effective creep coefficients of microcracked masonry, International Journal of Solids and Structures, pp.102-103, 2016.

Y. Rougier, C. Stolz, and A. Zaoui, Self-consistent modelling of elastic-viscoplastic polycrystals, Proc. U.S. Nat. Congr. Appl. Mech. ASME 4th, pp.145-51, 1962.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00092035

N. G. Shrive, E. Y. Sayed-ahmed, and D. Tilleman, Creep analysis of clay masonry assemblages, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, vol.2, issue.2, pp.367-397, 1997.
DOI : 10.1680/macr.1953.5.13.37

N. G. Shrive, R. Taha, and M. M. , Effects of creep on new masonry structures Book : Learning from Failure -Long-term Behaviour of Heavy Masonry Structures, pp.83-108, 2008.

E. Verstrynge, S. Ignoul, L. Schueremans, . Gemert, and D. Van, Modelling of damage accumulation in masonry subjected to a long-term compressive load, Book : Structural analysis of historic construction, pp.525-532, 2008.

E. Verstrynge, L. Schueremans, D. Van-gemert, and M. Wevers, Monitoring and predicting masonry's creep failure with the acoustic emission technique, NDT & E International, vol.42, issue.6, pp.518-523, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ndteint.2009.03.001