Gadolinium oxysulfide nanoparticles as multimodal imaging agents for T 2-weighted MR, X-ray tomography and photoluminescence

Sèmiyou Osseni (1) , Séverine Lechevallier (1) , Marc Verelst (1) , Pascal Perriat (2) , Jeannette Dexpert-Ghys (1) , David Neumeyer (1) , Robin Garcia (3) , Florian Mayer (4) , Kristina Djanashvili (4) , Joop A. Peters (4) , Eddy Magdeleine (5) , Hélène Gros-Dagnac (6) , Pierre Celsis (6) , Robert Mauricot (1)

1 CEMES - Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales
2 MATEIS - Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne]
3 Institut Sainte Catherine [Avignon]
4 TU Delft - Delft University of Technology
5 ICELLTIS
6 ICHN - Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques

We have synthesized gadolinium oxysulfide nanoparticles (NPs) doped with other lanthanides (Eu3+, Er3+, Yb3+) via a hydroxycarbonate precursor precipitation route followed by a sulfuration process under a H2S-Ar atmosphere at 750 °C in order to propose new multimodal nanoplatforms for Magnetic Resonance (MR), X-ray and photoluminescence imaging. Gd2O2S:Eu3+ NPs strongly absorb near UV (≈300-400 nm) and re-emit strong red light (624 nm). They can be easily internalized by cancer cells, and imaged by epifluorescence microscopy under excitation in the NUV (365 nm). They are not cytotoxic for living cells up to 100 μg mL-1. Consequently, they are well adapted for in vitro imaging on cell cultures. Gd2O 2S:Eu3+ NPs also show strong transverse relaxivity and strong X-ray absorption allowing their use as contrast agents for T 2-weighted MRI and X-ray tomography. Our study shows that Gd 2O2S:Eu3+ NPs are considerably better than commercial Ferumoxtran-10 NPs as negative contrast agents for MRI. Upconversion emission of Gd2O2S:Er; Yb (1; 8%) NPs under infrared excitation (λex = 980 nm) shows mainly red emission (≈650-680 nm). Consequently, they are more specifically designed for in vivo deep fluorescence imaging, because both excitation and emission are located inside the "transparency window" of biological tissues (650-1200 nm). Magnetic relaxivity and X-ray absorption behaviors of Gd2O 2S:Er; Yb NPs are almost similar to Gd2O 2S:Eu3+ NPs.

Mots clés: Magnetic resonance; Nanoparticles; Photoluminescence; Precipitation (chemical); Synthesis (chemical); X ray absorption; Ytterbium; gadolinium sulfoxylate; magnetite nanoparticle; metal nanoparticle; ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide; article; chemistry; drug effect; human; magnetism; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; tumor cell line; Cell Line; Tumor; Cell Survival; Contrast Media; Dextrans; Europium; Gadolinium; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetics; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Metal Nanoparticles; Tomography; X-Ray; ferumoxtran-10; dextran; contrast medium; Epifluorescence microscopy; Fluorescence imaging; Gadolinium oxysulfides; Hydroxy carbonates; Infrared excitation; Multimodal imaging agents; Photoluminescence imaging; Up-conversion emission; Cell culture; Computerized tomography; Erbium; Imaging systems

Domaines: Physique [physics]

Sèmiyou Osseni, Séverine Lechevallier, Marc Verelst, Pascal Perriat, Jeannette Dexpert-Ghys, et al.. Gadolinium oxysulfide nanoparticles as multimodal imaging agents for T 2-weighted MR, X-ray tomography and photoluminescence. Nanoscale, 2014, 6 (1), pp.555-564. ⟨10.1039/c3nr03982j⟩. ⟨hal-01757829⟩