B. Aguilaniu, J. Maitre, S. Glénet, A. Gegout-petit, and H. Guénard, European reference equations for CO and NO lung transfer, European Respiratory Journal, vol.31, issue.5, pp.1091-1097, 2008.
DOI : 10.1183/09031936.00063207
URL : http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/erj/31/5/1091.full.pdf

R. Alexander, Models and the scaling of energy costs for locomotion, Journal of Experimental Biology, vol.208, issue.9, pp.1645-1652, 2005.
DOI : 10.1242/jeb.01484

A. Baker and Y. Tang, Aging Performance for Masters Records in Athletics, Swimming, Rowing, Cycling, Triathlon, and Weightlifting, Experimental Aging Research, vol.36, issue.4, pp.453-477, 2010.
DOI : 10.1080/03610730590882855

A. Baker, Y. Tang, and M. Turner, Percentage Decline in Masters Superathlete Track and Field Performance With Aging, Experimental Aging Research, vol.29, issue.1, pp.47-65, 2003.
DOI : 10.1080/03610730303706

J. Balmer, S. Bird, and R. Davison, Indoor 16.1-km time-trial performance in cyclists aged 25???????63 years, Journal of Sports Sciences, vol.30, issue.1, pp.57-62, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00776589

A. Bejan and J. Marden, Unifying constructal theory for scale effects in running, swimming and flying, Journal of Experimental Biology, vol.209, issue.2, pp.238-248, 2006.
DOI : 10.1242/jeb.01974

T. Bernard, F. Sultana, R. Lepers, C. Hausswirth, and J. Brisswalter, Age-Related Decline in Olympic Triathlon Performance: Effect of Locomotion Mode, Experimental Aging Research, vol.84, issue.1, pp.64-78, 2010.
DOI : 10.1177/0363546507309673

G. Berthelot, V. Thibault, M. Tafflet, S. Escolano, E. Helou et al., The Citius End: World Records Progression Announces the Completion of a Brief Ultra-Physiological Quest, PLoS ONE, vol.174, issue.2, 2008.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0001552.s005
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01712689

G. Berthelot, M. Tafflet, E. Helou, N. Len, S. Escolano et al., Athlete atypicity on the edge of human achievement: performances stagnate after the last peak, PLoS ONE, vol.5, issue.1, 1988.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00456455

G. Berthelot, S. Len, P. Hellard, M. Tafflet, E. Helou et al., Technology & swimming: 3 steps beyond physiology, Materials Today, vol.13, issue.11, pp.56-97, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/S1369-7021(10)70203-0
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01713615

V. Bongard, A. Mcdermott, G. Dallal, and E. Schaefer, Effects of age and gender on physical performance, AGE, vol.31, issue.2-3, pp.77-85, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/56.suppl_2.7

A. Boot, M. De-ridder, I. Van-der-sluis, I. Van-slobbe, and E. Krenning, Peak bone mineral density, lean body mass and fractures, Bone, vol.46, issue.2, pp.336-341, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.bone.2009.10.003

J. Bradbury, Peak athletic performance and ageing: Evidence from baseball, Journal of Sports Sciences, vol.43, issue.6, pp.599-610, 2009.
DOI : 10.1037/0882-7974.9.2.274

A. Bronikowski, T. Morgan, T. Garland, and P. Carter, THE EVOLUTION OF AGING AND AGE-RELATED PHYSICAL DECLINE IN MICE SELECTIVELY BRED FOR HIGH VOLUNTARY EXERCISE, Evolution, vol.60, issue.7, pp.1494-1508, 2006.
DOI : 10.1554/05-590.1

S. Carlson, R. Hilborn, A. Hendry, and T. Quinn, Predation by Bears Drives Senescence in Natural Populations of Salmon, PLoS ONE, vol.82, issue.12, 2007.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0001286.s004

N. Charness and E. Bosman, Expertise and aging: life in the lab Aging and cognition: knowledge organization and utilization (pp 358), 1990.

F. Desgorces, G. Berthelot, E. Helou, N. Thibault, V. Guillaume et al., From Oxford to Hawaii Ecophysiological Barriers Limit Human Progression in Ten Sport Monuments, PLoS ONE, vol.8, issue.11, 2008.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0003653.t002

A. Donato, K. Tench, D. Glueck, D. Seals, I. Eskurza et al., Declines in physiological functional capacity with age: a longitudinal study in peak swimming performance, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.4, issue.2, pp.764-769, 2003.
DOI : 10.1152/jappl.1997.82.3.846

R. Dukas and P. Visscher, Lifetime learning by foraging honey bees, Animal Behaviour, vol.48, issue.5, pp.1007-1012, 1994.
DOI : 10.1006/anbe.1994.1333

R. Fair, Estimated Age Effects in Athletic Events and Chess, Experimental Aging Research, vol.80, issue.1, pp.37-57, 2007.
DOI : 10.1080/03610738608258570
URL : http://uschesstrust.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/09/estimated-age-effects-in-athletic-events-and-chess-ray-c-fair.pdf

R. Fogel, . Ma, A. Snyder, J. Morris, and R. Buckner, The escape from hunger and premature death Evidence for a relation between socioeconomic status, preclinical Alzheimer disease, and reserve, Arch Neurol, vol.65, pp.1700-2100113, 2004.

M. Guillaume, S. Len, L. Quinquis, H. Nassif, and A. Marc, Age performance relation in Tennis: analysis of top 10 ATP and WTA rankings, ème Congrès de Physiologie de Pharmacologie et de Thérapeutique (P2T), pp.23-25, 2010.

W. Hamilton, The moulding of senescence by natural selection, Journal of Theoretical Biology, vol.12, issue.1, pp.12-45, 1966.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-5193(66)90184-6

L. Hayflick, Entropy Explains Aging, Genetic Determinism Explains Longevity, and Undefined Terminology Explains Misunderstanding Both, PLoS Genetics, vol.3, issue.12, p.220, 2007.
DOI : 1553-7404(2007)003[e125:GDOHHS]2.0.CO;2
URL : http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.0030220&type=printable

R. Howard, Objective evidence of rising population ability: a detailed examination of longitudinal chess data, Personality and Individual Differences, vol.38, issue.2, pp.347-363, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.paid.2004.04.013

R. Hoye, A. Smith, M. Nicholson, B. Stewart, and H. Westerbeek, Sport Management, 2009.
DOI : 10.4135/9781473957961.n1

J. Husak, Does survival depend on how fast you can run or how fast you do run?, Functional Ecology, vol.62, issue.6, pp.1080-1086, 2006.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1095-8312.2002.00054.x

D. Irschick, J. Meyers, J. Husak, L. Galliard, and J. , How does selection operate on whole-organism functional performance capacities? A review and synthesis, Evol Ecol Res, vol.10, pp.177-196, 2008.

P. Kasemsap, Y. Crozat, and D. Satakhun, Cotton leaf photosynthesis and age relationship is influenced by leaf position, Nat Sci, vol.31, pp.83-92, 1997.

K. Kitani, What really declines with age?, AGE, vol.124, issue.6, pp.1-14, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/geronj/48.3.B86
URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2267679?pdf=render

B. Kühnert and E. Nieschlag, Reproductive functions of the ageing male, Human Reproduction Update, vol.10, issue.4, pp.327-339, 2004.
DOI : 10.1093/humupd/dmh030

B. Mandelbrot, The fractal geometry of nature An unsolved problem of biology, 1952.

D. Moore and . Ii, A study of age group track and field records to relate age and running speed, Nature, vol.35, issue.5489, pp.264-265, 1975.
DOI : 10.1038/253264a0

A. Nevill and G. Whyte, Are There Limits to Running World Records?, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, vol.37, issue.10, pp.1785-1788, 2005.
DOI : 10.1249/01.mss.0000181676.62054.79

A. Nevill, G. Whyte, R. Holder, and M. Peyrebrune, Are There Limits to Swimming World Records?, International Journal of Sports Medicine, vol.28, issue.12, pp.1012-1017, 2007.
DOI : 10.1055/s-2007-965088

O. Njajou, E. Blackburn, L. Pawlikowska, M. Mangino, and C. Damcott, A Common Variant in the Telomerase RNA Component Is Associated with Short Telomere Length, PLoS ONE, vol.5, issue.9, p.13048, 2010.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0013048.t003

D. Reznick, M. Bryant, D. Roff, C. Ghalambor, and D. Ghalambor, Effect of extrinsic mortality on the evolution of senescence in guppies, Nature, vol.164, issue.7012, pp.1095-1099, 2004.
DOI : 10.1086/421412

J. Rittweger, P. Prampero, N. Maffuli, and M. Narici, Sprint and endurance power and ageing: an analysis of master athletic world records, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.56, issue.10, pp.683-689, 2009.
DOI : 10.1093/gerona/56.10.M618

R. Roring and N. Charness, A multilevel model analysis of expertise in chess across the life span., Psychology and Aging, vol.22, issue.2, pp.291-299, 2007.
DOI : 10.1037/0882-7974.22.2.291

T. Salthouse, When does age-related cognitive decline begin?, Neurobiology of Aging, vol.30, issue.4, pp.507-514, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.09.023
URL : http://europepmc.org/articles/pmc2683339?pdf=render

J. Schoenberg, G. Beck, and A. Bouhuys, Growth and decay of pulmonary function in healthy blacks and whites, Respiration Physiology, vol.33, issue.3, pp.367-393, 1978.
DOI : 10.1016/0034-5687(78)90063-4

R. Schulz and C. Curnow, Peak Performance and Age Among Superathletes: Track and Field, Swimming, Baseball, Tennis, and Golf, Journal of Gerontology, vol.43, issue.5, pp.113-120, 1988.
DOI : 10.1093/geronj/43.5.P113

M. Stones and A. Kozma, Longitudinal trends in track and field performances, Experimental Aging Research, vol.32, issue.2, pp.107-110, 1984.
DOI : 10.1093/geronj/32.3.286

H. Tanaka and D. Seals, Invited Review: Dynamic exercise performance in Masters athletes: insight into the effects of primary human aging on physiological functional capacity, Journal of Applied Physiology, vol.95, issue.5, pp.2152-2162, 2003.
DOI : 10.1152/jappl.1993.75.4.1670

H. Tanaka and D. Seals, Endurance exercise performance in Masters athletes: age-associated changes and underlying physiological mechanisms, The Journal of Physiology, vol.75, issue.1, pp.55-63, 2008.
DOI : 10.1097/00005768-200006000-00021

J. Van-disseldorp, M. Faddy, A. Themmen, F. De-jong, P. Peeters et al., Relationship of Serum Antim??llerian Hormone Concentration to Age at Menopause, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, vol.93, issue.6, pp.2129-2134, 2008.
DOI : 10.1210/jc.2007-2093

G. Williams, PLEIOTROPY, NATURAL SELECTION, AND THE EVOLUTION OF SENESCENCE, Evolution, vol.90, issue.4, pp.398-411, 1957.
DOI : 10.1086/281903

V. Wright and B. Perricelli, Age-Related Rates of Decline in Performance among Elite Senior Athletes, The American Journal of Sports Medicine, vol.3, issue.16, pp.443-450, 2008.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50217.x

S. Wullschleger and D. Oosterhuis, Photosynthesis of individual field-grown cotton leaves during ontogeny, Photosynthesis Research, vol.87, issue.2, pp.163-170, 1990.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00035007

B. Young, N. Medic, P. Weir, and J. Starkes, Explaining Performance in Elite Middle-Aged Runners: Contributions from Age and from Ongoing and Past Training Factors, Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, vol.30, issue.6, pp.737-754, 2008.
DOI : 10.1123/jsep.30.6.737

B. Young, P. Weir, J. Starkes, and N. Medic, Does Lifelong Training Temper Age-Related Decline in Sport Performance? Interpreting Differences Between Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data, Experimental Aging Research, vol.10, issue.1, pp.27-48, 2008.
DOI : 10.1123/japa.10.1.41

R. Young, L. Epstein, and L. Coles, Living and All-Time World Longevity Record-Holders Over the Age of 110, Rejuvenation Research, vol.12, issue.3, pp.231-232, 2009.
DOI : 10.1089/rej.2009.0882