]. C. Johnson, What are emergent properties and how do they affect the engineering of complex systems?, IEEE 4 th international conference on emerging trends in engineering and technology ,2011. Pages 27-32 [3] N. Karcanias, A.G. Hessami : System of systems and emergence Part2 :synergetic effects and emergence. IEEE 4th international conference on emerging trends in engineering and technology, pp.1475-1481, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ress.2006.01.008

F. M. Cornford, Plato's Cosmology: The Timaeus of Platos translated with a Running Commentary, 1966.

A. Kenny, A New History of Western Philosophy, Ancient Philosophy, vol.1, 2006.

E. E. Sahraoui, D. Buede, and A. , Processes to engineer a system ANSI standardsSage : Systems engineering research, International journal on systems science and systems engineering, vol.17, issue.7, pp.3319-333, 2004.

M. Jamshidi and ]. J. Black, Koopman :System Safety as an Emergent Property in Composite Systems, IEEE/IFIP InternationalConference on Dependable Systems & Networks, pp.369-378, 2009.

B. Behdani, ]. S. Ferreira, M. Faezipour, and H. Corley, Evaluation of paradigms for modeling supply chains as complex sociotechnical systems Winter simulation conference Defining and addressing the risk of undesirable emergent properties, IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon), pp.2012-836, 2013.

A. Sahraoui, REQUIREMENTS TRACEABILITY ISSUES: GENERIC MODEL, METHODOLOGY AND FORMAL BASIS, International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making, vol.04, issue.01, pp.59-80, 2005.
DOI : 10.1109/32.75413