Adaptive capacities from survival to stress responses of two isogenic lines of rainbow trout fed a plant-based diet

Bastien Sadoul (1) , Aurélie Foucard (1) , Claudiane Valotaire (1) , Laurent Labbé (2) , Lionel Goardon (2) , Jean-Michel Le Calvez (2) , Françoise Médale (3) , Edwige Quillet (4) , Mathilde Dupont-Nivet (4) , Inge Geurden (3) , Patrick Prunet (1) , Violaine Colson (1)

1 LPGP - Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons
2 PEIMA - Pisciculture Expérimentale INRA des Monts d'Arrée
3 NuMéA - Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture
4 GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative

The composition of feed for farmed salmonids has strongly evolved during the last decades due to the substitution of fishery-derived fish oil and fishmeal by ingredients of plant origin. Little information is available regarding the effects of this transition on adaptive capacities in fish. Two rainbow trout isogenic lines, known for their divergent ability to grow on a plant-based diet (PBD), were fed for seven months from first feeding either a fully PBD or a control marine-resources diet and were compared for their growing and survival capacities over time and their behavioral and stress responses at similar sizes but different ages. Although fish displayed similar appetitive behaviour, the two lines were highly affected by the PBD translated in decreased growth and apathetic behaviour, but also stronger stress responses displayed by stronger cortisol increases and more stress-related behaviour when isolated. The two lines were found to be similarly sensitive to a PBD for the assessed stress-related parameters, but one line displayed a lower survival during the early rearing period. Overall, these results suggest that a PBD supplied to fish from the alevin stage has strong effects on physiological and behavioural parameters, with possible impairment of fish welfare, but also genome-dependent survival.

Mots clés: survival; fish; salmonids; trout; rainbow; rainbow trout; growth; behavior; isogenic line; animal welfare; food intake

Mots clés: salmonidae; adaptation; alimentation végétale; stress; réponse au stress; bien-être animal; nutrition; poisson; truite arc en ciel; oncorhynchus mykiss; alimentation; croissance; comportement; capacité d'adaptation; survie; lignée isogénique; régime alimentaire

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Bastien Sadoul, Aurélie Foucard, Claudiane Valotaire, Laurent Labbé, Lionel Goardon, et al.. Adaptive capacities from survival to stress responses of two isogenic lines of rainbow trout fed a plant-based diet. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6 (1), pp.1-11. ⟨10.1038/srep35957⟩. ⟨hal-01595194⟩