Damage Models for Concrete
Résumé
This constitutive relation is valid for standard concrete with a compression strength of 30–40 MPa. Its aim is to capture the response of the material subjected to loading paths in which extension of the material exists (uniaxial tension, uniaxial compression, bending of structural members) [4]. It should not be employed (i) when the material is confined ( triaxial compression) because the damage loading function relies on extension of the material only, (ii) when the loading path is severely nonradial (not yet tested), and (iii) when the material is subjected to alternated loading. In this last case, an enhancement of the relation which takes into account the effect of crack closure is possible. It will be considered in the anisotropic damage model presented in Section 3. Finally, the model provides a mathematically consistent prediction of the response of structures up to the inception of failure due to strain localization. After this point is reached, the nonlocal enhancement of the model presented in Section 2 is required.
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