Crowding in public transport: Who cares and why?

Luke Haywood (1) , Martin Koning (2) , Guillaume Monchambert (3, 4)

1 DIW Berlin - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
2 IFSTTAR - Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux
3 LAET - Laboratoire Aménagement Économie Transports
4 ENS Cachan - École normale supérieure - Cachan

Crowding on public transport (PT) is a major issue for commuters around the world. Nevertheless, economists have rarely investigated the causes of crowding discomfort. Furthermore, most evidence on the costs of PT crowding is based on trade-offs between crowding, travel time and money. First, this paper assesses discomfort with PT crowding at various density levels across heterogeneous individuals using a different methodology. Based on a survey of 1000 Paris PT users, the negative relationship of in-vehicle density on reported satisfaction is similar to previous studies investigating PT crowding costs and stable across most individual characteristics. We also find a sensitive increase in crowding costs over users’ income. Second, we investigate the causes of this discomfort effect. We identify three key drivers: (a) dissatisfaction with standing and not being seated; (b) less opportunities to make use of the time during the journey; (c) the physical closeness of other travelers per se.

Mots clés: Public transport; Crowding; Stated satisfaction; Travel cost; Survey data

Domaines: Economies et finances

Luke Haywood, Martin Koning, Guillaume Monchambert. Crowding in public transport: Who cares and why?. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 2017, 100, pp.215-227. ⟨10.1016/j.tra.2017.04.022⟩. ⟨hal-01517820⟩