A multi-layer markup language for geospatial semantic annotations

Ludovic Moncla (1, 2, 3) , Mauro Gaio (2)

1 IAAA - Computer Science and Systems Engineering Department, University of Zaragoza
2 LIUPPA - Laboratoire Informatique de l'Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour
3 COGIT - Cartographie et Géomatique

In this paper we describe a markup language for semantically annotating raw texts. We define a formal representation of text documents written in natural language that can be applied for the task of Named Entities Recognition and Spatial Role Labeling. The proposal relies on a multi-layer annotation process based on a core generic layer, which can be freely adapted into more specific layers depending on the intended goal. Our markup language is based on the TEI Guidelines1 to propose a generic and extensible markup language. This language is particularly dedicated for the text mining task and ready to use to be layered with more semantic relationships between elements of the text. We show the feasibility of this proposal from a generic annotation of texts describing itineraries toward a geospatial semantic annotation.

Mots clés: geo-semantic tagging; text annotation; expanded named entity

Domaines: Recherche d'information [cs.IR]

Ludovic Moncla, Mauro Gaio. A multi-layer markup language for geospatial semantic annotations. 9th Workshop on Geographic Information Retrieval, Nov 2015, Paris, France. ⟨10.1145/2837689.2837700⟩. ⟨hal-01256370⟩