W. Amelung, S. Brodowski, A. Sandhage-hofmann, and R. Bol, Chapter 6 Combining Biomarker with Stable Isotope Analyses for Assessing the Transformation and Turnover of Soil Organic Matter, Advances in Agronomy, pp.155-250, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/S0065-2113(08)00606-8

A. Aminot and R. Kérouel, Dosage automatique des nutriments dans les eaux marines: méthodes en flux continu, 2007.

R. M. Atlas and R. Bartha, Hydrocarbon Biodegradation and Oil Spill Bioremediation, Advances in Microbial Ecology, pp.287-338, 1992.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4684-7609-5_6

R. A. Bourbonniere and P. A. Meyers, Sedimentary geolipid records of historical changes in the watersheds and productivities of Lakes Ontario and Erie, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.41, issue.2, pp.352-359, 1996.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.1996.41.2.0352

S. Bourgeois, A. M. Pruski, M. Sun, R. Buscail, F. Lantoine et al., Distribution and lability of land-derived organic matter in the surface sediments of the Rhône prodelta and the adjacent shelf (Mediterranean Sea, France): a multi proxy study, Biogeosciences, vol.85194, pp.3107-312510, 2011.

R. C. Brown and T. L. Wade, Sedimentary coprostanol and hydrocarbon distribution adjacent to a sewage outfall, Water Research, vol.18, issue.5, pp.621-632, 1984.
DOI : 10.1016/0043-1354(84)90213-6

J. E. Cloern, E. A. Canuel, H. , and D. , Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope composition of aquatic and terrestrial plants of the San Francisco Bay estuarine system, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.47, issue.3, pp.713-729, 2002.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2002.47.3.0713

S. Christodoulou, J. Marty, J. Miquel, J. K. Volkman, R. et al., Use of lipids and their degradation products as biomarkers for carbon cycling in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, Marine Chemistry, vol.113, issue.1-2, pp.25-40, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2008.11.003

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00390305

A. H. Conner, B. A. Nagasampagi, R. , and J. W. , Terpenoid and other extractives of western white pine bark, Phytochemistry, vol.19, issue.6, pp.1121-1131, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/0031-9422(80)83068-8

M. Galeron, Seasonal survey of particulate organic matter in the Rhône River

P. Cuny and J. Rontani, On the widespread occurrence of 3-methylidene-7,11,15-trimethylhexadecan-1,2-diol in the marine environment: a specific isoprenoid marker of chlorophyll photodegradation, Marine Chemistry, vol.65, issue.3-4, pp.155-165, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00093-0

P. Cuny, J. Romano, B. Beker, R. , and J. , Comparison of the photodegradation rates of chlorophyll chlorin ring and phytol side chain in phytodetritus: is the phytyldiol versus phytol ratio (CPPI) a new biogeochemical index?, Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, vol.237, issue.2, pp.271-290, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0022-0981(99)00010-6

J. Dachs, J. M. Bayona, S. W. Fowler, J. Miquel, A. et al., Evidence for cyanobacterial inputs and heterotrophic alteration of lipids in sinking particles in the Alboran Sea (SW Mediterranean), Marine Chemistry, vol.60, issue.3-4, pp.189-201, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-4203(97)00105-9

D. Leeuw, J. W. Baas, and M. , Early-stage diagenesis of steroids, Meth. Geoch, vol.24, pp.101-123, 1986.

D. Leeuw, J. W. Largeau, and C. , A Review of Macromolecular Organic Compounds That Comprise Living Organisms and Their Role in Kerogen, Coal, and Petroleum Formation, Org. Geochem, pp.23-72, 1993.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4615-2890-6_2

A. F. Diefendorf, K. H. Freeman, S. L. Wing, G. , and H. V. , Production of n-alkyl lipids in living plants and implications for the geologic past, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.75, issue.23, pp.7472-7485, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.gca.2011.09.028

F. Eyrolle, O. Radakovitch, P. Raimbault, S. Charmasson, C. Antonelli et al., Consequences of hydrological events on the delivery of suspended sediment and associated radionuclides from the Rh??ne River to the Mediterranean Sea, Journal of Soils and Sediments, vol.59, issue.1, pp.1479-1495, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s11368-012-0575-0

P. M. Fine, G. R. Cass, and B. R. Simoneit, Chemical Characterization of Fine Particle Emissions from Fireplace Combustion of Woods Grown in the Northeastern United States, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.35, issue.13, pp.2665-2675, 2001.
DOI : 10.1021/es001466k

C. S. Foote, Photosensitized oxidation and singlet oxygen: consequences in biological systems, NATO ASI 3 High Tech, pp.85-133, 1976.

E. N. Frankel, Lipid oxidation, The Oily, pp.129-160, 1998.

A. A. Frimer, The reaction of singlet oxygen with olefins: the question of mechanism, Chemical Reviews, vol.79, issue.5, pp.359-387, 1979.
DOI : 10.1021/cr60321a001

J. Fruget, M. Centofanti, J. Dessaix, J. Olivier, J. Druart et al., Temporal and spatial dynamics in large rivers : example of a long-term monitoring of the middle Rhone River, Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology, vol.37, issue.3, pp.237-251, 2001.
DOI : 10.1051/limn/2001021

R. B. Gagosian, O. C. Zafiriou, E. T. Peltzer, A. , and J. B. , Lipids in aerosols from the tropical North Pacific: Temporal variability, Lipids in aerosols from the tropical North Pacific: Temporal variability, pp.11133-11144, 1982.
DOI : 10.1029/JC087iC13p11133

R. B. Gagosian, G. E. Nigrelli, and J. K. Volkman, Vertical Transport and Transformation of Biogenic Organic Compounds from a Sediment Trap Experiment Off the Coast of Peru, Coastal Upwelling Its Sediment Record, pp.241-272, 1983.

J. I. Hedges and R. G. Keil, Sedimentary organic matter preservation: an assessment and speculative synthesis, Marine Chemistry, vol.49, issue.2-3, pp.81-115, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0304-4203(95)00008-F

J. I. Hedges, R. G. Keil, and R. Benner, What happens to terrestrial organic matter in the ocean?, Organic Geochemistry, vol.27, issue.5-6, pp.195-212, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0146-6380(97)00066-1

W. Horspool and D. Armesto, Organic Photochemistry: A comprehensive treatment, 1992.

M. B. Jansson, Land erosion by water in different climates, UNGI Rapport (Sweden), 1982.

P. E. Kolattukudy, Cutin, Suberin, and Waxes, Lipids: Structure and Function, vol.4, pp.571-645, 1980.
DOI : 10.1016/B978-0-12-675404-9.50024-2

W. Korytowski, G. J. Bachowski, and A. W. Girotti, PHOTOPEROXIDATION OF CHOLESTEROL IN HOMOGENEOUS SOLUTION, ISOLATED MEMBRANES, AND CELLS: COMPARISON OF THE 5??- AND 6??-HYDROPEROXIDES AS INDICATORS OF SINGLET OXYGEN INTERMEDIACY, Photochemistry and Photobiology, vol.10, issue.1, pp.1-8, 1992.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02534865

L. Kunst and A. L. Samuels, Biosynthesis and secretion of plant cuticular wax, Lipid Research, pp.51-80, 2003.

J. Liu, Pharmacology of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol.49, issue.2, pp.57-68, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0378-8741(95)90032-2

C. J. Lorenzen, Vertical distribution of chlorophyll and phaeopigments?: Baja California, Deep-Sea Res, pp.735-745, 1967.

W. Ludwig, E. Dumont, M. Meybeck, and S. Heussner, River discharges of water and nutrients to the Mediterranean and Black Sea: Major drivers for ecosystem changes during past and future decades?, Progress in Oceanography, vol.80, issue.3-4, pp.199-217, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pocean.2009.02.001

A. S. Mackenzie, S. C. Brassell, G. Eglinton, M. , and J. R. , Chemical Fossils: The Geological Fate of Steroids, Science, vol.217, issue.4559, pp.491-504, 1982.
DOI : 10.1126/science.217.4559.491

D. Marchand and J. Rontani, Characterisation of photo-oxidation and autoxidation products of phytoplanktonic monounsaturated fatty acids in marine particulate matter and recent sediments, Organic Geochemistry, vol.32, issue.2, pp.287-304, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0146-6380(00)00175-3

D. Marchand and J. Rontani, Visible light-induced oxidation of lipid components of purple sulfur bacteria: a significant process in microbial mats, Organic Geochemistry, vol.34, issue.1, pp.61-79, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0146-6380(02)00192-4

D. Marchand, J. Marty, J. Miquel, R. , and J. , Lipids and their oxidation products as biomarkers for carbon cycling in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea: results from a sediment trap study, Marine Chemistry, vol.95, issue.1-2, pp.129-147, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2004.09.001

W. J. Martin, M. T. Subbiah, B. A. Kottke, C. C. Birk, and M. C. Naylor, Nature of fecal sterols and intestinal bacterial flora, Nature of fecal sterols and intestinal bacterial flora, pp.208-215, 1973.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02544637

D. V. Mccalley, M. Cooke, and G. Nickless, Effect of sewage treatment on faecal sterols, Water Research, vol.15, issue.8, pp.1019-1025, 1981.
DOI : 10.1016/0043-1354(81)90211-6

B. A. Mckee, R. C. Aller, M. A. Allison, T. S. Bianchi, and G. C. Kineke, Transport and transformation of dissolved and particulate materials on continental margins influenced by major rivers: benthic boundary layer and seabed processes, Continental Shelf Research, vol.24, issue.7-8, pp.899-926, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.csr.2004.02.009

M. Mendez-millan, M. Dignac, C. Rumpel, D. P. Rasse, and S. Derenne, Dynamics of shoot vs. root C assessed by natural 13C abundance of their biomarkers, EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts, p.9968, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/bioemco-00575872

P. A. Meyers and R. Ishiwatari, Lacustrine organic geochemistry???an overview of indicators of organic matter sources and diagenesis in lake sediments, Organic Geochemistry, vol.20, issue.7, pp.867-900, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0146-6380(93)90100-P

S. Mihara and H. Tateba, Photosensitized oxygenation reactions of phytol and its derivatives, The Journal of Organic Chemistry, vol.51, issue.7, pp.1142-1144, 1986.
DOI : 10.1021/jo00357a043

P. A. Morrissey and M. Kiely, Oxysterols: Formation and Biological Function, in: Advanced Dairy Chemistry, Lipids, vol.2, pp.641-674, 2006.

S. M. Mudge and C. G. Seguel, Organic Contamination of San Vicente Bay, Chile, Marine Pollution Bulletin, vol.38, issue.11, pp.1011-1021, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0025-326X(99)00132-0

K. E. Mueller, P. J. Polissar, J. Oleksyn, F. , and K. H. , Differentiating temperate tree species and their organs using lipid biomarkers in leaves, roots and soil, Organic Geochemistry, vol.52, pp.130-141, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2012.08.014

J. R. Nelson, Rates and possible mechanism of light-dependent degradation of pigments in detritus derived from phytoplankton, Journal of Marine Research, vol.51, issue.1, pp.155-179, 1993.
DOI : 10.1357/0022240933223837

K. G. Nierop, Origin of aliphatic compounds in a forest soil, Organic Geochemistry, vol.29, issue.4, pp.1009-1016, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0146-6380(98)00165-X

M. Nishimura and T. Koyama, The occurrence of stanols in various living organisms and the behavior of sterols in contemporary sediments, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol.41, issue.3, pp.379-385, 1977.
DOI : 10.1016/0016-7037(77)90265-4

J. T. Novak and D. A. Carlson, The Kinetics of Anaerobic Long Chain Fatty Acid Degradation, J. Water Pollut. Con. F, vol.42, pp.1932-1943, 1970.

A. Otto, C. Shunthirasingham, and M. J. Simpson, A comparison of plant and microbial biomarkers in grassland soils from the Prairie Ecozone of Canada, Organic Geochemistry, vol.36, issue.3, pp.425-448, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2004.09.008

J. Pokorny, Major factors affecting the autoxidation of lipids, Autoxidation of Unsaturated Lipids, pp.141-206, 1987.

L. P. Ponomarenko, I. V. Stonik, N. A. Aizdaicher, T. Y. Orlova, G. I. Popovskaya et al., Sterols of marine microalgae Pyramimonas cf. cordata (Prasinophyta), Attheya ussurensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) and a spring diatom bloom from Lake Baikal, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol.138, issue.1, pp.65-70, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cbpc.2004.02.007

P. Raimbault, F. Diaz, and B. Boudjellal, Simultaneous determination of particulate organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus collected on filters, using a semi-automatic wet-oxidation method, Marine Ecology Progress Series, vol.180, pp.289-295, 1999.
DOI : 10.3354/meps180289

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00698597

P. Raimbault, F. Lantoine, and J. Neveux, Dosage rapide de la chlorophylle a et des phéopigments a par fluorimétrie après extraction au méthanol, Comparaison avec la méthode classique d'extraction à l'acétone, Océanis, pp.189-205, 2004.

S. W. Rampen, B. A. Abbas, S. Schouten, and J. S. Damsté, A comprehensive study of sterols in marine diatoms (Bacillariophyta): Implications for their use as tracers for diatom productivity, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.55, issue.1, pp.91-105, 2010.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2010.55.1.0091

M. I. Razbor?ek, D. B. Von?ina, V. Dole?ek, and E. Von?ina, Determination of Oleanolic, Betulinic and Ursolic Acid in Lamiaceae and Mass Spectral Fragmentation of Their Trimethylsilylated Derivatives, Chromatographia, vol.125, issue.5-6, pp.433-440, 2008.
DOI : 10.1365/s10337-008-0533-6

J. Rontani, Photo- and Free Radical-Mediated Oxidation of Lipid Components During the Senescence of Phototrophic Organisms, pp.3-31, 2012.
DOI : 10.5772/34002

J. Rontani, P. Cuny, and V. Grossi, Photodegradation of chlorophyll phytyl chain in senescent leaves of higher plants, Phytochemistry, vol.42, issue.2, pp.347-351, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0031-9422(95)00872-1

J. Rontani, A. Rabourdin, D. Marchand, A. , and C. , Photochemical oxidation and autoxidation of chlorophyll phytyl side chain in senescent phytoplanktonic cells: Potential sources of several acyclic isoprenoid compounds in the marine environment, Lipids, vol.34, issue.3, pp.241-254, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s11745-003-1057-1

J. Rontani, A. Rabourdin, F. Pinot, S. Kandel, A. et al., Visible light-induced oxidation of unsaturated components of cutins: a significant process during the senescence of higher plants, Phytochemistry, vol.66, issue.3, pp.313-321, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.12.015

J. Rontani, N. Zabeti, and S. G. Wakeham, The fate of marine lipids: Biotic vs. abiotic degradation of particulate sterols and alkenones in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea, Marine Chemistry, vol.113, issue.1-2, pp.9-18, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2008.11.001

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00390302

J. Rontani, N. Zabeti, and S. G. Wakeham, Degradation of particulate organic matter in the equatorial Pacific Ocean: Biotic or abiotic?, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.56, issue.1, pp.333-349, 2011.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2011.56.1.0333

J. Rontani, F. Vaultier, and P. Bonin, Biotic and abiotic degradation of marine and terrestrial higher plant material in intertidal surface sediments from Arcachon Bay (France): A lipid approach, Marine Chemistry, vol.158, pp.69-79, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2013.11.005

J. Rontani, B. Charriere, R. Sempéré, D. Doxaran, F. Vaultier et al., Degradation of sterols and terrigenous organic matter in waters of the Mackenzie Shelf, Canadian Arctic, Organic Geochemistry, vol.75, pp.61-73, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.06.002

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01166011

R. Sempéré, B. Charrière, F. Van-wambeke, C. , and G. , Carbon inputs of the Rh??ne River to the Mediterranean Sea: Biogeochemical implications, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, vol.161, issue.17, pp.669-681, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/1999GB900069

M. Sicre, J. Paillasseur, J. Marty, and A. Saliot, Characterization of seawater samples using chemometric methods applied to biomarker fatty acids, Organic Geochemistry, vol.12, issue.3, pp.281-288, 1988.
DOI : 10.1016/0146-6380(88)90265-3

M. Sicre, R. C. Tian, I. Broyelle, and A. Saliot, Aquatic distribution of 4-desmethyl sterols in the Chang Jiang Estuary, China, Mar. Chem, vol.42, pp.11-24, 1993.

M. J. Simpson, A. Otto, and X. Feng, Comparison of Solid-State Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Organic Matter Biomarkers for Assessing Soil Organic Matter Degradation, Soil Science Society of America Journal, vol.72, issue.1, pp.268-276, 2008.
DOI : 10.2136/sssaj2007.0045

J. D. Spikes and R. Straight, Sensitized Photochemical Processes in Biological Systems, Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, vol.18, issue.1, pp.409-436, 1967.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.pc.18.100167.002205

S. Taipale, U. Strandberg, E. Peltomaa, A. W. Galloway, A. Ojala et al., Fatty acid composition as biomarkers of freshwater microalgae: analysis of 37 strains of microalgae in 22 genera and in seven classes, Aquatic Microbial Ecology, vol.71, issue.2, pp.165-178, 2013.
DOI : 10.3354/ame01671

I. Tolosa, S. Fiorini, B. Gasser, J. Martín, M. et al., Carbon sources in suspended particles and surface sediments from the Beaufort Sea revealed by molecular lipid biomarkers and compound-specific isotope analysis, Biogeosciences, vol.10, issue.3, pp.2061-208710, 2013.
DOI : 10.5194/bg-10-2061-2013

B. E. Van-dongen, Z. Zencak, and Ö. Gustafsson, Differential transport and degradation of bulk organic carbon and specific terrestrial biomarkers in the surface waters of a sub-arctic brackish bay mixing zone, Marine Chemistry, vol.112, issue.3-4, pp.203-214, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.marchem.2008.08.002

M. Vernet, Phytoplankton dynamics in the Barents Sea estimated from chlorophyll budget models, Polar Research, vol.132, issue.3, pp.129-146, 1991.
DOI : 10.3402/polar.v10i1.6733

H. Vivian, Hydrological changes of the Rhône River Historical Change of Large Alluvial Rivers: Western Europe, pp.57-77, 1989.

M. Galeron, Seasonal survey of particulate organic matter in the Rhône River Volkman, J. K.: A review of sterol markers for marine and terrigenous organic matter, Org. Geochem, vol.9, pp.83-99, 1986.

J. K. Volkman, Sterols in microorganisms, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol.60, issue.5, pp.495-506, 2003.
DOI : 10.1007/s00253-002-1172-8

J. K. Volkman, D. J. Smith, G. Eglinton, T. E. Forsberg, and E. D. Corner, Sterol and fatty acid composition of four marine haptophycean algae, Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, vol.3, issue.02, pp.61-509, 1981.
DOI : 10.2307/1485309

S. G. Wakeham, Reduction of stenols to stanols in particulate matter at oxic???anoxic boundaries in sea water, Nature, vol.342, issue.6251, pp.787-790, 1989.
DOI : 10.1038/342787a0

S. G. Wakeham, Lipid biomarkers for heterotrophic alteration of suspended particulate organic matter in oxygenated and anoxic water columns of the ocean, Deep-Sea Res, pp.1749-1771, 1995.

S. G. Wakeham and E. A. Canuel, Degradation and Preservation of Organic Matter in Marine Sediments, Marine Organic Matter: Biomarkers, Isotopes and DNA, pp.295-321, 2006.
DOI : 10.1007/698_2_009

J. H. Writer, J. A. Leenheer, L. B. Barber, G. L. Amy, C. et al., Sewage contamination in the upper Mississippi River as measured by the fecal sterol, coprostanol, Water Research, vol.29, issue.6, pp.1427-1436, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0043-1354(94)00304-P