M. H. Alford, Improved global maps and 54-year history of wind-work on ocean inertial motions, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.28, issue.8, pp.10-1029, 1424.
DOI : 10.1029/2001GL014422

L. Arneborg, Mixing Efficiencies in Patchy Turbulence, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.32, issue.5, pp.1496-1506, 2002.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(2002)032<1496:MEIPT>2.0.CO;2

?. and B. Liljebladh, The internal seiches in Gullmar Fjord. Part II: Contribution to basin water mixing, J. Phys. Oceanogr, vol.312, pp.2567-2574, 2001.

M. E. Barry, G. N. Ivey, K. B. Winters, and J. Imberger, Measurements of diapycnal diffusivities in stratified fluids, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.442, pp.267-29110, 2001.
DOI : 10.1017/S0022112001005080

C. E. Bluteau, N. L. Jones, and G. N. Ivey, Turbulent mixing efficiency at an energetic ocean site, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.215, issue.1, pp.4662-4672
DOI : 10.1017/S0022112090002786

D. Bouffard and L. Boegman, 2013: A diapycnal diffusivity model for stratified environmental flows, Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, pp.61-62

K. Bryan and L. J. Lewis, A water mass model of the World Ocean, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.5, issue.C5, pp.2503-251710, 1979.
DOI : 10.1029/JC084iC05p02503

H. L. Bryden and A. J. Nurser, Effects of Strait Mixing on Ocean Stratification, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.33, issue.8, pp.1870-1872, 2003.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<1870:EOSMOO>2.0.CO;2

K. A. Davis and S. G. Monismith, The Modification of Bottom Boundary Layer Turbulence and Mixing by Internal Waves Shoaling on a Barrier Reef, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.41, issue.11, pp.2223-2241, 2011.
DOI : 10.1175/2011JPO4344.1

C. De-lavergne, G. Madec, J. L. Sommer, A. J. Nurser, and A. C. Garabato, On the Consumption of Antarctic Bottom Water in the Abyssal Ocean, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.46, issue.2, pp.635-651, 2015.
DOI : 10.1175/JPO-D-14-0201.1

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01274735

B. De-young and S. Pond, Partition of energy Loss from the Barotropic Tide in Fjords, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.19, issue.2, pp.246-252, 1989.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1989)019<0246:POELFT>2.0.CO;2

T. Decloedt and D. S. Luther, 2012: Spatially heterogeneous diapycnal mixing in the abyssal ocean: A comparison of two parameterizations to observations, J. Geophys. Res, pp.10-1029, 2012008304.

J. F. Dunckley, J. R. Koseff, J. V. Steinbuck, S. G. Monismith, and A. Genin, Comparison of mixing efficiency and vertical diffusivity models from temperature microstructure, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.131, issue.C10, pp.1000810-1029, 2012.
DOI : 10.1029/2011JC007213

C. Eden and D. Olbers, An Energy Compartment Model for Propagation, Nonlinear Interaction, and Dissipation of Internal Gravity Waves, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.44, issue.8, pp.2093-2106
DOI : 10.1175/JPO-D-13-0224.1

J. Emile-geay and G. Madec, Geothermal heating, diapycnal mixing and the abyssal circulation, Ocean Science, vol.5, issue.2, pp.203-21710, 2009.
DOI : 10.5194/os-5-203-2009

A. Ganachaud and C. Wunsch, correction: Improved estimates of global ocean circulation, heat transport and mixing from hydrographic data, Nature, vol.408, issue.6825, pp.453-45710, 2000.
DOI : 10.1038/35065660

A. E. Gargett, Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior, Journal of Marine Research, vol.42, issue.2, pp.359-39310, 1984.
DOI : 10.1357/002224084788502756

M. Gloor, A. Wüest, and D. M. Imboden, Dynamics of mixed bottom boundary layers and its implications for diapycnal transport in a stratified, natural water basin, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.4, issue.C4, pp.8629-864610, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/1999JC900303

J. A. Goff and B. K. Arbic, Global prediction of abyssal hill roughness statistics for use in ocean models from digital maps of paleo-spreading rate, paleo-ridge orientation, and sediment thickness. Ocean Modell, pp.36-43, 2010.

V. V. Gouretski and K. P. Koltermann, WOCE global hydrographic climatology Bundesamt für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie Tech, 2004.

B. Goutorbe, J. Poort, F. Lucazeau, and S. Raillard, Global heat flow trends resolved from multiple geological and geophysical proxies, Geophysical Journal International, vol.187, issue.3, pp.1405-1419, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2011.05228.x

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00661584

S. E. Holt, J. R. Koseff, and J. H. Ferziger, A numerical study of the evolution and structure of homogeneous stably stratified sheared turbulence, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.9, issue.-1, pp.499-53910, 1992.
DOI : 10.1063/1.1692279

R. X. Huang, Mixing and Energetics of the Oceanic Thermohaline Circulation*, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.29, issue.4, pp.727-746, 1999.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1999)029<0727:MAEOTO>2.0.CO;2

G. O. Hughes, R. W. Griffiths, and D. E. , A simple convective model of the global overturning circulation, including effects FEBRUARY 2016, 2006.

?. , A. M. Hogg, and R. W. Griffiths, Available potential energy and irreversible mixing in the meridional overturning circulation, J. Phys. Oceanogr, vol.39, pp.3130-314610, 2001.

E. L. Hult, C. D. Troy, and J. R. Koseff, The mixing efficiency of interfacial waves breaking at a ridge: 1. Overall mixing efficiency, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.36, issue.1, pp.10-1029, 2011.
DOI : 10.1029/2010JC006485

T. N. Huussen, A. C. Garabato, H. L. Bryden, and E. L. Mcdonagh, 2012: Is the deep Indian Ocean MOC sustained by breaking internal waves?, J. Geophys. Res, vol.117, pp.802410-1029, 2012008236.

M. E. Inall, Internal wave induced dispersion and mixing on a sloping boundary, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.35, issue.C6, pp.10-1029, 2009.
DOI : 10.1029/2008GL036849

D. Iudicone, G. Madec, B. Blanke, and S. Speich, The Role of Southern Ocean Surface Forcings and Mixing in the Global Conveyor, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.38, issue.7, pp.1377-140010, 2001.
DOI : 10.1175/2008JPO3519.1

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00308922

?. , ?. , and T. J. Mcdougall, Water-mass transformations in a neutral density framework and the key role of light penetration, J. Phys. Oceanogr, vol.38, pp.1357-137610, 2001.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00770000

G. N. Ivey, K. B. Winters, and J. R. Koseff, Density Stratification, Turbulence, but How Much Mixing?, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, vol.40, issue.1, pp.169-184, 2008.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.fluid.39.050905.110314

D. R. Jackett and T. J. Mcdougall, A Neutral Density Variable for the World???s Oceans, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.27, issue.2, pp.237-263, 1997.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<0237:ANDVFT>2.0.CO;2

P. R. Jackson and C. R. Rehmann, Laboratory Measurements of Differential Diffusion in a Diffusively Stable, Turbulent Flow, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.33, issue.8, pp.1592-1603, 2003.
DOI : 10.1175/2405.1

G. C. Johnson, Quantifying Antarctic Bottom Water and North Atlantic Deep Water volumes, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.73, issue.C8, pp.502710-1029, 2008.
DOI : 10.1029/2007JC004477

S. M. Kelly, N. L. Jones, J. D. Nash, and A. F. Waterhouse, The geography of semidiurnal mode-1 internal-tide energy loss, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.39, issue.C11, pp.4689-4693, 2013.
DOI : 10.1175/2008JPO4136.1

A. Klocker and T. J. Mcdougall, Influence of the Nonlinear Equation of State on Global Estimates of Dianeutral Advection and Diffusion, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.40, issue.8, pp.1690-170910, 2001.
DOI : 10.1175/2010JPO4303.1

J. R. Ledwell, A. J. Watson, and C. S. Law, Mixing of a tracer in the pycnocline, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.12, issue.C10, pp.499-520, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/98JC01738

?. , E. T. Montgomery, K. L. Polzin, L. C. St, R. W. Laurent et al., Evidence for enhanced mixing over rough topography in the abyssal ocean, Nature, vol.403, pp.179-18210, 2000.

R. Lumpkin and K. Speer, Global Ocean Meridional Overturning, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.37, issue.10, pp.2550-2562, 2007.
DOI : 10.1175/JPO3130.1

J. A. Mackinnon, T. M. Johnston, and R. Pinkel, Strong transport and mixing of deep water through the Southwest Indian Ridge, Nature Geoscience, vol.40, issue.11, pp.755-758, 2008.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1980)010<0083:EOTLRO>2.0.CO;2

?. , M. H. Alford, R. Pinkel, J. Klymak, and Z. Zhao, The latitudinal dependence of shear and mixing in the Pacific transiting the critical latitude for PSI, J. Phys. Oceanogr, vol.43, pp.3-16, 2013.

A. Mashayek and W. R. Peltier, Shear-induced mixing in geophysical flows: does the route to turbulence matter to its efficiency?, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.38, pp.216-261
DOI : 10.1038/35003174

?. , C. P. Caulfield, and W. R. Peltier, Time-dependent, nonmonotonic mixing in stratified turbulent shear flows: implications for oceanographic estimates of buoyancy flux, J. Fluid Mech, vol.2013, issue.736, pp.570-593

B. D. Mater and S. K. Venayagamoorthy, The quest for an unambiguous parameterization of mixing efficiency in stably stratified geophysical flows, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.39, issue.10, pp.4646-465310, 2014.
DOI : 10.1017/S002211200999293X

A. Melet, R. Hallberg, S. Legg, and K. L. Polzin, Sensitivity of the Ocean State to the Vertical Distribution of Internal-Tide-Driven Mixing, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.43, issue.3, pp.602-615, 2013.
DOI : 10.1175/JPO-D-12-055.1

?. , M. Nikurashin, C. Muller, S. Falahat, J. Nycander et al., Internal tide generation by abyssal hills using analytical theory, J. Geophys. Res, vol.118, pp.6303-631810, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00996435

W. H. Munk, Abyssal recipes, Deep Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts, vol.13, issue.4, pp.707-73010, 1966.
DOI : 10.1016/0011-7471(66)90602-4

?. and C. Wunsch, Abyssal recipes II: Energetics of tidal and wind mixing, Deep-Sea Res, vol.45, issue.98, pp.10-1016, 1977.

N. Garabato, A. C. , A. J. Nurser, R. B. Scott, and J. A. Goff, The Impact of Small-Scale Topography on the Dynamical Balance of the Ocean, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.43, issue.3, pp.647-668
DOI : 10.1175/JPO-D-12-056.1

URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00853253

?. , A. P. Williams, and S. Bacon, 2014: The three-dimensional overturning circulation of the Southern Ocean during the WOCE era, Prog. Oceanogr, vol.120, pp.41-78

M. Nikurashin, R. Ferrari, N. Grisouard, and K. L. Polzin, The Impact of Finite-Amplitude Bottom Topography on Internal Wave Generation in the Southern Ocean, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.44, issue.11, pp.2938-2950
DOI : 10.1175/JPO-D-13-0201.1

Y. Niwa and T. Hibiya, Estimation of baroclinic tide energy available for deep ocean mixing based on three-dimensional global numerical simulations, Journal of Oceanography, vol.39, issue.10, pp.493-502, 2011.
DOI : 10.1007/s10872-011-0052-1

J. Nycander, Generation of internal waves in the deep ocean by tides, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.390, issue.C10, pp.10-1029, 2005.
DOI : 10.1029/2004JC002487

A. Oka and Y. Niwa, 2013: Pacific deep circulation and ventilation controlled by tidal mixing away from the sea bottom, Nat. Commun, vol.4, pp.10-1038, 2419.

D. Olbers and C. Eden, A Global Model for the Diapycnal Diffusivity Induced by Internal Gravity Waves, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.43, issue.8, pp.1759-1779, 2013.
DOI : 10.1175/JPO-D-12-0207.1

T. R. Osborn, Estimates of the Local Rate of Vertical Diffusion from Dissipation Measurements, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.10, issue.1, pp.83-89, 1980.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1980)010<0083:EOTLRO>2.0.CO;2

K. L. Polzin, An abyssal recipe. Ocean Modell, pp.298-309, 2009.

?. , K. G. Speer, J. M. Toole, and R. W. Schmitt, Intense mixing of Antarctic Bottom Water in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean, Nature, vol.380, pp.54-57, 1996.

C. R. Rehmann and J. R. Koseff, Mean potential energy change in stratified grid turbulence, Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans, vol.37, issue.4, pp.271-294, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2003.09.001

A. Rimac, J. Von-storch, C. Eden, and H. Haak, The influence of high-resolution wind stress field on the power input to near-inertial motions in the ocean, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.36, issue.8, pp.4882-4886
DOI : 10.1029/2001GL014422

B. Ruddick, D. Walsh, and N. Oakey, Variations in Apparent Mixing Efficiency in the North Atlantic Central Water, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.27, issue.12, pp.2589-2605, 1997.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1997)027<2589:VIAMEI>2.0.CO;2

J. A. Saenz, A. M. Hogg, G. O. Hughes, and R. W. Griffiths, Mechanical power input from buoyancy and wind to the circulation in an ocean model, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.540, issue.9, pp.1360510-1029, 2012.
DOI : 10.1017/S002211200500577X

R. B. Scott, J. A. Goff, A. C. Garabato, and A. J. Nurser, 2011: Global rate and spectral characteristics of internal gravity wave generation by geostrophic flow over topography

K. L. Sheen and C. , Rates and mechanisms of turbulent dissipation and mixing in the Southern Ocean: Results from the Diapycnal and Isopycnal Mixing Experiment in the Southern Ocean (DIMES), Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.39, issue.4, pp.2774-2792, 2013.
DOI : 10.1029/2005GL023568

L. H. Shih, J. R. Koseff, G. N. Ivey, and J. H. Ferziger, Parameterization of turbulent fluxes and scales using homogeneous sheared stably stratified turbulence simulations, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol.525, pp.193-21410, 2005.
DOI : 10.1017/S0022112004002587

H. L. Simmons, S. R. Jayne, L. C. St, A. J. Laurent, and . Weaver, Tidally driven mixing in a numerical model of the ocean general circulation. Ocean Modell, pp.245-26310, 2004.

W. D. Smyth, J. N. Moum, and D. R. Caldwell, The Efficiency of Mixing in Turbulent Patches: Inferences from Direct Simulations and Microstructure Observations, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.31, issue.8, pp.1969-1992, 1969.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(2001)031<1969:TEOMIT>2.0.CO;2

. St, L. C. Laurent, and R. W. Schmitt, The contribution of salt fingers to vertical mixing in the North Atlantic Tracer Release Experiment, J. Phys. Oceanogr, vol.292, pp.1404-1424, 1999.

?. and A. M. Thurnherr, Intense mixing of lower thermocline water on the crest of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Nature, vol.448, pp.680-68310, 2007.

?. , J. R. Toole, and R. W. Schmitt, Buoyancy forcing by turbulence above rough topography in the abyssal Brazil basin, J. Phys. Oceanogr, vol.3134762, pp.3476-3495, 2001.

?. , H. L. Simmons, and S. R. Jayne, Estimating tidally driven mixing in the deep ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett, vol.29, pp.21-22, 2002.

A. Stigebrandt, Vertical Diffusion Driven by Internal Waves in a Sill Fjord, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.6, issue.4, pp.486-495, 1976.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1976)006<0486:VDDBIW>2.0.CO;2

?. and J. Aure, Vertical mixing in basin waters of fjords, J. Phys. Oceanogr, vol.192, pp.917-926, 1989.

L. D. Talley, Freshwater transport estimates and the global overturning circulation: Shallow, deep and throughflow components, Progress in Oceanography, vol.78, issue.4, pp.257-303, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pocean.2008.05.001

?. , J. L. Reid, and P. E. Robbins, Data-based meridional overturning streamfunctions for the global ocean, 2003.

A. M. Thurnherr, Diapycnal mixing associated with an overflow in a deep submarine canyon. Deep-Sea Res, pp.194-206, 2006.

?. and K. G. Speer, Boundary mixing and topographic blocking on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the South Atlantic, J. Phys. Oceanogr, vol.33338482, pp.848-862, 2003.

?. , L. C. St, K. G. Laurent, J. M. Speer, J. R. Toole et al., Mixing associated with sills in a canyon on the midocean ridge flank, J. Phys. Oceanogr, vol.35, pp.1370-1381, 2005.

J. M. Toole, R. W. Schmitt, and K. L. Polzin, Estimates of Diapycnal Mixing in the Abyssal Ocean, Science, vol.264, issue.5162, pp.1120-1123, 1994.
DOI : 10.1126/science.264.5162.1120

A. F. Waterhouse and C. , Global Patterns of Diapycnal Mixing from Measurements of the Turbulent Dissipation Rate, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.44, issue.7, pp.1854-1872
DOI : 10.1175/JPO-D-13-0104.1

S. Waterman, A. C. Garabato, and K. L. Polzin, Internal Waves and Turbulence in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.43, issue.2, pp.259-282
DOI : 10.1175/JPO-D-11-0194.1

?. , K. L. Polzin, A. C. Garabato, K. L. Sheen, and A. Forryan, 2014: Suppression of internal wave breaking in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current near topography, J. Phys. Oceanogr, vol.44, pp.1466-1492

A. J. Watson and J. R. Ledwell, Oceanographic tracer release experiments using sulphur hexafluoride, Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, vol.371, issue.4, pp.325-339, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/1999JC900272

C. Wunsch and R. Ferrari, VERTICAL MIXING, ENERGY, AND THE GENERAL CIRCULATION OF THE OCEANS, Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, vol.36, issue.1, pp.281-314, 2004.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.fluid.36.050802.122121