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A. Appendix, Country sample Country sample Countries High income (44) OECD countries (30): Australia; Austria; Belgium; Canada; Chile; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; Germany; Greece

I. Korea and R. , New Zealand; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; United Kingdom; United States Non-OECD countries (14): Bahrain; Croatia; Cyprus; Equatorial Guinea Oman; Qatar; Russian Federation; Saudi Arabia; Singapore; Trinidad and Tobago; United Arab Emirates; Uruguay Upper Middle income (36) Albania; Algeria; Angola; Argentina; Azerbaijan; Belarus; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Botswana; Brazil; Bulgaria; China; Colombia; Costa Rica; Dominican Republic; Ecuador; Gabon; Hungary, Hong Kong SAR, China; Kuwait

J. Jamaica, Latvia; Lebanon; Libya; Macedonia, FYR; Malaysia; Mauritius; Mexico; Namibia; Panama; Peru; Romania; Serbia; South Africa; Thailand; Tunisia; Turkey

. Guyana, . Honduras, . India, . Indonesia, and R. Kyrgyz, Lao PDR; Lesotho; Mauritania; Moldova; Mongolia; Morocco; Nicaragua; Nigeria; Pakistan; Papua New Guinea; Paraguay; Philippines; Senegal; Sri Lanka; Swaziland; Turkmenistan; Ukraine; Vietnam; Yemen, Rep.; Zambia Low income (30) Bangladesh; Benin; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Cambodia; Central African Republic; Chad; Congo Ethiopia; Gambia; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Haiti; Kenya; Liberia, Dem. Rep.; Eritrea

. Mozambique, . Myanmar, . Niger, and . Rwanda, Sierra Leone; Tajikistan; Tanzania; Togo; Uganda

U. Global, S money supply -0.357* (0.176) -0