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Chapitre D'ouvrage Année : 2016

The volcanism of the Comoros archipelago integrated at a regional scale

Résumé

The development of the Comoros archipelago in the Mozambique channel has been diversely interpreted since the 1970s. The two end-member causes are, on the one hand, a deep mantle plume that developed a hotspot track from the Seychelles Plateau to the Grande Comore, and, on the other hand, a lithospheric deformation that reactivated transform faults and controlled the magma path. The present work first surveys the sparse geological, geophysical and geochronological data available for this archipelago, re-evaluates the age of the magmatic activity and integrates this evolution at a regional scale. Combining realistic magma production rates, the volume of each edifice and the geochronological, it is showed that the magmatic activity started first in Mayotte about 20 Ma and second, almost simultaneously, in Anjouan, Mohéli and Grande Comore about 10 Ma ago. This magmatism, coeval with magmatic periods in areas surrounding the Mozambic channel, the southern East African rift and Madagascar, is organised in three periods since Late Oligocene. Magmatic provinces are now superimposed with seismic zones and graben structures. In consequence, the Comoros archipelago is tentatively interpreted as part of the East African rift rather than related to a distinct deep mantle plume.
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Dates et versions

hal-01147339 , version 1 (27-10-2016)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-01147339 , version 1

Citer

Laurent Michon. The volcanism of the Comoros archipelago integrated at a regional scale. Bachelery, Patrick and Lénat, Jean-François and Di Muro, Andrea and Michon, Laurent. Active Volcanoes of the Southwest Indian Ocean: Piton de la Fournaise and Karthala, Springer-Verlag, pp.233-244, 2016, Active volcanoes of the World, 978-3-642-31394-3. ⟨hal-01147339⟩
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