R. Aerts, The freezer defrosting: global warming and litter decomposition rates in cold biomes, Journal of Ecology, vol.11, issue.Suppl. 1, pp.713-724, 2006.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2006.01142.x

J. D. Allan and M. M. Castillo, Stream ecology. Structure and function of running waters, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4020-5583-6

M. Bakkenes, J. R. Alkemade, F. Ihle, R. Leemans, and J. B. Latour, Assessing effects of forecasted climate change on the diversity and distribution of European higher plants for 2050, Global Change Biology, vol.69, issue.6, pp.390-407, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/21181

F. Bärlocher, S. Seena, K. P. Wilson, W. , and D. D. , Raised water temperature lowers diversity of hyporheic aquatic hyphomycetes, Freshwater Biology, vol.67, issue.0, pp.368-379, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00007178

T. J. Battin, L. A. Kaplan, S. Findlay, C. S. Hopkinson, E. Marti et al., Biophysical controls on organic carbon fluxes in fluvial networks, Nature Geoscience, vol.45, issue.2, pp.95-100, 2008.
DOI : 10.1038/ngeo101

B. Garzón, M. Sánchez-de-dios, R. , S. Ollero, and H. , Effects of climate change on the distribution of Iberian tree species, Appl. Veg. Sci, vol.113170, pp.169-178, 2008.

M. R. Berbeco, J. M. Melillo, and C. M. Orians, Soil warming accelerates decomposition of fine woody debris, Plant and Soil, vol.121, issue.1, pp.405-417, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s11104-012-1130-x

L. Boyero, R. G. Pearson, M. O. Gessner, L. A. Barmuta, V. Ferreira et al., A global experiment suggests climate warming will not accelerate litter decomposition in streams but might reduce carbon sequestration, Ecology Letters, vol.28, issue.3, pp.289-294, 2011.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2010.01578.x

J. H. Brown, J. F. Gillooly, A. P. Allen, V. M. Savage, and G. B. West, TOWARD A METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY, Ecology, vol.85, issue.7, pp.1771-17891003, 1890.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.012579799

K. M. Buzby, P. , and S. A. , Modeling the potential effects of climate change on leaf pack processing in central Appalachian streams, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol.57, issue.9, pp.1773-1783, 2000.
DOI : 10.1139/f00-113

C. Canhoto and M. A. Graça, Decomposition of Eucalyptus globulus leaves and three native leaf species (Alnus glutinosa, Castanea sativa and Quercus faginea) in a Portuguese low order stream, Hydrobiologia, vol.17, issue.2, pp.79-85, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00017570

C. Canhoto, J. L. Lima, and A. T. De-almeida, Warming up a stream reach: design of a hydraulic and heating system, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, vol.11, issue.7, pp.410-417, 2013.
DOI : 10.4319/lom.2013.11.410

E. Chauvet and K. Suberkropp, Temperature and sporulation of aquatic hyphomycetes, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, vol.64, pp.1522-152516349551, 1998.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00949684

J. J. Cole, Y. T. Prairie, N. F. Caraco, W. H. Mcdowell, L. J. Tranvik et al., Plumbing the Global Carbon Cycle: Integrating Inland Waters into the Terrestrial Carbon Budget, Ecosystems, vol.95, issue.1, pp.171-184, 2007.
DOI : 10.1007/s10021-006-9013-8

R. T. Conant, R. A. Drijber, M. L. Haddix, W. J. Parton, E. A. Paul et al., Sensitivity of organic matter decomposition to warming varies with its quality, Global Change Biology, vol.131, issue.4, pp.868-877, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01541.x

T. F. Cuffney, J. B. Wallace, and G. J. Lugthart, Experimental evidence quantifying the role of benthic invertebrates in organic matter dynamics of headwater streams, Freshwater Biology, vol.15, issue.2, pp.281-299, 1990.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00007601

C. K. Dang, M. Schindler, E. Chauvet, and M. O. Gessner, Temperature oscillation coupled with fungal community shifts can modulate warming effects on litter decomposition, Ecology, vol.11, issue.1, pp.122-131, 2009.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0508798102
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00965468

I. Durance and S. J. Ormerod, Climate change effects on upland stream macroinvertebrates over a 25-year period, Global Change Biology, vol.22, issue.5, pp.942-957, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.02.042

J. M. Durant, D. Ø. Hjermann, G. Ottersen, and N. C. Stenseth, Climate and the match or mismatch between predator requirements and resource availability, Climate Research, vol.33, pp.271-283, 2007.
DOI : 10.3354/cr033271

E. Fabre, C. , and E. , Leaf breakdown along an altitudinal stream gradient, Arch. Hydrobiol, vol.141, pp.167-179, 1998.

I. Fernandes, C. Pascoal, H. Guimarães, R. Pinto, I. Sousa et al., Higher temperature reduces the effects of litter quality on decomposition by aquatic fungi, Freshwater Biology, vol.17, issue.11, pp.2306-2317, 2012.
DOI : 10.1111/fwb.12004

V. Ferreira, C. , and E. , Synergistic effects of water temperature and dissolved nutrients on litter decomposition and associated fungi, Global Change Biology, vol.3, issue.1, pp.551-564
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02185.x
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00942851

V. Ferreira, C. , and E. , Future increase in temperature more than decrease in litter quality can affect microbial litter decomposition in streams, Oecologia, vol.67, issue.1, pp.279-291
DOI : 10.1007/s00442-011-1976-2
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00965516

V. Ferreira, M. A. Graça, J. L. De-lima, and R. Gomes, Role of physical fragmentation and invertebrate activity in the breakdown rate of leaves, Archiv f??r Hydrobiologie, vol.165, issue.4, pp.493-513, 2006.
DOI : 10.1127/0003-9136/2006/0165-0493

V. Ferreira, A. C. Encalada, and M. A. Graça, Effects of litter diversity on decomposition and biological colonization of submerged litter in temperate and tropical streams, Freshwater Science, vol.31, issue.3, pp.945-962, 2012.
DOI : 10.1899/11-062.1

N. Friberg, J. B. Dybkaer, J. S. Olafsson, G. M. Gislason, S. E. Larsen et al., Relationships between structure and function in streams contrasting in temperature, Freshwater Biology, vol.61, issue.10, pp.2051-2068, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02234.x

A. R. Gaufin and S. Hern, Laboratory studies on tolerance of aquatic insects to heated waters, J. Kansas Entomol. Soc, vol.44, pp.240-245, 1971.

M. O. Gessner, C. , and E. , Ergosterol-to-biomass conversion factors for aquatic hyphomycetes, Appl. Environ. Microbiol, vol.59, pp.502-507, 1993.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01494940

M. O. Gessner, C. , and E. , Importance of Stream Microfungi in Controlling Breakdown Rates of Leaf Litter, Ecology, vol.75, issue.6, pp.1807-1817, 1994.
DOI : 10.2307/1939639

M. O. Gessner, M. Thomas, A. Jean-louis, C. , and E. , Stable successional patterns of aquatic hyphomycetes on leaves decaying in a summer cool stream, Mycological Research, vol.97, issue.2, pp.163-172, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/S0953-7562(09)80238-4

M. O. Gessner, E. Chauvet, and M. Dobson, A Perspective on Leaf Litter Breakdown in Streams, Oikos, vol.85, issue.2, pp.377-383, 1999.
DOI : 10.2307/3546505

A. L. Gonçalves, M. A. Graça, C. , and C. , The effect of temperature on leaf decomposition and diversity of associated aquatic hyphomycetes depends on the substrate, Fungal Ecology, vol.6, issue.6, pp.546-553, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.funeco.2013.07.002

J. M. González and M. A. Graça, Conversion of leaf litter to secondary production by a shredding caddis-fly, Freshwater Biology, vol.34, issue.9, pp.1578-1592, 2003.
DOI : 10.1126/science.277.5322.102

J. A. Gore, Discharge measurements and streamflow analysis In Methods in stream ecology, pp.53-74, 1996.

M. A. Graça, C. , and C. , Leaf Quality of Some Tropical and Temperate Tree Species as Food Resource for Stream Shredders, International Review of Hydrobiology, vol.28, issue.1, pp.27-41, 2010.
DOI : 10.1002/iroh.200911173

M. A. Graça, F. Bärlocher, and M. O. Gessner, Methods to study litter decomposition. A practical guide, 2005.

V. Gulis, Are there any substrate preferences in aquatic hyphomycetes?, Mycological Research, vol.105, issue.9, pp.1088-1093, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0953-7562(08)61971-1

V. Gulis, V. Ferreira, and M. A. Graça, Stimulation of leaf litter decomposition and associated fungi and invertebrates by moderate eutrophication: implications for stream assessment, Freshwater Biology, vol.37, issue.9, pp.1655-1669, 2006.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2427.1994.tb01136.x

I. D. Hogg, W. , and D. D. , Response of Stream Invertebrates to a Global-Warming Thermal Regime: An Ecosystem-Level Manipulation, Ecology, vol.77, issue.2, pp.395-407, 1996.
DOI : 10.2307/2265617

I. D. Hogg, D. D. Williams, J. M. Eadie, and S. A. Butt, The consequences of global warming for stream invertebrates: A field simulation, Journal of Thermal Biology, vol.20, issue.1-2, pp.199-206, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0306-4565(94)00057-P

J. G. Irons, M. W. Oswood, R. J. Stout, and C. M. Pringle, Latitudinal patterns in leaf litter breakdown: is temperature really important?, Freshwater Biology, vol.2, issue.2, pp.401-411, 1994.
DOI : 10.2307/1936741

A. O. Li, L. C. Ng, and D. Dudgeon, Effects of leaf toughness and nitrogen content on litter breakdown and macroinvertebrates in a tropical stream, Aquatic Sciences, vol.71, issue.1, pp.80-93, 2009.
DOI : 10.1007/s00027-008-8117-y

A. M. Marcarelli and W. A. Wurtsbaugh, Temperature and nutrient supply interact to control nitrogen fixation in oligotrophic streams: An experimental examination, Limnology and Oceanography, vol.51, issue.5, pp.2278-2289, 2006.
DOI : 10.4319/lo.2006.51.5.2278

P. Miranda, F. E. Coelho, A. R. Tomé, and M. A. Valente, 20th century Portuguese climate and climate scenarios, Climate change in Portugal. Scenarios, impacts and adaptation measures. SIAM Project. Edited by F.D. Santos, K. Forbes, and R. Moita. Gradiva Publications, Lda, pp.23-83, 2002.

J. C. Morrill, R. C. Bales, and M. H. Conklin, Estimating Stream Temperature from Air Temperature: Implications for Future Water Quality, Journal of Environmental Engineering, vol.131, issue.1, pp.139-1460733, 2005.
DOI : 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2005)131:1(139)

L. G. Nikolcheva and F. Bärlocher, Seasonal and substrate preferences of fungi colonizing leaves in streams: traditional versus molecular evidence, Environmental Microbiology, vol.43, issue.2, pp.270-280, 2005.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.17.1.567

M. L. Ostrofsky, Relationship between Chemical Characteristics of Autumn-Shed Leaves and Aquatic Processing Rates, Journal of the North American Benthological Society, vol.16, issue.4, pp.750-759, 1997.
DOI : 10.2307/1468168

C. Parmesan, Y. , and G. , A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems, Nature, vol.4, issue.6918, pp.37-42, 2003.
DOI : 10.1038/34073

R. G. Pearson and L. Boyero, Gradients in regional diversity of freshwater taxa, Journal of the North American Benthological Society, vol.28, issue.2, pp.504-514, 2009.
DOI : 10.1899/08-118.1

J. M. Pilgrim, X. Fang, S. , and H. G. , STREAM TEMPERATURE CORRELATIONS WITH AIR TEMPERATURES IN MINNESOTA: IMPLICATIONS FOR CLIMATE WARMING, Journal of the American Water Resources Association, vol.11, issue.2, 1998.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01091841

S. Rouifed, I. T. Handa, J. David, and S. Hättenschwiler, The importance of biotic factors in predicting global change effects on decomposition of temperate forest leaf litter, Oecologia, vol.19, issue.1, pp.247-256, 2010.
DOI : 10.1007/s00442-009-1528-1
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00505392

E. P. Smith, BACI design, Encyclopidia of environmetrics, pp.141-148, 2002.

B. A. Stewart, The effect of invertebrates on leaf decomposition rates in two small woodland streams in southern Africa, Arch. Hydrobiol, vol.124, pp.19-33, 1992.

H. Tachet, P. Richoux, M. Bournaud, and F. Usseglio-polatera, Invertébrés d'eau douce, 2010.

B. R. Taylor, C. , and E. , Relative influence of shredders and fungi on leaf litter decomposition along a river altitudinal gradient, Hydrobiologia, vol.336, issue.211, pp.239-250, 2014.
DOI : 10.1007/s10750-013-1666-7
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01177621

K. Thomas, G. A. Chilvers, N. , and R. H. , Aquatic hyphomycetes from different substrates: substrate preference and seasonal occurrence, Marine and Freshwater Research, vol.43, issue.2, pp.491-509, 1992.
DOI : 10.1071/MF9920491

M. N. Thormann, S. E. Bayley, C. , and R. S. , litter from southern boreal peatlands, Canadian Journal of Microbiology, vol.50, issue.10, pp.793-802, 2004.
DOI : 10.1139/w04-064

L. W. Traill, M. L. Lim, N. S. Sodhi, and C. J. Bradshaw, REVIEW: Mechanisms driving change: altered species interactions and ecosystem function through global warming, Journal of Animal Ecology, vol.292, issue.5, pp.937-947, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01695.x

R. L. Vannote, G. W. Minshall, K. W. Cummins, J. R. Sedall, and C. E. Cushing, The River Continuum Concept, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, vol.37, issue.1, pp.130-137, 1980.
DOI : 10.1139/f80-017

G. Woodward, D. M. Perkins, and L. E. Brown, Climate change and freshwater ecosystems: impacts across multiple levels of organization, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.1, issue.7, pp.2093-2106, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tree.2005.04.005