N. Ahmed and H. J. Miller, Time???space transformations of geographic space for exploring, analyzing and visualizing transportation systems, Journal of Transport Geography, vol.15, issue.1, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2005.11.004

S. Bae and K. Chwa, Shortest Paths and Voronoi Diagrams with Transportation Networks Under General Distances, Algorithms and Computation, édité par Xiaotie Deng et Ding-Zhu Du, pp.1007-1025, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/11602613_100

J. C. Baird, M. Wagner, and E. Noma, Impossible Cognitive Spaces, Impossible Cognitive Spaces, pp.204-220, 1982.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1982.tb00069.x

D. Banister, The trilogy of distance, speed and time, Journal of Transport Geography, vol.19, issue.4, pp.950-59, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2010.12.004

K. Behrens, A. R. Lamorgese, G. I. Ottaviano, and E. T. Tabuchi, Changes in transport and non-transport costs: Local vs global impacts in a spatial network, Regional Science and Urban Economics, vol.37, issue.6, pp.625-673, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2007.08.003

L. Belton, De la permanence du concept de fronti??re. Les liens entre travail et vie priv??e ?? La D??fense, Espaces et sociétés, pp.99-113, 2009.
DOI : 10.3917/esp.138.0099

R. Brunet, « Les sens de la distance, Atala, vol.12, pp.13-32, 2009.

W. Bunge, Theoretical geography. seconde éd, 1962.

M. Cadwallader, Problems in Cognitive Distance: Implications for Cognitive Mapping, Environment and Behavior, vol.11, issue.4, pp.559-76, 1979.
DOI : 10.1177/0013916579114007

C. Chivallon, « L'espace, le réel et l'imaginaire : a-t-on encore besoin de la géographie culturelle ? ». Annales de géographie, pp.660-661, 2008.

G. Costeseque and J. Lebacque, A variational formulation for higher order macroscopic traffic flow models: Numerical investigation, Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, vol.70, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.trb.2014.08.012
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01214657

K. W. Deutsch and W. Isard, A note on a generalized concept of effective distance, Behavioral Science, vol.54, issue.4, pp.308-319, 1961.
DOI : 10.1002/bs.3830060406

P. Dumolard, « Distances, accessibility and spatial diffusion Geographical Inforation Systems series, Modelling urban dynamics, édité par Marius Thériault et François des Rosiers, pp.189-204, 2011.

J. Eaton and S. Kortum, Technology, Geography, and Trade, Econometrica, vol.70, issue.5, pp.1741-79, 2002.
DOI : 10.1111/1468-0262.00352

L. Fahrig, Non-optimal animal movement in human-altered landscapes, Functional Ecology, vol.10, issue.6, pp.1003-1018, 2007.
DOI : 10.1111/j.0030-1299.2005.13711.x

J. Felsenstein, DISTANCE METHODS: A REPLY TO FARRIS, Cladistics, vol.20, issue.2, pp.130-173, 1986.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1096-0031.1986.tb00448.x

A. C. Gatrell, Distance and space: a geographical perspective, 1983.

R. Golledge and . George, Spatial Behavior: A Geographical Perspective, 1997.

S. J. Guy, J. Chhugani, S. Curtis, P. Dubey, M. Lin et al., « PLEdestrians: a least-effort approach to crowd simulation, Proceedings of the 2010 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation, pp.119-147, 2010.

P. Haggett, Geography, a global synthesis, 2001.

E. T. Hall, The Hidden Dimension. Anchor Books, 1969.

J. Huriot, J. Perreur, and I. Derognat, « Espace et distance » In Encyclopédie d'économie spatiale: concepts -comportements -organisations, pp.35-46, 1994.

. Huriot, T. Jean-marie, J. Smith, and . Thisse, Minimum-Cost Distances in Spatial Analysis, Geographical Analysis, vol.13, issue.4, pp.294-315, 1989.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1989.tb00898.x

W. Isard and M. Dacey, ON THE PROJECTION OF INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR IN REGIONAL ANALYSIS: I???, Journal of Regional Science, vol.1, issue.1, pp.1-34, 1962.
DOI : 10.1037/h0041771

J. Jacobs, The Death and Life of Great American Cities, 1961.
DOI : 10.1002/9781119084679.ch4

P. S. Kanaroglou, D. Christopher, . Higgins, A. Tufayel, and . Chowdhury, Excess commuting: a critical review and comparative analysis of concepts, indices, and policy implications, Journal of Transport Geography, vol.44, pp.13-23, 2015.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2015.02.009

A. Kellerman, Daily Spatial Mobilities: Physical and Virtual, 2012.

. King, F. Gerhart, M. Et-truman, and . Mast, « Excess travel: causes, extent, and consequences », Transportation Research Record, 1111.

M. Lamure, « Proximité (s), voisinage et distance, Approches multiformes de la proximité, édité par Michel Bellet, pp.9-12, 1998.

F. Leurent, E. Chandakas, and A. Poulhès, User and service equilibrium in a structural model of traffic assignment to a transit network, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, vol.20, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.08.056
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00852962

J. Lévy, L'invention du monde. Presses de la Fondation nationale des sciences politiques, 2008.

L. 'hostis and A. , « Images de synthèse pour l'aménagement du territoire: la déformation de l'espace par les réseaux de transport rapide, Géographie et Aménagement, 1997.

K. Lynch, Good city form, 1981.

K. Lynch and L. Rodwin, A Theory of Urban Form, Journal of the American Institute of Planners, vol.24, issue.4, pp.201-215, 1958.
DOI : 10.1080/01944365808978281

D. Martouzet, « Normes et valeurs en aménagement-urbanisme, limites de la rationalité et nécessité de prise en compte du multi-niveaux, 2002.

A. Masucci, D. Paolo, . Smith, M. Crooks, and . Batty, Random planar graphs and the London street network, Random planar graphs and the London street network, pp.259-71, 2009.
DOI : 10.1140/epjb/e2009-00290-4

T. Ma and J. Lebacque, Dynamic System Optimal Routing in Multimodal Transit Network, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, vol.2351, 2012.
DOI : 10.3141/2351-09
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00740347

P. Mathis, Graphs and Networks: Multilevel Modelling, 2007.
DOI : 10.1002/9781118595473

H. J. Miller and E. A. Wentz, Representation and Spatial Analysis in Geographic Information Systems, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, vol.11, issue.3, pp.574-94, 2003.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1990.tb00216.x

I. Moar and G. H. Bower, Inconsistency in spatial knowledge, Memory & Cognition, vol.31, issue.2, pp.107-1310, 1983.
DOI : 10.3758/BF03213464

P. L. Mokhtarian, « What happens when mobility-inclined market segments face accessibility-enhancing policies?, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, vol.3, issue.3, pp.129-169, 1998.

P. L. Mokhtarian and . Et-ilan-salomon, « How derived is the demand for travel? Some conceptual and measurement considerations ». Transportation research part A: Policy and practice, pp.35-695, 2001.

S. Moody and S. Melia, Shared space ??? research, policy and problems, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Transport. ICE, 2013.
DOI : 10.1680/tran.12.00047

G. Olsson and S. Gale, SPATIAL THEORY AND HUMAN BEHAVIOUR, Papers in Regional Science, vol.21, issue.1, pp.229-271, 1968.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1435-5597.1968.tb01450.x

B. Pradel and . Et-leslie-belton-chevallier, « Les routines spatiales à la frontière du travail ». Mobilités et modes de vie métropolitains, les intelligences du quotidien, pp.279-92, 2010.

D. Pumain, « Essai sur la distance et l'espace géographique, Atala, vol.12, pp.33-49, 2009.

P. Rietveld and R. Vickermann, Transport in regional science: The ?death of distance? is premature, Papers in Regional Science, vol.83, issue.1, pp.229-277, 2004.
DOI : 10.1007/s10110-003-0184-9

D. A. Schilling, K. E. Rosing, and C. S. Revelle, Network distance characteristics that affect computational effort in p-median location problems, European Journal of Operational Research, vol.127, issue.3, pp.525-561, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-2217(99)00336-7

G. Simmel, Simmel on Culture: Selected Writings, SAGE, 1997.

T. E. Smith, Shortest-Path Distances: An Axiomatic Approach, Geographical Analysis, vol.102, issue.1, pp.1-31, 1989.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1538-4632.1989.tb00874.x

S. R. Steadman, Recent research in the archaeology of architecture: Beyond the foundations, Journal of Archaeological Research, vol.8, issue.6, pp.51-93, 1996.
DOI : 10.1007/BF02228838

D. Z. Sui, Tobler's First Law of Geography: A Big Idea for a Small World?, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, vol.2, issue.2, pp.269-77, 2004.
DOI : 10.1038/30918

K. Tester, The Flaneur. Social Theory, Oxon: Routledge, 1994.

W. Tobler and . Rudolph, « Map transformation of geographic space, Geography, 1961.

G. Zipf and . Kingsley, Human Behaviour and the Principle of Least-Effort, 1949.