Absolute and Conventional Points of View in Jainism : A Historical Perspective
Résumé
The pan-Indian distinction between two points of view on reality is to be found in Jainism, mainly in the teaching of the Digambara philosopher Kundakunda. In his Samayasāra, he invites to search for the real nature of the self, instead of climbing the different scales elaborated in the Jain doctrine in order to help the adept to progress on the path of liberation. Kundakunda started a lineage of Jain philosophers, reformists, and poets inspired by his thought. From Yogīndu in the sixth century to Rājacandra in the late nineteenth century, the distinction between these two points of view is essential but it is marked by an evolution: if Kundakunda employed an ironic tone to describe the conventional aspects of the religion, Rājacandra said that both are useful to help the voluntary adept. This tension is particularly obvious in the texts which emerged from the Adhyātma, a seventeenth-century movement of Jain laymen.
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