Assessing the economic profit of a vehicle-to-grid strategy for current unbalance minimization
Résumé
Plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) under the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) concept, providing ancillary services such asregulation, spinning reserves and peak shaving have been subjectof many research works. However, power quality issues, such ascurrent unbalance and voltage unbalance have had less receptionamong researchers in recent years. In order to draw attention onthis matter, the purpose of this paper is to assess the economicprofit of current-unbalance-minimization strategy as a new V2Gapplication, from the point of view of PEV owners connected at acommon-connection-point (CCP) in a low voltage (LV) network.To do so, the economic profit formulation is included in a PEVsmart charging strategy for current unbalance minimization andthe new strategy is tested on LV network environment, whosespecifications are taken from French energy and distributionsystems. Results show that uncoordinated charging causes a PEVuser an average negative profit of -40 Eurocents over a day, whereasusing the CUF minimization strategy with V2G capabilities,the negative average profit, over a day, is reduced to -2 Eurocents.Moreover, positive average profit per hour is registered throughthe afternoon and evening, leaving negative average profit perhour (necessary to charge the PEV’s battery) for late night andearly morning hours when energy prices are the lowest.