Influence of sediment composition on PAH toxicity using zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryo-larval assays

Prescilla Perrichon (1, 2) , Florane Le Bihanic (3) , Paco Bustamante (1) , Karyn Le Menach (3) , Hélène Budzinski (3) , Jérôme Cachot (3) , Xavier Cousin (2, 4)

1 LIENSs - LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés
2 IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer
3 EPOC - Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques
4 LPGP - Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons

Due to hydrophobic and persistent properties, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have a high capacity to accumulate in sediment. Sediment quality criteria, for the assessment of habitat quality and risk for aquatic life, include understanding the fate and effects of PAHs. In the context of European regulation (REACH and Water Framework Directive), the first objective was to assess the influence of sediment composition on the toxicity of two model PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene and fluoranthene using 10 day-zebrafish embryo-larval assay. This procedure was undertaken with an artificial sediment in order to limit natural sediment variability. A suitable sediment composition might be then validated for zebrafish and proposed in a new OECD guideline for chemicals testing. Second, a comparative study of toxicity responses from this exposure protocol was then performed using another OECD species, the Japanese medaka. The potential toxicity of both PAHs was assessed through lethal (e.g. survival, hatching success) and sublethal endpoints (e.g. abnormalities, PMR and EROD) measured at different developmental stages, adapted to the embryonic development time of both species. Regarding effects observed for both species, a suitable artificial sediment composition for PAH toxicity testing was set at 92.5 % dw silica of 0.2-0.5 mm grain size, 5 % dw kaolin clay without organic matter for zebrafish and 2.5 % dw blond peat in more only for Japanese medaka. PAH bioavailability and toxicity were highly dependent on the fraction of organic matter in sediment and of the Kow coefficients of the tested compounds. The biological responses observed were also dependent of the species under consideration. Japanese medaka embryos appeared more robust than zebrafish embryos for understanding the toxicity of PAHs due to the longer exposure duration and it lower sensitivity of sediment physical properties.

Mots clés: PAHs; teratogenicity.; Fish embryo-larval assay; artificial sediment; EROD; behavioral performance

Domaines: Ecotoxicologie

Prescilla Perrichon, Florane Le Bihanic, Paco Bustamante, Karyn Le Menach, Hélène Budzinski, et al.. Influence of sediment composition on PAH toxicity using zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryo-larval assays. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2014, 21 (24), pp.13703 - 13719. ⟨10.1007/s11356-014-3502-7⟩. ⟨hal-01107637⟩