Life Cycle Assessment : gas emissions of greenhouse material flows for two types of construction - Application of a holiday cottage
Résumé
BACKGROUND PURPOSE The life cycle assessment (LCA) of the series of ISO 14040 standards [1], allows to estimate the environmental impacts of a product, from the extraction of raw materials to the end of life. In the building industry, this method enables to provide quantitative indicators of environmental impacts of the products and materials used. This concept proposes to take into account a number of principles, methods and technical to reduce environmental impacts at each stage of the implementation of the construction. In the context described above, the aim of this article is directly related to the proposal of an environmental impact assessment methodology, applied to buildings in an analytical and global approach. . This study provides a new tool for environmental evaluation on the carbon footprint that applies to buildings of any kind. Five types of material are identified at a first level of description: structural work products (PGO), second work products (PSO), equipment products (PE), activity products (PA) and current consumption products (PCC). Several descriptive and analytic parameters are associated with these materials. In this study, we intend to assess the environmental impacts of the buildings of a holiday cottage, based on two methods of construction (mineral materials and organic type). We will illustrate the methodological aspects related to the realization of this tool, based on a systemic and typological approach. The concept of the tool is a systemic and typological approach which makes it possible to assess the problems and developments of a system. Several scales are identified and analyzed : Your caption can go here. METHODS [1] N. E. I. 14040, Management environnemental. Analyse du cycle de vie, Principes et cadre, 2006. [2] INIES, "Base nationale française de référence sur les impacts environnementaux et sanitaires des produits, équipements et services pour l'évaluation de la performance des ouvrages," 2013. [Online]. Available: www.base-inies.fr/. [Accessed avril 2014]. [3] ADEME, "Base Carbone," [Online]. Available: www.basecarbone.fr. [Accessed avril 2014]. Based on a selection criterion taking into account the environmental impact, a significant reduction of the carbon pollutants is possible. According to this study, the organic building type construction would have less impact than mineral construction with a gap of 373 t CO2 eq. (Either -295 t CO2 eq. for organic construction and 77 t CO2 eq. for mineral construction). More precisely it is when considering the emissions of materials for the structure and the frame, that one can note a difference between the two types of construction. In this sense, the study not only highlights the influence of the choice of materials, but mainly showed the point of the LCA approach to assess the environmental impact of a building. Indeed, this methodology allows both to have a synthetic and analytical approach. Furthermore, other test elements will be added to the tool. To consider all the carbon emissions of the built space, equipment products (PE), Activity products (PA) and consumer current products (PCC), will be addressed. This same tool will eventually perform other analyzes of environmental impacts such as the resource use or the air acidification.
Domaines
Construction durable
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