Improvement of Electrode/Electrolyte Interfaces in High-Voltage Spinel Lithium-Ion Batteries by Using Glutaric Anhydride as Electrolyte Additive

H. Bouayad (1) , Z. Wang (2) , Nicolas Dupre (2, 3, 4) , Rémi Dedryvère (1, 3, 4) , Dominique Foix (1, 3, 4) , S. Franger (5) , J.-F. Martin (6) , L. Boutafa (6) , S. Patoux (6) , Danielle Gonbeau (1, 3, 4) , Dominique Guyomard (2, 3, 4)

1 IPREM - Institut pluridisciplinaire de recherche sur l'environnement et les matériaux
2 IMN - Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel
3 RS2E - Réseau sur le stockage électrochimique de l'énergie
4 ALISTORE-ERI - Advanced Lithium Energy Storage Systems - ALISTORE-ERI
5 ICMMO - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay
6 LITEN - Laboratoire d'Innovation pour les Technologies des Energies Nouvelles et les nanomatériaux

High-voltage spinet oxides combined with Li4Ti5O12 result in 3 V Li-ion batteries with a high power capability, but electrochemical performances are limited by electrode/electrolyte interfacial reactivity at high potential. We have investigated glutaric anhydride (GA) as an electrolyte additive to improve the performances of LiNi0.4Mn1.6O4/ Li4Ti5O12 cells. We showed that GA efficiently reduces both the capacity fading upon cycling and the self-discharge. From X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements, we showed that GA reduces salt (LiPF6) degradation. Addition of 2% GA in the electrolyte results in a passivation film at the surface of both electrodes, which is mainly composed of organic compounds resulting from degradation of GA. The film is much thicker but less resistive due to a better ionic conductivity, and behaves like a polymer electrolyte interface.

Domaines: Science des matériaux [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]

H. Bouayad, Z. Wang, Nicolas Dupre, Rémi Dedryvère, Dominique Foix, et al.. Improvement of Electrode/Electrolyte Interfaces in High-Voltage Spinel Lithium-Ion Batteries by Using Glutaric Anhydride as Electrolyte Additive. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2014, 118 (9), pp.4634. ⟨10.1021/jp5001573⟩. ⟨hal-00989014⟩