O. Afe, A. Richter, B. Sierk, F. Wittrock, and J. Burrows, BrO emission from volcanoes: A survey using GOME and SCIAMACHY measurements, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.106, issue.24, pp.10-1029, 2004.
DOI : 10.1029/2004GL020994

S. Arellano, M. Hall, P. Samaniego, J. Lepennec, A. Ruiz et al., Degassing patterns of Tungurahua volcano (Ecuador) during the 1999???2006 eruptive period, inferred from remote spectroscopic measurements of SO2 emissions, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.176, issue.1, pp.151-162, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.07.007
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00364374

J. Baray, G. Ancellet, F. Taupin, M. Bessafi, S. Baldy et al., Subtropical tropopause break as a possible stratospheric source of ozone in the tropical troposphere, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, vol.60, issue.1, pp.27-36, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S1364-6826(97)00116-8

P. Bechtold, E. Bazile, F. Guichard, P. Mascart, R. et al., A mass-flux convection scheme for regional and global models, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.43, issue.573, pp.869-886, 2001.
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49712757309

C. Bhugwant, B. Siéja, M. Bessafi, T. Staudacher, and J. Ecormier, Atmospheric sulfur dioxide measurements during the 2005 and 2007 eruptions of the Piton de La Fournaise volcano: Implications for human health and environmental changes, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.184, issue.1-2, pp.208-224, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.04.012

P. Bougeault and P. Lacarrere, Parameterization of Orography-Induced Turbulence in a Mesobeta--Scale Model, Monthly Weather Review, vol.117, issue.8, pp.1872-1890, 1989.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0493(1989)117<1872:POOITI>2.0.CO;2

S. A. Carn, N. A. Krotkov, K. Yang, R. M. Hoff, A. J. Prata et al., Extended observations of volcanic SO2 and sulfate aerosol in the stratosphere, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss, vol.75194, pp.2857-287110, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00302609

S. A. Carn, A. Krueger, S. Arellano, N. Krotkov, Y. et al., Daily monitoring of Ecuadorian volcanic degassing from space, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.176, issue.1, pp.141-150, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.01.029

G. Clain, J. L. Baray, R. Delmas, R. Diab, J. Leclair-de-bellevue et al., Tropospheric ozone climatology at two Southern Hemisphere tropical/subtropical sites, (Reunion Island and Irene, South Africa) from ozonesondes, LIDAR, and in situ aircraft measurements, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.9, issue.5, pp.1723-173410, 1723.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-9-1723-2009
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00366463

J. Cohard, J. J. Pinty, and . Roy, A comprehensive two-moment warm microphysical bulk scheme. II: 2D experiments with a non-hydrostatic model, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.38, issue.566, pp.1843-1859, 2000.
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49712656614

D. Coppola, D. Piscopo, T. Staudacher, C. , and C. , Lava discharge rate and effusive pattern at Piton de la Fournaise from MODIS data, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.184, issue.1-2, pp.174-192, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.11.031

V. Crassier, K. Suhre, P. Tulet, R. , and R. , Development of a reduced chemical scheme for use in mesoscale meteorological models, Atmospheric Environment, vol.34, issue.16, pp.2633-2644, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00480-X

P. Delmelle, J. Stix, P. Baxter, J. Garcia-alvarez, and J. Barquero, Atmospheric dispersion, environmental effects and potential health hazard associated with the low-altitude gas plume of Masaya volcano, Nicaragua, Bulletin of Volcanology, vol.64, issue.6, pp.423-434, 2002.
DOI : 10.1007/s00445-002-0221-6

S. Deroussi, M. Diament, J. Feret, T. Nebut, and T. Staudacher, Localization of cavities in a thick lava flow by microgravimetry, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.184, issue.1-2, pp.193-198, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.10.002

R. Diab, A. Thompson, K. Mari, L. Ramsay, C. et al., Tropospheric ozone climatology over Irene, South Africa, From, J. Geophys. Res, pp.10-1029, 1990.
DOI : 10.1029/2004jd004793

S. Eckhardt, A. J. Prata, P. Seibert, K. Stebel, and A. Stohl, Estimation of the vertical profile of sulfur dioxide injection into the atmosphere by a volcanic eruption using satellite column measurements and inverse transport modeling, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.85194, pp.3881-389710, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00303987

M. Edmonds, C. Oppenheimer, D. Pyle, and R. Herd, Rainwater and ash leachate analysis as proxies for plume chemistry atSoufrì ere Hills Volcano, Monserrat, in: Volcanic Degassing, pp.203-218, 2003.

A. Georgoulias, D. Balis, M. Koukouli, C. Meleti, A. Bais et al., A study of the total atmospheric sulfur dioxide load using ground-based measurements and the satellite derived Sulfur Dioxide Index, Atmospheric Environment, vol.43, issue.9, pp.1693-1701, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.12.012

A. Grini, P. Tulet, and L. Gomes, Dusty weather forecasts using the MesoNH mesoscale atmospheric model, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.108, issue.D17, pp.10-1029, 2006.
DOI : 10.1029/2005JD007007

D. J. Hoffman, Perturbations to the global atmosphere associated with the El Chichon volcanic eruption of 1982, Reviews of Geophysics, vol.23, issue.3, pp.743-759, 1982.
DOI : 10.1029/RG025i004p00743

D. J. Hoffman, J. Rosen, and W. Gringel, Delayed production of sulfuric acid condensation nuclei in the polar stratosphere from El Chichon volcanic vapors, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.25, issue.1, pp.2341-2354, 1985.
DOI : 10.1029/JD090iD01p02341

M. Khokhar, C. Frankenberg, M. Vanroozendael, S. Beirle, S. Kuhl et al., Satellite observations of atmospheric SO2 from volcanic eruptions during the time-period of 1996???2002, Advances in Space Research, vol.36, issue.5, pp.879-887, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/j.asr.2005.04.114

N. Krotkov, S. Carn, A. Krueger, P. Bhartia, Y. et al., Band residual difference algorithm for retrieval of SO/sub 2/ from the aura ozone monitoring instrument (OMI), IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, vol.44, issue.5, pp.1259-1266, 2006.
DOI : 10.1109/TGRS.2005.861932

N. Krotkov, B. Mcclure, R. Dickerson, S. Carn, C. Li et al., Validation of SO2 retrievals from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument over NE China, J. Geophys. Res, vol.113, pp.16-4010, 1029.

A. Krueger, L. Walter, P. Bhartia, C. Schnetzler, N. Krotkov et al., Volcanic sulfur dioxide measurements from the total ozone mapping spectrometer instruments, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.8, issue.32, pp.14057-14076, 1995.
DOI : 10.1029/95JD01222

M. Kulmala, A. Laaksonen, and L. Pirjola, Parameterizations for sulfuric acid/water nucleation rates, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.94, issue.D7, pp.8301-8307, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/97JD03718

J. P. Lafore, J. Stein, N. Asencio, P. Bougeault, V. Ducrocq et al., The Meso-NH Atmospheric Simulation System. Part I: adiabatic formulation and control simulations, Annales Geophysicae, vol.16, issue.1, pp.90-10910, 1998.
DOI : 10.1007/s00585-997-0090-6
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00329074

J. Lenat and P. Bachelery, Dynamics of Magma Transfer at Piton de la Fournaise Volcano (R??union Island, Indian Ocean), pp.57-72, 1987.
DOI : 10.1007/978-3-322-89414-4_2

D. Lesouef, F. Gheusi, and R. Delmas, Etude numérique des circulations localesàlocales`localesà la Réunion: application aux transports de polluants, pp.32-38, 2008.

R. Martin, T. Mather, D. Pyle, M. Power, A. Allen et al., Composition-resolved size distributions of volcanic aerosols in the Mt. Etna plumes, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.35, issue.D8, pp.1721110-1029, 2008.
DOI : 10.1029/2007JD009648

T. Mather, D. Pyle, and C. Oppenheimer, Tropospheric volcanic aerosol, Geophys. Mono, vol.102, issue.16, pp.189-212, 2005.
DOI : 10.1029/139GM12

M. Mccormick, L. Thomason, and C. Trepte, Atmospheric effects of the Mt Pinatubo eruption, Nature, vol.373, issue.6513, pp.399-404, 1995.
DOI : 10.1038/373399a0

L. Michon, T. Staudacher, V. Ferrazzini, P. Bachelery, M. et al., collapse of Piton de la Fournaise: a new example of caldera formation, Geophys. Res. Lett, pp.10-1029, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01285148

L. Michon, N. Villeneuve, T. Catry, M. , and O. , How summit calderas collapse on basaltic volcanoes: New insights from the April 2007 caldera collapse of Piton de la Fournaise volcano, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.184, issue.1-2, pp.138-151, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.11.003
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00450273

C. Oppenheimer, D. Pyle, and J. Barclay, Volcanic degassing, www.atmos-chem-phys, Atmos. Chem. Phys, vol.4533, issue.11, pp.4533-4546, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/b0-08-043751-6/03020-6

P. Tulet and N. Villeneuve, Modeling of the 2007 Fournaise eruption Geophysical Society, 2003.

A. Peltier, T. Staudacher, P. Bachelery, and V. Cayol, Formation of the April 2007 caldera collapse at Piton de La Fournaise volcano: Insights from GPS data, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.184, issue.1-2, pp.152-163, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.09.009
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00450769

J. Penner, M. Andreae, H. Annegarn, L. Barrie, J. Feichter et al., Aerosols, their direct and indirect effects, in: Climate Change: The scientific basis, pp.289-349, 2001.

J. Pollack, O. Toon, E. Danielsen, D. Hofmann, and J. And-rosen, The El Chichon volcanic cloud: An introduction, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.10, issue.11, pp.989-992, 1983.
DOI : 10.1029/GL010i011p00989

A. Robock, PINATUBO ERUPTION: The Climatic Aftermath, Science, vol.295, issue.5558, pp.1242-1244, 2002.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1069903

S. Saint-ange, La sédimentation volcanoclastique en contexte de point chaud, Thesis, 2009.

P. Seifert, S. Gross, A. Ansmann, V. Freudenthaler, A. Hiebsch et al., Heterogeneous ice nucleation in the ash plume of Eyjafjoll observed at two central-European EARLINET lidar sites, The 13th Conference on Cloud Physics/13th Conference on atmospheric Radiation, 2010.

J. Seinfeld and S. Pandis, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2006.

T. Staudacher, V. Ferrazzini, A. Peltier, P. Kowalski, P. Boissier et al., The April 2007 eruption and the Dolomieu crater collapse, two major events at Piton de la Fournaise (La R??union Island, Indian Ocean), Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.184, issue.1-2, pp.126-137, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.11.005

K. Suhre, C. Mari, T. Bates, J. Johnson, R. Rosset et al., Physico-chemical modeling of the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1) Lagrangian B: 1. A moving column approach, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.101, issue.D13, pp.16433-16455, 1998.
DOI : 10.1029/98JD00821

A. Sutton, T. Elias, T. Gerlach, and J. Stokes, Implications for eruptive processes as indicated by sulfur dioxide emissions from K????lauea Volcano, Hawai???i, 1979???1997, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol.108, issue.1-4, pp.283-302, 2001.
DOI : 10.1016/S0377-0273(00)00291-2

H. Thomas, I. Watson, C. K. Carn, M. , and S. , A multi-sensor comparison of sulphur dioxide emissions from the 2005 eruption of Sierra Negra volcano, Gal??pagos Islands, Remote Sensing of Environment, vol.113, issue.6, pp.1331-1342, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2009.02.019

P. Tulet, V. Crassier, F. Solmon, D. Guedalia, R. et al., Description of the Mesoscale Nonhydrostatic Chemistry model and application to a transboundary pollution episode between northern France and southern England, Journal of Geophysical Research, vol.2, issue.D22, pp.10-1029, 2003.
DOI : 10.1029/2000JD000301
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00136468

P. Tulet, V. Crassier, F. Cousin, K. Suhre, R. et al., ORILAM, A three moment lognormal aerosol scheme for mesoscale atmospheric model, On-line coupling into the MesoNH-C model and validation on the ESCOMPTE campaign, J. Geophys. Res, pp.10-1029, 2005.

D. M. Winker, J. Pelon, and M. Mccormick, The CALIPSO mission, IGARSS 2003. 2003 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. Proceedings (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37477), pp.23-27, 2002.
DOI : 10.1109/IGARSS.2003.1294098
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00525010

K. Yang, N. Krotkov, A. Krueger, S. Carn, P. Bhartia et al., Retrieval of large volcanic SO 2 columns from the Aura Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI): comparisons and limitations, J. Geophys. Res, vol.112, pp.24-4310, 2007.

K. Yang, X. Liu, N. Krotkov, A. Krueger, C. et al., Estimating the altitude of volcanic sulfur dioxide plumes from space borne hyper-spectral UV measurements, Geophysical Research Letters, vol.36, issue.10, pp.1-6, 2009.
DOI : 10.1029/2009GL038025