S. Iijima, Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon, Nature, vol.354, issue.6348, pp.354-56, 1991.
DOI : 10.1038/354056a0

P. Calvert, Strength in disunity, Nature, vol.357, issue.6377, pp.365-366, 1992.
DOI : 10.1038/357365a0

P. M. Ajayan, O. Stephan, C. Colliex, and D. Trauth, Aligned Carbon Nanotube Arrays Formed by Cutting a Polymer Resin--Nanotube Composite, Science, vol.265, issue.5176, pp.265-1212, 1994.
DOI : 10.1126/science.265.5176.1212

R. S. Ruo€ and D. C. Lorents, Mechanical and thermal properties of carbon nanotubes, Carbon, pp.33-925, 1995.

S. B. Sinnott, C. T. White, and D. W. Brenner, Properties of Novel Fullerene Tubule Structures: A Computational Study, MRS Proceedings, vol.359, pp.359-241, 1995.
DOI : 10.1103/PhysRevB.47.5485

S. Iijima, C. Brabec, A. Maiti, and J. Bernholc, Structural ¯exibility of carbon nanotubes, J. Phys. Chem, vol.104, 1996.

M. M. Treacy, T. W. Ebbesen, and J. M. Gibson, Exceptionally high Young's modulus observed for individ ual carbon nanotubes, Nature, pp.381-678, 1996.

T. W. Ebbesen and P. M. Ajayan, Large-scale synthesis of carbon nanotubes, Nature, vol.358, issue.6383, pp.358-220, 1992.
DOI : 10.1038/358220a0

S. Iijima and T. Ichihashi, Single-shell carbon nanotubes of 1-nm diameter, Nature, vol.363, issue.6430, pp.363-603, 1992.
DOI : 10.1038/363603a0

D. S. Bethune, C. H. Kiang, M. S. De-vries, G. Gorman, R. Savoy et al., Cobalt-catalysed growth of carbon nanotubes with single-atomiclayer walls, Nature, pp.363-605, 1993.

C. H. Kiang, W. A. Goddard, R. Beyers, J. R. Salem, and D. Bethune, Catalytic e€ects of heavy metals on the growth of carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, pp.57-92, 1996.

S. Seraphin and D. Zhou, Single???walled carbon nanotubes produced at high yield by mixed catalysts, Applied Physics Letters, vol.64, issue.16, p.64, 1994.
DOI : 10.1063/1.111691

T. W. Ebbesen, H. J. Lezec, H. Hiura, J. W. Bennett, H. F. Ghaemi et al., Electrical conductivity of individual carbon nanotubes, Nature, vol.382, issue.6586, pp.382-54, 1996.
DOI : 10.1038/382054a0

C. Guerret-piecourt, L. Bouar, Y. Loiseau, A. Pascard, and H. , Relation between metal electronic structure and morphology of metal compounds inside carbon nanotubes, Nature, vol.54, issue.6508, pp.372-761, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0968-4328(94)90055-8
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01069291

A. Thess, R. Lee, P. Nikolaev, H. Dai, P. Petit et al., Crystalline Ropes of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes, Science, vol.273, issue.5274, pp.273-483, 1996.
DOI : 10.1126/science.273.5274.483

S. Witanachchi and P. Mukherjee, Role of temporal delay in dual???laser ablated plumes, Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films, vol.13, issue.3, pp.1171-1174, 1995.
DOI : 10.1116/1.579856

M. J. Yacaman, M. M. Yoshida, L. Rendon, and J. G. Santiesteban, Catalytic growth of carbon microtubules with fullerene structure, Appl. Phys. Lett, pp.62-657, 1993.

R. T. Baker and N. Rodriguez, Catalytic growth of carbon nano®bers and nanotubes, Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc, pp.349-251, 1994.

V. Ivanov, A. Fonseca, J. B. Nagy, A. Lucas, P. Lambin et al., Catalytic production and puri®cation of nanotubules having fullerene-scale diameters, Carbon, pp.33-1727, 1995.

K. Hernadi, A. Fonseca, J. B. Nagy, D. Bernaerts, J. Riga et al., Catalytic synthesis and puri®cation of carbon nanotubes, Synthetic Metals, pp.77-108, 1996.

A. Fonseca, K. Hernadi, J. B. Nagy, P. Lambin, and A. Lucas, Model structure of perfectly graphitizable coiled carbon nanotubes, Carbon, pp.33-1759, 1995.

R. Sen, A. Govindaraj, and C. N. Rao, Carbon nanotubes by the metallocene route, Chemical Physics Letters, vol.267, issue.3-4, pp.267-276, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0009-2614(97)00080-8

S. Herreyre and P. Gadelle, E€ect of hydrogen on the morphology of carbon deposited from the catalytic disproportionation of CO, Carbon, pp.33-234, 1995.

M. Endo, K. Takeuchi, K. Kobori, K. Takahashi, H. W. Kroto et al., Pyrolytic carbon nanotubes from vapor-grown carbon ®bers, Carbon, pp.33-873, 1995.

H. Dai, A. G. Rinzler, P. Nikolaev, A. Thess, D. T. Colbert et al., Single-wall nanotubes produced by metal-catalyzed disproportion of carbon monoxide, Chem. Phys. Lett, pp.260-471, 1996.

G. G. Tibbetts, Why are carbon ®laments tubular?, J. Crystal Growth, pp.66-632, 1984.

R. T. Baker, P. S. Harris, R. B. Thomas, and R. J. Waite, Formation of ®lamentous carbon from iron, cobalt, cobalt and chromium catalysed decomposition of acetylene, J. Catal, pp.30-86, 1993.

S. Amelinckx, X. B. Zhang, D. Bernaerts, X. F. Zhang, . Ivanov et al., A Formation Mechanism for Catalytically Grown Helix-Shaped Graphite Nanotubes, Science, vol.265, issue.5172, pp.265-635, 1994.
DOI : 10.1126/science.265.5172.635

A. Oberlin, M. Endo, and T. Koyama, Filamentous growth of carbon through benzene decomposition, Journal of Crystal Growth, vol.32, issue.3, pp.32-335, 1976.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-0248(76)90115-9

K. Hernadi, A. Fonseca, J. B. Nagy, D. Bernaerts, A. Fudala et al., Catalytic synthesis of carbon nanotubes using zeolite support, Zeolites, vol.17, issue.5-6, pp.17-416, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/S0144-2449(96)00088-7

X. Devaux, C. Laurent, and A. Rousset, Chemical synthesis of metal nanoparticles dispersed in alumina, Nanostruct. Mater, issue.2, pp.339-346, 1993.

C. Laurent, A. Rousset, M. Verelst, K. R. Kannan, A. R. Raju et al., Reduction behaviour of Fe 3+ /Al 2 O 3 obtained from the mixed oxalate precursor and the formation of the Fe 0 -Al 2 O 3 metal±ceramic composite, J. Mater. Chem, issue.3, pp.513-518, 1993.

M. Verelst, K. R. Kannan, G. N. Subbanna, C. N. Rao, C. Laurent et al., Investigations of the reduction behavior of iron-impregnated alumina gels (Fe/AlOOH) and the formation of Fe0???Al2O3 metal-ceramic composites, Journal of Materials Research, vol.3, issue.106, pp.3072-3079, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0025-5408(84)90087-4

C. Laurent, J. J. Demai, A. Rousset, K. R. Kannan, C. N. Rao et al., Al 2 O 3 metal±ceramic composites: nature and size of the metal particles formed during hydrogen reduction, J. Mater. Res, issue.9, pp.229-235, 1994.

C. Laurent, C. Blaszczyk, M. Brieu, and A. Rousset, Elaboration, microstructure and oxidation behavior of metal-alumina and metal-chromia nanocomposite powders, Nanostructured Materials, vol.6, issue.1-4, pp.317-320, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/0965-9773(95)00061-5

O. Queâ-nard, C. Laurent, M. Brieu, and A. Rousset, Synthesis, microstructure and oxidation of Co±MgAl 2 O 4 and Ni±MgAl 2 O 4 nanocomposites powders, NanoStruct. Mater, 1996.

O. Queâ-nard, E. De-grave, C. Laurent, and A. Rousset, Synthesis, microstructure and thermal behaviour of nanocomposites powders, J. Mater. Chem, 1997.

V. Carles, M. Brieu, and A. Rousset, Chemical synthesis and characterization of Fe0.65Ni0.35-MgO nanocomposite powders, Nanostructured Materials, vol.8, issue.5, pp.529-544, 1997.
DOI : 10.1016/S0965-9773(97)00198-0

A. Peigney, C. Laurent, F. Dobigeon, and A. Rousset, Carbon nanotubes grown in situ by a novel catalytic method, Journal of Materials Research, vol.12, issue.03, pp.12-613, 1997.
DOI : 10.1557/JMR.1997.0092
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00972028

C. Laurent, A. Peigney, and A. Rousset, Synthesis of carbon nanotube???Fe-Al2O3 nanocomposite powders by selective reduction of different Al1.8Fe0.2O3 solid solutions, Journal of Materials Chemistry, vol.8, issue.5, pp.1263-1271, 1998.
DOI : 10.1039/a706726g
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00939398

C. Laurent, A. Peigney, O. Dumortier, and A. Rousset, Carbon nanotubes???Fe???Alumina nanocomposites. Part II: microstructure and mechanical properties of the hot-Pressed composites, Journal of the European Ceramic Society, vol.18, issue.14, p.18, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0955-2219(98)00142-3
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00959276

A. Rousset and J. Paris, Formation de solutions solides binaires et ternaires des sesquioxydes de chrome, aluminium et de fer III±Le systeÁ me Fe 2 O 3 ±Al 2 O 3, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr, pp.10-3729, 1972.

A. Muan and S. Somiya, Phase equilibrium studies in the system iron oxide±Al 2 O 3 ±Cr 2 O 3, J. Am. Ceram. Soc, pp.42-603, 1959.

G. L. Messing, J. L. Mcardle, and R. A. Shelleman, The Need for Controlled Heterogeneous Nucleation in Ceramic Processing, MRS Proceedings, vol.48, pp.73-471, 1986.
DOI : 10.1021/j100582a024

R. Seshadri, A. Govindaraj, H. N. Aiyer, R. Sen, G. N. Subbanna et al., Investigations of carbon nanotubes, Current Sci, pp.66-839, 1994.

A. Marchand, X. Devaux, B. Barbara, P. Mollard, M. Brieu et al., Microstructural and magnetic characterization of alumina-iron nanocomposites, Journal of Materials Science, vol.105, issue.8, pp.28-2217, 1993.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00367587

X. Devaux, C. Laurent, M. Brieu, and A. Rousset, Iron-alumina interface in ceramic matrix nanocomposites, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, vol.188, pp.188-179, 1992.
DOI : 10.1016/0925-8388(92)90670-5

D. D. Wagman, J. E. Kirpatrick, W. J. Taylor, K. S. Pitzer, and F. D. Rossini, Heats, free energies, and equilibrium constants of some reactions involving O 2 2 and CH 4, J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stand, issue.2 2, pp.34-143, 1945.

R. T. Baker, J. R. Alonzo, J. A. Dumesic, and D. J. Yates, E€ects of the surface state of iron on ®lamentous carbon formation, J. Catal, pp.74-82, 1977.

X. X. Bi, B. Ganguly, G. P. Hu€man, F. E. Huggins, M. Endo et al., Nanocrystalline ?????Fe, Fe3C, and Fe7C3 produced by CO2 laser pyrolysis, Journal of Materials Research, vol.72, issue.07, pp.1666-1674, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/0022-3697(89)90404-6