M. Flajnik, D. Pasquier, and L. , Evolution of innate and adaptive immunity: can we draw a line?, Trends in Immunology, vol.25, issue.12, pp.640-644, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.it.2004.10.001

D. Hasselquist and J. Nilsson, Maternal transfer of antibodies in vertebrates: trans-generational effects on offspring immunity, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.160, issue.1, pp.51-60, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.exppara.2007.12.018

T. Chucri, J. Monteiro, A. Lima, M. Salvadori, J. Kfoury et al., A review of immune transfer by the placenta, Journal of Reproductive Immunology, vol.87, issue.1-2, pp.14-20, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.jri.2010.08.062

P. Swain and S. Nayak, Role of maternally derived immunity in fish, Fish & Shellfish Immunology, vol.27, issue.2, pp.89-99, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.04.008

E. Haine, Symbiont-mediated protection, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, vol.13, issue.7, pp.353-361, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2004.02203.x

J. Jaenike, R. Unckless, S. Cockburn, L. Boelio, and S. Perlman, Adaptation via Symbiosis: Recent Spread of a Drosophila Defensive Symbiont, Science, vol.329, issue.5988, pp.212-215, 2010.
DOI : 10.1126/science.1188235

J. Hoffmann and J. Reichhart, Drosophila innate immunity: an evolutionary perspective, Nature Immunology, vol.3, issue.2, pp.121-126, 2002.
DOI : 10.1038/ni0202-121

L. Dishaw and G. Litman, Invertebrate Allorecognition: The Origins of Histocompatibility, Current Biology, vol.19, issue.7, pp.286-288, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cub.2009.02.035

C. Marquis, A. Baird, R. De-nys, C. Holmström, and N. Koziumi, An evaluation of the antimicrobial properties of the eggs of 11 species of scleractinian corals, Coral Reefs, vol.28, issue.10, pp.248-253, 2005.
DOI : 10.1007/s00338-005-0473-7

Y. Liang, S. Zhang, and Z. Wang, Alternative Complement Activity in the Egg Cytosol of Amphioxus Branchiostoma belcheri: Evidence for the Defense Role of Maternal Complement Components, PLoS ONE, vol.54, issue.2, p.4234, 2009.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0004234.g007

S. Fraune, A. R. Bosch, and T. , Embryo protection in contemporary immunology, Communicative & Integrative Biology, vol.156, issue.4, pp.369-372, 2011.
DOI : 10.1002/bies.200900192

B. Groombridge and M. Jenkins, World Atlas of Biodiversity: earth's living resources in the 21st century, 2002.

B. Gryseels, K. Polman, J. Clerinx, and L. Kestens, Human schistosomiasis, The Lancet, vol.368, issue.9541, pp.1106-1118, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69440-3

D. Pimentel, Life History of Australorbis Glabratus, The Intermediate Snail Host of Schistosoma Mansoni in Puerto Rico, Ecology, vol.38, issue.4, pp.576-580, 1957.
DOI : 10.2307/1943122

J. Hathaway, C. Adema, B. Stout, C. Mobarak, and E. Loker, Identification of protein components of egg masses indicates parental investment in immunoprotection of offspring by Biomphalaria glabrata (Gastropoda, Mollusca), Developmental & Comparative Immunology, vol.34, issue.4, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dci.2009.12.001

C. Bingle and C. Craven, Meet the relatives: a family of BPI- and LBP-related proteins, Trends in Immunology, vol.25, issue.2, pp.53-55, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.it.2003.11.007

L. Beamer, D. Fischer, and D. Eisenberg, Detecting distant relatives of mammalian LPS-binding and lipid transport proteins, Protein Science, vol.34, issue.7, pp.1643-1646, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/pro.5560070721

G. Canny and O. Levy, Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) and BPI homologs at mucosal sites, Trends in Immunology, vol.29, issue.11, pp.541-547, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.it.2008.07.012

P. Elsbach and J. Weiss, The bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI), a potent element in host-defense Against gram-negative bacteria and lipopolysaccharide, Immunobiology, vol.187, issue.3-5, pp.417-429, 1993.
DOI : 10.1016/S0171-2985(11)80354-2

M. Fenton and D. Golenbock, LPS-binding proteins and receptors, J Leukoc Biol, vol.64, pp.25-32, 1998.

P. Elsbach and J. Weiss, Role of the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein in host defence, Current Opinion in Immunology, vol.10, issue.1, pp.45-49, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0952-7915(98)80030-7

H. Schultz, J. Hume, S. Zhang-de, T. Gioannini, and J. Weiss, A Novel Role for the Bactericidal/Permeability Increasing Protein in Interactions of Gram-Negative Bacterial Outer Membrane Blebs with Dendritic Cells, The Journal of Immunology, vol.179, issue.4, pp.2477-2484, 2007.
DOI : 10.4049/jimmunol.179.4.2477

J. Weiss, Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP): structure, function and regulation in host defence against Gram-negative bacteria, Biochemical Society Transactions, vol.31, issue.4, pp.785-790, 2003.
DOI : 10.1042/bst0310785

M. Marra, C. Wilde, M. Collins, J. Snable, and M. Thornton, The role of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein as a natural inhibitor of bacterial endotoxin, J Immunol, vol.148, pp.532-537, 1992.

R. Schumann, S. Leong, G. Flaggs, P. Gray, and S. Wright, Structure and function of lipopolysaccharide binding protein, Science, vol.249, issue.4975, pp.1429-1431, 1990.
DOI : 10.1126/science.2402637

B. Altincicek and A. Vilcinskas, Analysis of the immune-related transcriptome of a lophotrochozoan model, the marine annelid Platynereis dumerilii, Frontiers in Zoology, vol.4, issue.1, p.18, 2007.
DOI : 10.1186/1742-9994-4-18

M. Gonzalez, Y. Gueguen, D. Destoumieux-garzon, B. Romestand, and J. Fievet, Evidence of a bactericidal permeability increasing protein in an invertebrate, the Crassostrea gigas Cg-BPI, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.104, issue.45, pp.17759-17764, 2007.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.0702281104
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00258926

B. Krasity, J. Troll, J. Weiss, and M. Mcfall-ngai, LBP/BPI proteins and their relatives: conservation over evolution and roles in mutualism, Biochemical Society Transactions, vol.12, issue.4, pp.1039-1044, 2011.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/gkn808

F. Guillou, G. Mitta, R. Galinier, and C. Coustau, Identification and expression of gene transcripts generated during an anti-parasitic response in Biomphalaria glabrata, Developmental & Comparative Immunology, vol.31, issue.7, pp.657-671, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dci.2006.10.001
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00170685

M. De-jong-brink and J. Goldschmeding, Endocrine and nervous regulation of female reproductive activity in the gonad and albumen gland of Lymnaea stagnalis, pp.126-131, 1983.

A. Miller, K. Ofori, F. Lewis, and M. Knight, Schistosoma mansoni:Use of a Subtractive Cloning Strategy to Search for RFLPs in Parasite-ResistantBiomphalaria glabrata, Experimental Parasitology, vol.84, issue.3, pp.420-428, 1996.
DOI : 10.1006/expr.1996.0130

L. Beamer, S. Carroll, and D. Eisenberg, The BPI/LBP family of proteins: A structural analysis of conserved regions, Protein Science, vol.180, issue.4, pp.906-914, 1998.
DOI : 10.1002/pro.5560070408

N. Tan, B. Ho, and J. Ding, High-affinity LPS binding domain(s) in recombinant factor C of a horseshoe crab neutralizes LPS-induced lethality, FASEB J, vol.14, pp.859-870, 2000.

C. Capodici, S. Chen, Z. Sidorczyk, P. Elsbach, and J. Weiss, Effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) chain length on interactions of bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein and its bioactive 23-kilodalton NH2-terminal fragment with isolated LPS and intact Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli, Infect Immun, vol.62, pp.259-265, 1994.

H. Gazzano-santoro, J. Parent, L. Grinna, A. Horwitz, and T. Parsons, High-affinity binding of the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein and a recombinant amino-terminal fragment to the lipid A region of lipopolysaccharide, Infect Immun, vol.60, pp.4754-4761, 1992.

N. Lamping, A. Hoess, B. Yu, T. Park, and C. Kirschning, Effects of sitedirected mutagenesis of basic residues (Arg 94, Lys 95, Lys 99) of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding protein on binding and transfer of LPS and subsequent immune cell activation, J Immunol, vol.157, pp.4648-4656, 1996.

S. Kamoun, Molecular Genetics of Pathogenic Oomycetes, Eukaryotic Cell, vol.2, issue.2, pp.191-199, 2003.
DOI : 10.1128/EC.2.2.191-199.2003

A. Phillips, V. Anderson, E. Robertson, C. Secombes, and P. Van-west, New insights into animal pathogenic oomycetes, Trends in Microbiology, vol.16, issue.1, pp.13-19, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.tim.2007.10.013

A. Balakrishnan, S. Marathe, M. Joglekar, and D. Chakravortty, Bactericidal/permeability increasing protein: A multifaceted protein with functions beyond LPS neutralization, Innate Immunity, vol.3, issue.4, pp.339-386, 2012.
DOI : 10.1182/blood-2003-02-0660

E. Galiana, S. Fourre, and G. Engler, biofilm formation: installation and organization of microcolonies on the surface of a host plant, Environmental Microbiology, vol.189, issue.8, pp.2164-2171, 2008.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01619.x

G. Bai, J. Li, B. Christensen, and T. Yoshino, Phenoloxidase activity in the reproductive system and egg masses of the pulmonate gastropod,Biomphalaria glabrata, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol.114, issue.4, pp.353-359, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0305-0491(96)00045-4

K. Benkendorff, A. Davis, and J. Bremner, Chemical Defense in the Egg Masses of Benthic Invertebrates: An Assessment of Antibacterial Activity in 39 Mollusks and 4 Polychaetes, Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, vol.78, issue.2, pp.109-118, 2001.
DOI : 10.1006/jipa.2001.5047

S. Mukai, T. Hoque, F. Morishita, and A. Saleuddin, Cloning and characterization of a candidate nutritive glycoprotein from the albumen gland of the freshwater snail, Helisoma duryi (Mollusca: Pulmonata), Invertebrate Biology, vol.105, issue.1, pp.83-92, 2004.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1744-7410.2004.tb00144.x

N. Takamatsu, T. Shiba, K. Muramoto, and H. Kamiya, Molecular cloning of the defense factor in the albumen gland of the sea hare Aplysia kurodai, FEBS Lett, vol.377, pp.373-376, 1995.

J. Sanchez, J. Lescar, V. Chazalet, A. Audfray, and J. Gagnon, Biochemical and Structural Analysis of Helix pomatia Agglutinin: A HEXAMERIC LECTIN WITH A NOVEL FOLD, Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol.281, issue.29, pp.20171-20180, 2006.
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M603452200
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00141232

J. Weiss, S. Beckerdite-quagliata, and P. Elsbach, Resistance of Gram-negative Bacteria to Purified Bactericidal Leukocyte Proteins, Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol.65, issue.3, pp.619-628, 1980.
DOI : 10.1172/JCI109707

N. Schroder and R. Schumann, Non-LPS targets and actions of LPS binding protein (LBP), Journal of Endotoxin Research, vol.11, issue.4, pp.237-242, 2005.
DOI : 10.1179/096805105X37420

J. Zweigner, H. Gramm, O. Singer, K. Wegscheider, and R. Schumann, High concentrations of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in serum of patients with severe sepsis or septic shock inhibit the lipopolysaccharide response in human monocytes, Blood, vol.98, issue.13, pp.3800-3808, 2001.
DOI : 10.1182/blood.V98.13.3800

G. Beakes, S. Glockling, and S. Sekimoto, The evolutionary phylogeny of the oomycete ???fungi???, Protoplasma, vol.450, issue.2, pp.3-19, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s00709-011-0269-2

P. Van-west, Saprolegnia parasitica, an oomycete pathogen with a fishy appetite: new challenges for an old problem, Mycologist, vol.20, issue.3, pp.99-104, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.mycol.2006.06.004

J. Romansic, K. Diez, E. Higashi, J. Johnson, and A. Blaustein, Effects of the pathogenic water mold Saprolegnia ferax on survival of amphibian larvae, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol.83, pp.187-193, 2009.
DOI : 10.3354/dao02007

H. Judelson, Dynamics and Innovations within Oomycete Genomes: Insights into Biology, Pathology, and Evolution, Eukaryotic Cell, vol.11, issue.11, pp.1304-1312, 2012.
DOI : 10.1128/EC.00155-12

O. Baron, J. Reichhart, M. Ponchet, and C. Coustau, Anti-oomycete activity fo lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding proteins/bactericidal/permeability-increasing proteins, 2013.

B. Tyler, Entering and breaking: virulence effector proteins of oomycete plant pathogens, Cellular Microbiology, vol.19, issue.1, pp.13-20, 2009.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2008.01240.x

H. Melida, J. Sandoval-sierra, J. Dieguez-uribeondo, and V. Bulone, Analyses of Extracellular Carbohydrates in Oomycetes Unveil the Existence of Three Different Cell Wall Types, Eukaryotic Cell, vol.12, issue.2, pp.194-203, 2013.
DOI : 10.1128/EC.00288-12

S. Altschul, T. Madden, A. Schaffer, J. Zhang, and Z. Zhang, Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.25, issue.17, pp.3389-3402, 1997.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/25.17.3389

M. Larkin, G. Blackshields, N. Brown, R. Chenna, and P. Mcgettigan, Clustal W and Clustal X version 2.0, Bioinformatics, vol.23, issue.21, pp.2947-2948, 2007.
DOI : 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm404
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00206210

J. Schultz, R. Copley, T. Doerks, C. Ponting, and P. Bork, SMART: a web-based tool for the study of genetically mobile domains, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.28, issue.1, pp.231-234, 2000.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/28.1.231

H. Nielsen and A. Krogh, Prediction of signal peptides and signal anchors by a hidden Markov model, Proc Int Conf Intell Syst Mol Biol, vol.6, pp.122-130, 1998.

F. Guillou, G. Mitta, C. Dissous, R. Pierce, and C. Coustau, Use of individual polymorphism to validate potential functional markers: case of a candidate lectin (BgSel) differentially expressed in susceptible and resistant strains of Biomphalaria glabrata, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol.138, issue.2, pp.175-181, 2004.
DOI : 10.1016/j.cbpc.2004.03.010

S. Limmer, S. Haller, E. Drenkard, J. Lee, and S. Yu, Pseudomonas aeruginosa RhlR is required to neutralize the cellular immune response in a Drosophila melanogaster oral infection model, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.108, issue.42, pp.17378-17383, 2011.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.1114907108

B. Garcia, A. Pierce, R. Gourbal, B. Werkmeister, E. Colinet et al., Involvement of the Cytokine MIF in the Snail Host Immune Response to the Parasite Schistosoma mansoni, PLoS Pathogens, vol.125, issue.9, p.1001115, 2010.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001115.s004
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/halsde-00608628

P. Van-west, I. De-bruijn, K. Minor, A. Phillips, and E. Robertson, The putative RxLR effector protein SpHtp1 from the fish pathogenic oomycete Saprolegnia parasitica???is translocated into fish cells, FEMS Microbiology Letters, vol.310, issue.2, pp.127-137, 2010.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2010.02055.x

G. Mitta, R. Galinier, P. Tisseyre, J. Allienne, and Y. Girerd-chambaz, Gene discovery and expression analysis of immune-relevant genes from Biomphalaria glabrata hemocytes, Developmental & Comparative Immunology, vol.29, issue.5, pp.393-407, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.dci.2004.10.002
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00104494

S. Tauszig, E. Jouanguy, J. Hoffmann, and J. Imler, Toll-related receptors and the control of antimicrobial peptide expression in Drosophila, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol.97, issue.19, pp.10520-10525, 2000.
DOI : 10.1073/pnas.180130797

H. Gardsvoll, L. Hansen, T. Jorgensen, and M. Ploug, A new tagging system for production of recombinant proteins in Drosophila S2 cells using the third domain of the urokinase receptor, Protein Expression and Purification, vol.52, issue.2, pp.384-394, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pep.2006.11.013

M. Berney, F. Hammes, F. Bosshard, H. Weilenmann, and T. Egli, Assessment and Interpretation of Bacterial Viability by Using the LIVE/DEAD BacLight Kit in Combination with Flow Cytometry, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, vol.73, issue.10, pp.3283-3290, 2007.
DOI : 10.1128/AEM.02750-06

C. Hetru and P. Bulet, Strategies for the Isolation and Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptides of Invertebrates, Methods Mol Biol, vol.78, pp.35-49, 1997.
DOI : 10.1385/0-89603-408-9:35

A. Hope, A Simplified Monte Carlo Significance Test Procedure, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Methodological), vol.30, pp.582-598, 1968.

R. Team, R: A language and environment for statistical computing, 2005.