N. Adler, R. Shani, and A. Styrhe, Collaborative research in organizations : foundations for learning, change, and theoretical development, 2004.
DOI : 10.4135/9781412983679

N. Annand, H. K. Gardner, and T. Morris, KNOWLEDGE-BASED INNOVATION: EMERGENCE AND EMBEDDING OF NEW PRACTICE AREAS IN MANAGEMENT CONSULTING FIRMS., Academy of Management Journal, vol.50, issue.2, pp.406-428, 2007.
DOI : 10.5465/AMJ.2007.24634457

M. Bergquist, J. Ljunberg, and U. Lundh-snis, Practising peer review in organizations: a qualifier for knowledge dissemination and legitimization, Journal of Information Technology, vol.16, issue.2, pp.99-112, 2001.
DOI : 10.1080/02683960110054780

P. Boxall and M. Steeneveld, Human Resource Strategy and Competitive Advantage: A Longitudinal Study of Engineering Consultancies, Journal of Management Studies, vol.36, issue.4, pp.443-463, 1999.
DOI : 10.1111/1467-6486.00144

A. Carlsen, R. Klev, and G. Krogh, Living Knowledge: Foundations and Framework Living knowledge. The dynamics of professional service work: 1-19, 2004.

D. J. Cooper, B. Hinings, R. Greenwood, and J. L. Brown, Sedimentation and Transformation in Organizational Change: The Case of Canadian Law Firms, Organization Studies, vol.36, issue.4, pp.623-647, 1996.
DOI : 10.1177/017084069601700404

G. De-jong and A. Van-witteloostuijn, Successful corporate democracy: Sustainable cooperation of capital and labor in the Dutch Breman Group., Academy of Management Executive, vol.18, issue.3, pp.54-66, 2004.
DOI : 10.5465/AME.2004.14776169

P. F. Drucker, Knowledge-Worker Productivity: The Biggest Challenge, California Management Review, vol.41, issue.2, pp.79-94, 1999.
DOI : 10.2307/41165987

K. Eisenhardt, Building Theories from Case Study Research, Academy of Management Review, vol.14, issue.4, pp.532-550, 1989.

L. Empson, Fear of Exploitation and Fear of Contamination: Impediments to Knowledge Transfer in Mergers between Professional Service Firms, Human Relations, vol.30, issue.6, pp.839-862, 2001.
DOI : 10.1177/0018726701547003

M. P. Follett, Creative Experience, 1924.

S. Gand and M. Béjean, Sustaining Democratic member-owned firms by designing suitable management functions, 2007.

M. Gibbons, C. Limoges, H. Nowotny, S. Schwarzman, P. Scott et al., The New Production of Knowledge: The Dynamics of Science and Research in Contemporary Societies, 1994.

H. Gospel and A. Pendleton, Finance, Corporate Governance and the Management of Labour: A Conceptual and Comparative Analysis, British Journal of Industrial Relations, vol.33, issue.2, pp.557-582, 2003.
DOI : 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200006)21:6<689::AID-SMJ115>3.0.CO;2-Y

A. Gouldner, Cosmopolitans and Locals: Toward an Analysis of Latent Social Roles. II, Administrative Science Quarterly, vol.2, issue.4, pp.1957-58
DOI : 10.2307/2390795

R. Greenwood, C. R. Hinings, and J. Brown, "P<sup>2</sup>-FORM" STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: CORPORATE PRACTICES IN PROFESSIONAL PARTNERSHIPS., Academy of Management Journal, vol.33, issue.4, pp.725-755, 1990.
DOI : 10.2307/256288

R. Greenwood, S. X. Li, R. Prakash, and D. L. Deephouse, Reputation, Diversification, and Organizational Explanations of Performance in Professional Service Firms, Organization Science, vol.16, issue.6, pp.661-673, 2005.
DOI : 10.1287/orsc.1050.0159

A. Haesli and P. Boxall, When knowledge management meets HR strategy: an exploration of personalization-retention and codification-recruitment configurations, The International Journal of Human Resource Management, vol.51, issue.11, pp.1955-1975, 2005.
DOI : 10.1080/09585199400000020

M. T. Hansen, N. Nohria, and T. Tierney, What's your strategy for managing knowledge? Harvard Business Review, pp.106-116, 1999.

J. S. Harrison and R. E. Freeman, Is organizational democracy worth the effort? Academy of Management Executive (special topic: democracy in and around organizations, pp.49-53, 2004.

A. Hatchuel and A. David, Collaborating for Management Research: From Action Research to Intervention Research in Management, 2007.
DOI : 10.4135/9781412976671.n7

C. R. Hinings and H. Leblebici, Editorial Introduction to the Special Issue: Knowledge and Professional Organizations, Organization Studies, vol.24, issue.6, pp.827-830, 2003.
DOI : 10.1177/0170840603024006001

M. A. Hitt, L. Bierman, K. Shimizu, and R. Kochhar, DIRECT AND MODERATING EFFECTS OF HUMAN CAPITAL ON STRATEGY AND PERFORMANCE IN PROFESSIONAL SERVICE FIRMS: A RESOURCE-BASED PERSPECTIVE., Academy of Management Journal, vol.44, issue.1, pp.13-28, 2001.
DOI : 10.2307/3069334

N. Kinnie, S. Hutchinson, J. Purcell, B. Rayton, and J. Swart, Satisfaction with HR practices and commitment to the organisation: why one size does not fit all, Human Resource Management Journal, vol.39, issue.4, pp.9-29, 2005.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1748-8583.2005.tb00293.x

E. Lazega, Le phénomène collégial : une théorie structurale de l'action collective entre pairs. Revue française de sociologie, pp.639-670, 1999.

P. Lefebvre, P. Roos, and J. Sardas, Les théories des Communautés de Pratique à l'épreuve : conditions d'émergence et organisation des communautés, pp.25-48, 2004.

B. R. Lowendahl, Strategic Management of Professional Service Firms, 2005.

B. R. Lowendahl, O. Revang, and S. M. Fosstenlokken, Knowledge and Value Creation in Professional Service Firms: A Framework for Analysis, Human Relations, vol.5, issue.3, pp.911-931, 2001.
DOI : 10.1177/0018726701547006

D. H. Maister, Managing the professional service firm, 1993.

D. H. Maister, Managing the professional service firm, 1993.

H. Mintzberg, Covert leadership: notes on managing professionals, Harvard Business Review, pp.140-147, 1998.

H. Mintzberg and J. A. Waters, Of strategies, deliberate and emergent, Strategic Management Journal, vol.6, issue.3, pp.257-272, 1985.
DOI : 10.1002/smj.4250060306

J. Moisdon, Recherche en gestion et intervention, Revue Fran??aise de Gestion, vol.41, issue.253, 1984.
DOI : 10.3166/RFG.253.21-39

T. Morris, Asserting Property Rights: Knowledge Codification in the Professional Service Firm, Human Relations, vol.40, issue.3, pp.819-938, 2001.
DOI : 10.1177/0018726701547002

T. Morris and L. Empson, Organisation and expertise: An exploration of knowledge bases and the management of accounting and consulting firms, Accounting, Organizations and Society, vol.23, issue.5-6, pp.5-6, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0361-3682(98)00032-4

R. E. Palmer, Trends in international management: Toward federation of equals, Business Quaterly, vol.52, issue.1, 1987.

C. L. Pearce, The future of leadership: Combining vertical and shared leadership to transform knowledge work, pp.47-57, 2004.

A. Pendleton, Employee Ownership, Participation and Governance. A study of ESOPs in the UK, 2001.

A. Pinnington and T. Morris, Transforming the Architect: Ownership Form and Archetype Change. Organization Studies, pp.189-210, 2002.

A. Pinnington and T. Morris, Archetype Change in Professional Organizations: Survey Evidence from Large Law Firms, British Journal of Management, vol.30, issue.6, pp.85-99, 2003.
DOI : 10.1023/A:1016997715842

M. Ram, Managing Consultants in a Small Firm: A Case Study, Journal of Management Studies, vol.36, issue.6, pp.875-897, 1999.
DOI : 10.1111/1467-6486.00162

D. M. Rousseau and A. Rivero, Democracy, a Way of Organizing in a Knowledge Economy, Journal of Management Inquiry, vol.12, issue.2, pp.115-134, 2003.
DOI : 10.1177/1056492603012002003

D. M. Rousseau and Z. Shperling, Pieces of the Action: Ownership and the Changing Employment Relationship, Academy of Management Review, vol.28, issue.4, pp.553-570, 2003.

H. Scarbrough, Knowledge as Work: Conflicts in the Management of Knowledge Workers, Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, vol.1, issue.1, pp.5-16, 1999.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-8551.1994.tb00080.x

M. Skaret and A. L. Bygdas, Mobilizing Knowledge in a Knowledge Intensive Firm. Towards an Activity System View on Knowledge Transition., Cistema-99; Mobilizing Knowledge in Technology Management, p.27, 1999.

R. Suddaby and R. Greenwood, Colonizing Knowledge: Commodification as a Dynamic of Jurisdictional Expansion in Professional Service Firms, Human Relations, vol.48, issue.9, pp.933-953, 2001.
DOI : 10.1177/0018726701547007

E. Wenger, Communities of Practice: Learning, meaning, and identity, 1998.
DOI : 10.1017/CBO9780511803932

G. Winch and E. Schneider, MANAGING THE KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION: THE CASE OF ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE, Journal of Management Studies, vol.49, issue.6, pp.923-937, 1993.
DOI : 10.1111/j.1467-6486.1993.tb00472.x

R. K. Yin, Case study research: design and methods, 1994.

M. H. Zack, Developing a Knowledge Strategy, California Management Review, vol.9, issue.3, pp.125-145, 1999.
DOI : 10.2307/2486995