B. D. Anderson and J. B. Moore, Optimal Filtering, Information and System Sciences Series, 1979.
DOI : 10.1109/TSMC.1982.4308806

L. L. Ashbaugh, W. C. Malm, and W. Z. Sadeh, A residence time probability analysis of sulfur concentrations at grand Canyon National Park, Atmospheric Environment (1967), vol.19, issue.8, pp.1263-1270, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0004-6981(85)90256-2

A. Baklanov, Modelling of the atmospheric radionuclide transport: local to regional scalespecial issue dedicated to 75-year jubilee of academician G. I. Marchuk), Numerical Mathematics and Mathematical Modelling, INM RAS, vol.2, pp.244-266, 2000.

A. Baklanov and A. Mahura, Assessment of possible airborne impact from risk sites: methodology for probabilistic atmospheric studies, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.4, issue.2, pp.485-495, 2004.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-4-485-2004
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00295411

A. F. Bennett and P. C. Mcintosh, Open Ocean Modeling as an Inverse Problem: Tidal Theory, Journal of Physical Oceanography, vol.12, issue.10, pp.1004-1018, 1982.
DOI : 10.1175/1520-0485(1982)012<1004:OOMAAI>2.0.CO;2

M. Bertero, C. De-mol, and E. R. Pike, Linear inverse problems with discrete data. I. General formulation and singular system analysis, Inverse Problems, vol.1, issue.4, pp.301-330, 1985.
DOI : 10.1088/0266-5611/1/4/004

P. Bousquet, P. Peylin, P. Ciais, P. Rayner, P. Friedlingstein et al., Regional Changes in Carbon Dioxide Fluxes of Land and Oceans Since 1980, Science, vol.290, issue.5495, pp.1342-1346, 2000.
DOI : 10.1126/science.290.5495.1342

J. Boutahar, S. Lacour, V. Mallet, D. Quélo, Y. Roustan et al., Development and validation of a fully modular platform for the numerical modeling of air pollution: POLAIR, Int. J. Envir. Poll, pp.2003-2007

F. Bouttier and P. Courtier, Data assimilation concepts and methods available on the web site: www.ecmwf. int/newsevents/training/rcourse_notes/DATA_ASSIMILATION/ ASSIM_CONCEPTS/Assim_concepts21.html, Meteorological training course lecture series, 1999.

J. Brandt, A. Ebel, H. Elbern, H. Jakobs, M. Memmesheimer et al., The importance of accurate meteorological input fields and accurate planetary boundary layer parameterizations, tested against ETEX- 1, in ETEX symposium on long-range atmospheric transport, model verification and emergency response, Proceedings, European Commission , EUR 17346 EN, pp.13-16, 1997.

E. W. Cheney, Introduction to approximation theory, International series in pure and applied mathematics, 1966.

C. Clerbaux, J. Hadji-lazaro, S. Turquety, G. Mégie, and P. Coheur, Trace gas measurements from infrared satellite for chemistry and climate applications, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.3, issue.5, pp.1495-1508, 2003.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-3-1495-2003
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00327825

P. Courtier, Dual formulation of four-dimensional variational assimilation, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.121, issue.544, pp.2449-2461, 1997.
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49712354414

I. G. Enting, C. M. Trudinger, and R. J. Francey, A synthesis inversion of the concentration and ? 13 C of atmospheric CO 2, pp.35-52, 1995.

I. G. Enting, P. Kasibhatla, M. Heimann, P. Rayner, N. Mahowald et al., Green's function methods of tracer inversion, Inverse methods in global biogeochemical cycles Geophysical Monograph Series, 2000.
DOI : 10.1029/GM114p0019

S. M. Fan, J. L. Sarmiento, M. Gloor, and S. W. Pacala, On the use of regularization techniques in the inverse modeling of atmospheric carbon dioxide, Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, vol.247, issue.D17, pp.17-503, 1999.
DOI : 10.1029/1999JD900215

G. Fano, Metodi matematici della meccanica quantistica, Zanichelli, 1967, translated in English as: Mathematical methods of quantum mechanics, 1971.

L. Gallardo, G. Olivares, J. Langner, and B. Aarhus, Coastal lows and sulfur air pollution in Central Chile, Atmospheric Environment, vol.36, issue.23, pp.3829-3841, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00285-6

J. P. Gram, Om Rackkendvilklinger bestemte ved Hjaelp af de minfste Kvadraters Methode, Copenhagen, 1879, translated in German as: Über die Entwicklung reeller Funktionen in Reihen mittels der Methode der kleinsten Quadrate, Journal für reihe und angewandte Mathematik, vol.94, pp.41-73, 1883.

H. Hatori, A note on the entropy of a continuous distribution, Kodai Mathematical Seminar Reports, vol.10, issue.4, pp.172-176, 1958.
DOI : 10.2996/kmj/1138844051

J. Issartel and J. Baverel, Inverse transport for the verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.3, issue.3, pp.475-486, 2003.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-3-475-2003
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00328337

J. Issartel, Rebuilding sources of linear tracers after atmospheric concentration measurements, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.3, issue.6, pp.2111-2125, 2003.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-3-2111-2003
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00328357

. Joint-research-centre and . Etex, The European tracer experiment, European communities, EUR 18143 EN, 1998.

A. S. Kholevo, Verotnostnye i statistiqeskie aspekty kvantovoi teorii translated in English as: Holevo, A. S.: Probabilistic and statistical aspects of quantum theory, North Holland Series in Statistics and Probability, vol.1, 1980.

A. C. Loren, Analysis methods for numerical weather prediction, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, vol.108, issue.474, pp.1177-1194, 1988.
DOI : 10.1002/qj.49711247414

W. E. Lorensen and H. E. Cline, Marching cubes: A high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm, ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics, vol.21, issue.4, pp.163-169, 1987.
DOI : 10.1145/37402.37422

J. Louis, A parametric model of vertical eddy fluxes in the atmosphere , Boundary Layer Meteorology, pp.187-202, 1979.

J. Louis, M. Tiedke, and J. And-geleyn, A short history of the PBL parameterization at ECMWF, Proceedings ECMWF workshop on planetary boundary layer parameterization, pp.59-79, 1982.

V. Mallet and B. Sportisse, 3-D chemistry-transport model Polair: numerical issues, validation and automatic-differentiation strategy, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, vol.4, issue.2, pp.1371-1392, 1371.
DOI : 10.5194/acpd-4-1371-2004
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00327858

G. I. Marchuk, Soprennye Uravneni i Analiz Slonyh Sistem, English as: Adjoint Equations and Analysis of Complex Systems, Mathematics and its Applications, 1992.

G. I. Marchuk, Perturbation theory and the statement of inverse problems, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol.4, p.159, 1973.
DOI : 10.1007/3-540-06600-4_14

G. I. Marchuk, Equation for value of information from meteorological satellites and formulation of inverse problems, Space Res, pp.462-477, 1964.

D. Middleton, An Introduction to Statistical Communication Theory , International Series in Pure and Applied Physics, pp.307-310, 1960.

A. Ouahsine and H. Smaoui, Flux-limiter schemes for oceanic tracers: application to the English Channel tidal model, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, vol.179, issue.3-4, pp.307-325, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0045-7825(99)00064-X

V. Penenko and A. Baklanov, Methods of sensitivity theory and inverse modeling for estimation of source term and nuclear risk/vulnerability areas, Lecture Notes in Computer ScienceLNCS), pp.57-66, 2001.

V. Penenko, A. Baklanov, and E. Tsvetova, Methods of sensitivity theory and inverse modeling for estimation of source parameters, Future Generation Computer Systems, vol.18, issue.5, pp.661-671, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0167-739X(02)00031-6

J. Pudykiewicz, Application of adjoint tracer transport equations for evaluating source parameters, Atmospheric Environment, vol.32, issue.17, pp.3039-3050, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00480-9

D. Quélo, Simulation numérique et assimilation de données variationnelles pour la dispersion atmosphérique de polluants, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 2004.

P. K. Raschewski, Rimanova geometri i tenzornii analiz, 1953.

R. T. Rockafellar, Convex analysis, 1970.
DOI : 10.1515/9781400873173

L. Robertson and C. Persson, Attempts to Apply Four Dimensional Data Assimilation of Radiological Data Using the Adjoint Technique, Radiation Protection Dosimetry, vol.50, issue.2-4, pp.333-337, 1993.
DOI : 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a082108

C. Rödenbeck, S. Houweling, M. Gloor, and M. Heimann, CO₂ flux history 1982???2001 inferred from atmospheric data using a global inversion of atmospheric transport, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.3, issue.6, pp.2575-2659, 2003.
DOI : 10.5194/acp-3-1919-2003

G. Roussel, E. Ternsisien, and M. Benjelloun, Estimation d'un modèle stationnaire de dispersion et localisation de source. Application à la surveillance de la pollution, Revue du Traitement du Signal, vol.19, issue.1, pp.37-48, 2002.

K. N. Sartelet, J. Boutahar, D. Quélo, I. Coll, and B. Sportisse, Development and validation of a 3D chemistry transport model POLAIR3D, by comparison with data from ESQUIF campaign, Proc. of the 6th GLOREAM workshop: Global and Regional Atmospheric Modelling, 2002.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/inria-00532776

P. Seibert, Inverse modelling with a Lagrangian particle dispersion model: application to point releases over limited time intervals , in: Air Pollution and its Application XIV, pp.381-389, 2001.

C. E. Shannon, A Mathematical Theory of Communication, Bell System Technical Journal, vol.27, issue.3, pp.379-423, 1948.
DOI : 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1948.tb01338.x

M. Sharan, R. T. Mcnider, S. G. Gopalakrishnan, and M. P. Singh, Bhopal gas leak: A numerical simulation of episodic dispersion, Atmospheric Environment, vol.29, issue.16, pp.2051-2059, 1995.
DOI : 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00031-S

B. Sportisse, J. Boutahar, E. Debry, D. Quélo, and K. Sartelet, Some tracks in air pollution modeling and simulation, Revista de la Real Academia de Ciencias, Serie A: Matemáticas (RAC- SAM), pp.96-507, 2002.

A. Stohl, Computation, accuracy and applications of trajectories???A review and bibliography, Atmospheric Environment, vol.32, issue.6, pp.947-966, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00457-3

A. Tarantola, Inverse problem theory, 1987.

M. Uliasz and R. Pielke, Application of the receptor oriented approach in mesoscale dispersion modeling, in van Dop and Steyn editors, Air Pollution and its Application VIII, pp.399-407, 1991.

D. Wendum, Three long-range transport models compared to the ETEX experiment, Atmospheric Environment, vol.32, issue.24, pp.4297-4305, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S1352-2310(98)00187-3

G. Wotawa, L. De-geer, P. Denier, M. Kalinowski, H. Toivonen et al., Atmospheric transport modelling in support of CTBT verification???overview and basic concepts, Atmospheric Environment, vol.37, issue.18, pp.2525-2537, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00154-7