Crutal xenoliths in triassic lamprophyre dykes in Western Morocco : Tectonic implications for the Rheic Ocean suture
Résumé
Dykes of calc-alkaline lamprophyre cutting granite of the Hercynian Jebilet Massif of the Moroccan Meseta (western Morocco) contain crustal xenoliths. The xenoliths range in composition from mafic (cognate cumulates) and upper crustal granitic rocks through gneisses to middle crustal felsic granulites. SHRIMP UThPb zircon analyses of these rocks indicate that the dykes were likely intruded during Middle Triassic times ([similar]235 Ma), whereas the xenoliths contain zircons with concordant CarboniferousEarly Permian, Neoproterozoic and Palaeoproterozoic ages (280328 Ma, c. 540615 Ma, 700 Ma and [similar]2000 Ma). The 280328 Ma ages appear to record synchronous intrusive and high-grade (up to granulite facies) Variscan metamorphic events, suggesting that high-grade metamorphism may have facilitated the S-type granitic magmatism. On the other hand, the [similar]540615 Ma, 700 Ma and 2000 Ma ages correspond with Pan-African and Eburnian orogenic events recorded in the West African Craton. In a Triassic reconstruction, Morocco is juxtaposed against Nova Scotia (Canada), and some have proposed that the basement of the easternmost terrane (Meguma terrane) is a piece of the West African craton. However, lower crustal xenoliths from Devonian dykes ([similar]370 Ma) cutting the Meguma terrane have yielded Late Devonian, Neo- and Mesoproterozoic ages (378 Ma, 575629 Ma, [similar]8801050 Ma and [similar]1530 Ma). The presence of [similar]1 Ga ages suggests that the basement of the Meguma terrane is Avalonian rather than West African, implying that in a Pangean reconstruction, the Rheic Ocean suture between NW Africa and Maritime Canada coincides with the Atlantic Ocean.