Anisotropic relativistic cross sections for inelastic electron scattering, and the magic angle
Résumé
The knowledge of the inelastic double differential scattering cross section DDSCS is of utmost importance for microanalysis in electron energy loss spectrometry EELS in the electron microscope and for the investigation of electron energy loss near edge structure ELNES . Calculations are usually based on a nonrelativistic first-order Born approximation. Relativistic corrections were thought to be important only for primary beam energies much higher than 300 keV. A semirelativistic correction taking into account the relativistic mass change of the probe electron was considered sufficient. We review the relativistic expression of the inelastic double differential scattering cross section DDSCS originally given by Møller. We show that the virtual photon exchange proposed by Fano need not be considered separately. The interference terms between longitudinal and transverse exitations cannot be neglected in anisotropic systems. This explains the surprisingly small magic angle.